养生警惕：吃鸡蛋黄危害等同吸烟？ Health alert:The egg is equal to eat harm smoking?

日前，加拿大的一项研究提出，从形成血栓严重程度来说，吃蛋黄的危害几乎等于吸烟坏处的2/3。随着一些媒体的报道，各种“鸡蛋有害”的说法在网络流传。这些说法可信吗？记者就此采访了有关专家。

a,A Canadian study put forward,From thrombosis for severity,Eat egg yolk is equal to the harm of smoking almost two-thirds of the disadvantages.With some media reports,various"Eggs harmful"Said in the network spread.These statements believable?The reporter interviewed concerned expert.

一、吃鸡蛋黄危害等同于吸烟？ a/The egg is equal to eat harm smoking?

对于“吃蛋黄的危害几乎等于吸烟坏处的2/3”的说法，武汉协和医院血液科胡豫教授介绍，这是一篇发表在Atherosclerosis杂志上有关鸡蛋黄与颈动脉斑块之间的研究报告，是基于1262名患者进行的回顾性研究调查。“但毕竟每名患者的饮食、日常生活方式等均存在差异，要做到更加客观，尚需更大样本的前瞻性观察。”

for"Eat egg yolk is equal to the harm of smoking almost two-thirds of the disadvantages"that,Wuhan union medical college hospital HuYu hematology department professor is introduced,This is an article published in the journal of Atherosclerosis in carotid plaques on the egg and between research report,Is based on 1262 patients with retrospective survey study."But after all, every patients diet/Daily life way, are different,To be more objective,Still needs a large sample of prospective observation."

中国疾控中心控烟办公室副主任姜桓表示，烟叶不完全燃烧带来尼古丁、一氧化碳等物质，通过损伤血管内皮、使动脉血管腔变窄等途径，引起冠状动脉、颈动脉等多种动脉粥样硬化。吸烟导致动脉硬化是通过数千项研究证实的，不容置疑。

The Chinese CDC deputy director of the office of the tobacco control JiangHuan said,Tobacco incomplete combustion with nicotine/Carbon monoxide and other material,Through the vascular endothelial injury/Make arterial lumen narrowed approaches,Cause of coronary artery/And so on the many kinds of carotid artery atherosclerosis.Smoking causes atherosclerosis is through thousands of studies confirmed,undoubtedly.

专家们均表示，烟草烟雾中含有7000余种化学成分，其中数百种为有害物质。膳食因素和吸烟导致血栓的机理不同，吃蛋黄也绝对不等同于吸烟。

Experts are said,Tobacco smoke contains more than 7000 kinds of chemical composition,The hundreds of for harmful substances.Dietary factors and smoking cause blood clots mechanism is different,Eat egg yolk is not equal to smoking.

二、吃鸡蛋究竟能否导致血栓？ two/What to eat eggs can cause blood clots?

北京协和医院血液科主任医师韩冰介绍说，如果血管狭窄、血流变慢、血液凝固性增高，就容易出现血栓。血栓受肥胖、吸烟、糖尿病等影响，是遗传和环境等多因素作用的结果，饮食只是一个方面。

Beijing union medical college hospital hematology department chief physician HanBing said,If blood vessels are narrow/Hemorrheology slow/Blood coagulability heighten,It is easy to appear the thrombus.Thrombosis by obesity/smoking/Diabetes influence,Is genetic and environmental factors, etc,Only one side of the diet.

那么，吃鸡蛋是否会导致血栓？蔡红琳认为，不能直接得出这样的结论。常吃高胆固醇食物对血栓有促进作用，但造成血栓的原因还包括：脂肪总量高、肥胖、吸烟、酗酒、高血压、年龄大、体力活动少等。如果只是每天吃3个鸡蛋，而其它方面都很科学，是不会导致血栓的。

so,Eating eggs could cause blood clots?CaiGongLin think,Can not directly draw such a conclusion.Often eat high cholesterol diet on thrombosis have promote role,But cause blood clots reasons include:High total fat/obesity/smoking/drinking/hypertension/older/Physical activity, such as less.If only every day to eat three eggs,And other aspects are very scientific,Won't cause blood clots.

蔡红琳同时介绍，从合理膳食的角度来看，控制脂肪总量、少摄入饱和脂肪酸(动物油)、多摄入不饱和脂肪酸(植物油)、少反式脂肪酸、适量膳食纤维、充足维生素和微量元素、少饮白酒等，能够使“好胆固醇”增加、“坏胆固醇”下降，有助于人体健康。

CaiGongLin introduced at the same time,From the point of view of rational diet,Control total fat/Eat less saturated fatty acid(Animal oil)/Just the unsaturated fatty acid(Vegetable oil)/Fewer trans fatty acid/Moderate dietary fiber/Plenty of vitamins and trace elements/Drink less wine, etc,Can make"Good cholesterol"increase/"Bad cholesterol"down,Help to human health.

三、多吃鸡蛋易致“三高”？ three/Eat more eggs easy cause"Three tenors"?

有网文称，“鸡蛋胆固醇含量高，吃多了容易导致人体‘三高(高血压、高血糖、高血脂)’病症”。一些网友甚至说，“鉴于高血脂等健康问题日益突出，成年人群都要远离鸡蛋。”事实是否如此？

Have article said,"Eggs high cholesterol content,To eat many easy to cause the human body‘Three tenors(hypertension/hyperglycemia/High blood fat)’disease".Some net PALS even said,"In view of the high blood fat and health problems have become increasingly prominent,Adult crowd to stay away from eggs."The fact is so?

“多吃鸡蛋引发‘三高’，国际上没有公认的证据证明。”北京协和医院营养科主任医师于康介绍说，有研究表明，如果两组健康人群每日分别摄入1个和10个鸡蛋，持续一个月，尽管后者的摄入量超出建议量约10倍，两者血胆固醇水平没有太大差异，因为人体有自我调节机制。

"Eat more eggs cause‘Three tenors’,There is no international recognized as evidence."Beijing union medical college hospital nutrition division chief physician in KangJieShao said,Some studies have suggested that,If two groups of healthy people were daily intake of 1 and 10 eggs,For a month,Although the latter intake beyond advice about ten times the amount,Both blood cholesterol levels do not have too big difference,Because the human body has the self-adjustment mechanism.

中国疾控中心营养与食品安全所副所长马冠生介绍，人体内胆固醇有两个来源，一是内源性，在肝脏合成，每天约有1000毫克，是人体内胆固醇的主要来源，占70%。另一个是外源性，从食物中获得，主要来自肉类、内脏、蛋黄和奶油。《中国居民膳食指南(2007)》建议，居民每日胆固醇摄入量为300毫克。而一个鸡蛋黄的胆固醇含量为200多毫克，低于居民膳食指南的推荐量。

The Chinese CDC nutrition and food security, deputy director MaGuanSheng is introduced,The body cholesterol has two sources,One is the endogenous,Synthesis in the liver,There are about 1000 mg every day,The human body is the main source of cholesterol,70%.The other one is external,The food,Mainly from meat/visceral/Egg yolks and cream.[Chinese residents dietary guidelines(2007)]Suggestions,Residents daily cholesterol intake for 300 mg.A egg cholesterol content is more than 200 mg,Below the recommended amount of 'dietary guidelines.

记者在采访中了解到，食物中的胆固醇在人体血液中以高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇几种形式存在。“当低密度脂蛋白过量时，它携带的胆固醇易积存在动脉壁上，形成动脉粥样硬化，是导致心脑血管疾病的元凶，被称为‘坏胆固醇’。而高密度脂蛋白能将血液中的多余血脂运送到肝脏代谢掉，被称为‘好胆固醇’。”武汉大学人民医院心血管内科副教授鲁志兵解释说。

Reporter in the interview to understand,The food in the human body blood cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/Low density lipoprotein cholesterol/Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol there several forms."When a glut of low density lipoprotein,It carries cholesterol easy stockpile in the artery wall,Formation of atherosclerosis,Is the prime cause disease of heart head blood-vessel,called‘Bad cholesterol’.And high density lipoprotein in the blood can be carried to excess blood fat liver metabolism off,called‘Good cholesterol’."Wuhan university people's hospital cardiovascular internal medicine, an associate professor at LuZhiBing explained.

对于鸡蛋如何影响人体“好胆固醇”与“坏胆固醇”水平，武汉协和医院营养科医生蔡红琳表示尚不清楚，但蛋黄含有的卵磷脂有利于降低胆固醇。中国营养学会常务副理事长翟凤英也表示，蛋黄中含有丰富的卵磷脂，具有降低血胆固醇的效果，并能促进脂溶性维生素的吸收。

For egg how to affect human body"Good cholesterol"and"Bad cholesterol"level,Wuhan union medical college hospital nutrition family doctor CaiGongLin says it does not know,But the egg yolk contains lecithin to lower cholesterol.The Chinese nutrition society executive vice chairman of the ZhaiFengYing also said,Egg yolk contains abundant lecithin,With lower blood cholesterol effect,And can promote the absorption of fat soluble vitamins.

“每周多吃几个鸡蛋对健康人群的胆固醇含量影响不大。”鲁志兵向记者介绍，真正刺激身体制造胆固醇的是饱和脂肪和反式脂肪。鸡蛋中的饱和脂肪含量相对较低，一个鸡蛋中的饱和脂肪约1.5克，仅为一汤勺黄油的一小部分。

"Eat more a few eggs a week to healthy crowd the cholesterol content of the impact is not big."LuZhiBing introduces to the reporter,Truly stimulating the body manufacturing cholesterol is saturated fat and trans fats.The eggs of the saturated fat content is relatively low,An egg is about 1.5 grams of saturated fat,Is only a small part of the butter a spoon.

于康强调，如果血脂水平增高，需要减少脂肪的摄入，增加体力活动并且控制体重。相比膳食因素，运动、戒烟、情绪调节对调节胆固醇水平更有效。

In kang emphasize,If the blood lipid level increased,Need to reduce fat intake,Increased physical activity and weight control.Dietary factors compared,movement/Quit smoking/Emotion regulation to control cholesterol levels more effective.