“黑名单”威慑能否带来“舌尖上的安全”？ "blacklist"Deterrence can bring"The tip of the tongue on the safety"?

　　春节期间聚餐增多，“舌尖上的安全”成为关注焦点。上海市食品安全委员会办公室相关负责人透露，《上海市食品安全信用体系建设若干意见》已经通过网上征求意见，预计2013年上半年推出，11种食品安全违法犯罪行为的食品生产经营企业将被列入“黑名单”。此举能否督促生产企业落实食品安全的主体责任，能否为百姓带来安全餐饮，有待时间检验。

During the Spring Festival party increase,"The tip of the tongue on the safety"Become the focus.Shanghai food safety commission office revealed that the relevant person in charge,[Shanghai food safety credit system construction several opinions]Have been through online for advice,In the first half of 2013 is expected to launch,11 kinds of food safety illegal and criminal behavior of food production or marketing of the enterprise will be included in the"blacklist".It can supervise the production enterprises implement the main body of the food safety responsibility,People can bring safe food,Time inspection to.

列入“黑名单”企业将面临严厉处罚 on"blacklist"Enterprise will face severe penalties

　　《上海市食品安全信用体系建设若干意见》网上征求意见稿中明确规定，11种食品安全违法犯罪行为的食品生产经营企业，将被列入上海市食品生产经营严重失信企业及有关责任人“黑名单”。

[Shanghai food safety credit system construction several opinions]Online draft in specific provision,11 kinds of food safety illegal and criminal behavior of food production or marketing of the enterprise,Will be included in the Shanghai food production and operation of enterprises and relevant responsible persons promise seriously"blacklist".

　　这些行为包括：在农产品种植、养殖、加工、收购、运输过程中使用违禁药物或其他可能危害人体健康的物质的；使用非食用物质和原料生产食品，违法制售、使用食品非法添加物，或者使用回收食品作为原料生产食品的；收购、加工、销售病死、毒死或者死因不明的禽、畜、兽、水产动物肉类及其制品，或者向畜禽及畜禽产品注水或注入其他物质的等。

These activities include:In the agricultural planting/breeding/processing/acquisition/In the process of transport to use drugs or other may be harmful to human health and the material;Use a food material and raw material to produce food,Illegal manufacturing/Illegal use of food additives,Or use recovery food as raw material to produce food;acquisition/processing/Sales ill/Poison or unknown cause of birds/livestock/beast/Aquatic animal meat and its products,Or to livestock and poultry and livestock and poultry products injection or injection of other material, etc.

　　而一旦被加入“黑名单”，企业将面临最严的准入、最严的处罚和实行联合惩戒。上海市食品安全委员会办公室副主任顾振华介绍，对被列入“黑名单”的食品生产经营企业，监管部门将依法按照上限给予行政处罚；有关责任人禁止在本市从事食品生产经营活动。取消被列入“黑名单”的食品生产经营企业评先进或申报政府资助项目等方面的资格，并对法定代表人的各类评先评优、享受政府相关扶持政策等，实行一票否决。

And once were added"blacklist",Enterprise will face the most strict access/The most severe punishment and implement joint discipline.Shanghai food safety commission deputy director of the office of the GuZhenHua is introduced,To be included in the"blacklist"Food production management enterprise,Regulatory authorities according to law to administrative penalty in accordance with the upper limit;Relevant responsible persons banned in this city is engaged in food production and operation activities.Cancel are on"blacklist"Food production management enterprise evaluation of advanced or declare government funding projects qualification,And the legal representative of all kinds of PingXian recommendation/Enjoy the relevant government policy support, etc,Implement a ticket veto.

　　而且，对于列入“黑名单”的企业和有关责任人，将由上海市食安办和各级监管部门通过政府网站和媒体及时予以公布，对有关企业的典型案例予以曝光，发挥社会惩戒作用。

and,For in"blacklist"Enterprise and the relevant responsible persons,By Shanghai food will do, and the supervision department at all levels through the government website and media shall be promulgated in time,The enterprise of the typical case to exposure,Play social disciplinary action.

　　根据意见，还将鼓励和支持各监管部门、各类市场主体依法查询、应用食品企业及食品从业者的信用信息，在开展监管工作、履行管理职能和参与经济活动中，将其作为重要的前置条件与评估依据；将企业和有关责任人食品安全的不良信用档案与量化分级监管相结合，公示量化分级结果，接受公众监督。

According to the opinion,Also will encourage and support the supervision department/All kinds of market subject according to law inquires the/Application of food enterprise and food practitioners credit information,In carrying out supervision work/Perform management functions and participation in economic activities,As a important precondition and evaluation basis;The enterprise and the relevant responsible persons food safety of bad credit records and quantitative classification combined with supervision,Public quantitative classification results,Accept the supervision of the general public.

　　顾振华介绍，这一规定有望在2013年上半年正式推出，期待文件出台后，能进一步加强上海食品企业的主体责任意识。

GuZhenHua introduced,The provisions in the first half of 2013 is expected to be officially launched,Looking forward to more documents,To further strengthen the food enterprise's main body responsibility consciousness.

“黑名单”制度倒逼企业诚信 "blacklist"System DaoBi enterprise honesty

　　曝光和公示，成为倒逼企业诚信的一道“紧箍咒”。上海市人大代表、上海市食品生产监督所监督四科副科长刘震华说，“黑名单”制度是一项非常有力度的举措。“我长期在基层工作，在食品安全监管过程中发现，很多企业诚信度不高，常和执法检查人员玩‘猫捉老鼠’的游戏，在遭到处罚后，不少企业换一个地方，‘改头换面’后继续干，这样就屡禁不止了。如果曝光法人代表等信息就抓住了问题的根源。”

Exposure and public,Become a DaoBi enterprise honesty"inhibitions".The National People's Congress/Shanghai food production supervision and the supervision and four branch deputy head of the office LiuZhenHua said,"blacklist"System is a very has the strength of the measures."I for a long time in the grass-roots level,In the food safety supervision process found,A lot of enterprise credibility is not high,Often and law enforcement inspection personnel to play‘A cat to catch mice’game,After the punishment,Many enterprises in one place,‘Change the appearance’Continue after,This is more than a constant forbidden.If exposure information such as legal representative must have caught the root of the problem."

　　上海凤晨鸡蛋养殖专业合作社理事长赵桂祥对记者说，“黑名单”制度能给企业较大震慑，提高企业的违法成本。“这个比罚款厉害多了，一般的罚款可能只是上级单位或者局部人了解，而上了黑名单消费者都知道了，一夜之间这家问题企业就可能垮了。”

The Shanghai morning egg breeding professional cooperatives ZhaoGuiXiang chairman told reporters,"blacklist"The system can give enterprise bigger awe,Enhances the enterprise the illegal cost."The more severe than a fine,General fines may be superior unit or local people understand,And on the blacklist consumers know,One night the problem enterprise may be collapsed."

　　专家认为，对一家企业的发展来说，让全社会都了解这家企业不诚信或产品质量不合格比行政罚款更有威慑力，可能瞬间缩小企业市场，让企业付出更加沉重的代价。

Experts say,For a company for the development of,Let the whole society to understand the enterprise dishonest or substandard product than administrative penalty more deterrent force,May instantly reduce enterprise market,Let the enterprise pay more heavy price.

　　而且，市民可在购物前或者购物后对照着“黑名单”对相关产品有所了解，如在市场上买到不合格产品，可以到销售商或者厂商处要求赔偿。

and,People can be in shopping before or after the comparison shopping"blacklist"An understanding of related products,As in the market for the unqualified products,Can go to the distributors or manufacturers place claim compensation.

应从源头抓起 Sources should be

　　专家建议，从立法角度确立“黑名单”制度公布的方式、举措及标准，让“黑名单”的公布更加规范，还应配套相应的第三方监督机制。

Expert advice,From the Angle of legislation to establish"blacklist"By way of the system/Measures and standards,let"blacklist"Released the more standard,Should also be supporting the corresponding the third party supervision mechanism.

　　刘震华说，“黑名单”曝光后，更关键的是背后的查处，目前食品网购也对监管部门提出了新要求，需要形成大区域监管的概念，各省市监管部门要形成合力，严厉查处问题产品。

LiuZhenHua said,"blacklist"After exposure,The most important is behind the investigation,At present the net food to supervision department puts forward new requirements,Need to form the concept of large area supervision,All the provinces and supervision department to form a resultant force,Severe problems and products.

　　赵桂祥建议，一些散户、个体户的产品如有问题可能很难找到责任人，“黑名单”制度可能无法对这些领域进行覆盖。“黑名单”不能仅盯着企业，还应加大对不规范散户或地下作坊的打击力度。

ZhaoGuiXiang Suggestions,Some retail/Individual household products such as problems might be hard to find partners,"blacklist"System might not be able to cover these areas."blacklist"Not only stared at the enterprise,Should also strengthen the non-standard retail or underground workshop crackdown.

　　更重要的是，除了盯住终端环节，还要加强源头监管。专家认为，食品安全的监管关键在源头，一些农副产品、食品生产大省的监管部门必须切实履行责任，只有堵住了源头的“主动脉”，下游才能堵住“毛细血管”，否则终端查处再多问题也难以根治。

More important is,In addition to gaze at terminal link,To strengthen supervision.Experts say,Food safety supervision key at source,Some agricultural and sideline products/Food production province regulatory departments must earnestly implement the responsibility,Only blocked the source"aortic",Downstream to obstruct"capillary",Otherwise the terminal and also more difficult to effect a radical cure.

　　业内人士同时提醒，消费者应提高辨识能力，无需将个别问题夸大至行业问题，将行业问题扩大到对整个食品体系的不信任。

The personage inside course of study at the same time remind,Consumers should improve the ability of recognition,No individual problems will be exaggerated to industry problems,Will expand to the whole industry problem food system mistrust.

　　赵桂祥说，一家企业上“黑名单”，可能对整个行业都会有传导效应，产生负面效果。比如“速生鸡”事件发生后，对整个产业影响很大，虽然“速生”不可怕，很多企业也没有违规用药，但鸡肉产品天天在掉价，不少消费者“谈鸡色变”。(记者周琳、黄安琪)

ZhaoGuiXiang said,A business"blacklist",May to the whole industry can have conduction effect,Produce negative effects.Such as"Fast-growing chicken"After the incident,To the whole industry influence,although"fast-growing"Can't be afraid,Many enterprises also have no illegal drugs,But chicken products in every drop,Many consumer"Talk about chicken colour change".(Reporter ZhouLin/HuangAnQi)