申城连日阴霾，空气污染指数上升。前昨两天，走在上海的街道上，不少市民出行都戴上了口罩，同时，网上流传戴“N95口罩、吃黑木耳猪血可防PM2.5”的说法，这些措施究竟有没有科学依据？

For Shanghai haze,Air pollution index rise.Yesterday before two days,Walking in the streets of Shanghai,Many people travel are wearing masks,At the same time,Online spread wear"N95 respirator/Eat black fungus pig blood can prevent PM2.5"that,These measures about whether any scientific basis?

　　复旦大学公共卫生学院教授阚海东上午接受记者采访时表示，面对空气污染，市民不需要过度恐慌，也不必防范过度。

Fudan university, professor with the school of public health KanHaiDong morning when accepting a reporter to interview said,In the face of the air pollution,People don't need to panic,Don't prevent excessive.

戴口罩无法阻挡 Wearing a mask can't stop

　　阚海东长期从事空气污染对健康影响的研究。他首先明确，现在药店的口罩脱销，很多人以为戴口罩能防PM2.5，其实，普通口罩完全没有作用，就算是被公认的N95口罩也用处不大，因为，口罩只能阻挡大的污染颗粒，无法阻挡PM2.5这种微小颗粒的入侵。

KanHaiDong long engaged in air pollution on health effects of research.He first clear,Now a pharmacy mask out of stock,A lot of people think that wearing a mask can prevent PM2.5,In fact,Ordinary mask completely no effect,It is known to be the N95 respirator also useless,because,Mask can only stop big pollution particles,Can't stop PM2.5 this molecule invasion.

吃些抗氧化食品 Eat some antioxidant food

　　阚海东同时表示，从现代生物医学角度来看，网上流传“吃黑木耳、猪血可防PM2.5”，也缺乏科学证据，不过吃鱼油可能有一定作用。美国环保署研究显示，含Omega-3成分的鱼油可以减缓PM2.5导致的心肺系统损害。此外，吃一些抗氧化食品也可能有作用，比如水果，含维C、维E的坚果类食物等。

KanHaiDong also said,From the modern biomedical perspective,Circulated online"Eat black fungus/Pig blood can prevent PM2.5",Also the lack of scientific evidence,But eat fish oil may have certain effect.The epa research shows,Contains Omega 3 components of fish oil can slow PM2.5 in cardiopulmonary system damage.In addition,Eat some antioxidant food may also be useful,Such as fruit,Contain vitamin C/D E nuts, food, etc.

　　不宜长时间开窗

Shoulds not be long time window

　　空气污染肯定影响大众的健康，但阚海东认为，城市中不同人群受PM2.5的影响是不同的。

Air pollution must influence the health of the public,But KanHaiDong think,Different groups in the city by the influence of PM2.5 is different.

　　他介绍说，PM2.5可随呼吸进入体内，深入呼吸道，并穿透入血液循环系统，直接导致呼吸系统和心脑血管系统等疾病，敏感人群主要包括小孩和患有慢性基础性疾病的中老年人。而对白领而言，如果在写字楼里尤其是高档写字楼内呆着，PM2.5的影响可能并不很大，这是因为，高档写字楼的窗户密闭性强，室外PM2.5不易渗透入室内。

He said,PM2.5 can breathe with the body,Further respiratory,And penetration into the blood circulation system,Led directly to the respiratory system diseases and cerebrovascular system,Sensitive people including children and people suffering from chronic basic diseases in old people.For in the white-collar,If in the office building especially high-grade office buildings stay inside,The influence of PM2.5 may not great,This is because,High-grade office buildings window leakproofness is strong,Outdoor PM2.5 not easy penetration into the interior.

　　阚海东建议，当室外PM2.5污染较严重时，关闭窗户是防空气污染的主要措施之一。在雾霾天气时，市民不宜长时间开窗，早上起来时，只需要引入一些新鲜的空气，感觉到空气相对流通了，就应立即关上窗户。

KanHaiDong Suggestions,When outdoor PM2.5 pollution is serious,Close the window is the anti air pollution is one of the main measures.In the fog haze weather,People should not be long time window,When the morning,Only need to introduce some fresh air,Feel the air relative flow,Should be immediately close the window.

应重视室内污染 Should attach importance to the indoor pollution

　　阚海东指出，眼下很多人将PM2.5的成因归究于室外，诸如汽车尾气排放、工业污染等因素，事实上，PM2.5除了来自室外，还受到室内吸烟的影响，甚至超过了室外的影响。人一天有超过80%的时间在室内度过，而中国成年男性有50%抽烟，因此，控制PM2.5，控烟与控制城市碳排放同等重要。

KanHaiDong pointed out that,Now a lot of people will be the cause of PM2.5 to investigate in outdoor,Such as automobile emission/Factors such as industrial pollution,In fact,PM2.5 apart from outside,But also by the influence of the indoor smoking,Even more than an outside influence.A person a day for more than 80% of the time spent indoors,China adult male 50% smoking,so,Control PM2.5,Smoke control and control city carbon emissions are equally important.

更需要加强研究 More need to strengthen the study

　　PM2.5究竟到何等浓度、何种程度会对人体健康造成哪些具体的伤害？有些重大疾病，如肺癌等到底与PM2.5有何直接联系？阚海东坦言，我国对PM2.5的监测不仅起步较晚，而且是零散的、间断的，得到的结果也是局域性的。有限的观测结果不能全面反映中国PM2.5污染的整体状况，更不能以此获得对人体健康影响的信息。未来，环境专家与卫生专家应展开跨学科合作，明确我国范围内的主要大气污染物暴露人群的浓度，并估算我国大气污染物与健康效益的“剂量—反应关系”，这样，才可以给公众一个明确的答案，公众防范PM2.5才能有的放矢。(记者 张炯强)

What how to PM2.5 concentrations/What degree would be caused to human body health what specific damage?Some major disease,Such as lung cancer and exactly and PM2.5 have any direct contact?KanHaiDong said,Our country not only to the monitoring of PM2.5 started late,And it is odd/continuous,The result obtained is local sex.Limited observation results cannot reflect the whole situation of Chinese PM2.5 pollution,To get more not to human body health effects of information.The future,Environmental experts and health experts should be conducted interdisciplinary cooperation,Clearly China within the scope of the main atmospheric pollutants exposure population concentration,In our country and estimate the atmospheric pollutants and health benefits"Dose response relation -",this,Can give the public a clear answer,The public against PM2.5 have something to aim for.(Reporter ZhangJiongJiang)