近日，中国工程院副院长旭日干表示，该院修订院士增选工作实施办法，将“烟草科学与工程”予以删除。不过，对于“烟草院士”谢剑平，中国工程院的态度是“现在还不能撤销”其院士称号，因为未发现其提名材料及所获奖励造假。

recently,Vice President of the Chinese academy of engineering XuRiGan said,The hospital of the measures for the implementation of the revised add choose work,will"Tobacco science and engineering"Be deleted.but,for"Tobacco academician"XieJianPing,The Chinese academy of engineering attitude is"Now can't cancel"The title of academician,Because did not find their nominated materials and the reward fraud.

　　此番表态并不能让控烟人士满意。中国协和医科大学教授杨功焕指出，“减害降焦”的研究本身就是一个骗局，国际上早已证明那是烟草企业的营销把戏，谢剑平却能以此获得院士头衔，而中国工程院也拒不改正错误，问题很严重。

And the statement does not make people satisfied with tobacco control.Beijing union medical university professor YangGongHuan pointed out,"Harm reduction of reducing tar"Research itself is a scam,International had proved that is tobacco enterprise marketing tricks,XieJianPing but it can to obtain title of academician,And the Chinese academy of engineering also refused to correct errors,The problem was serious.

　　之前，中国毒理学会副理事长廖明阳声明，学会当前未授权任何烟草企业使用“中国毒理学会”的名称，也未签署有效授权或合作协议。学会同仁深知吸烟危害健康，支持控烟事业，将对利用学会名义进行烟草营销活动的企业追究相关责任。

before,China's vice President of toxicology to LiaoMingYang statement,Learn the unauthorized use of any tobacco enterprise"China toxicology to"name,Also not signed the effective authorization or cooperation agreement.Learn to colleagues know that cigarette smoking is a health hazard,Support tobacco business,To learn to use the names of tobacco marketing activities of enterprises related responsibility shall be investigated.

　　在不同的时间里，广东五叶神、江西金圣这两家烟草企业都声称获得过中国毒理学会认证，从而使其“低害卷烟”产品显得更“科学”，对吸烟者形成很大吸引力。

In different time,Guangdong five leaf god/JiangXiJin st the two tobacco enterprise all claimed that won the China of the toxicology,Making it"Less harmful cigarette"The product is much more"science",To the smokers form very attractive.

　　在中华预防医学会伤害预防与控制分委会副主委吴宜群看来，这不是一起简单的盗用维权纠纷，而是一场漫长而艰难的斗争。“这场斗争关乎数以亿计人的健康权益，数以亿计的丰厚利润，以及无从估价的科学的清誉。”她说。

In the preventive medicine association injury prevention and control board deputy chairman WuYiQun looks,This is not a simple rights disputes with theft,But a long and difficult struggle."The struggle for billions of people's health rights,Hundreds of millions of rich profits,And no appraisal scientific clear reputation."She said.

　　

“减害降焦”成为烟草业发展的新旗号 "Harm reduction of reducing tar"The development of the tobacco industry as a new flag

　　随着吸烟有害健康的认识深入人心，烟草业在全球范围内不得不收缩阵线。尽管欧美烟草大企业挖空心思地挣扎，先后发明了过滤嘴和混合型卷烟，但却无法真正改变推销死亡的行业本质，也就难挽颓势。在美国，联邦法院甚至要求烟草企业在媒体上刊登广告，承认把低焦油和淡味卷烟作为比普通卷烟危害小的产品进行虚假广告宣传，蓄意欺骗了美国公众。所有卷烟都会导致癌症、肺病、心脏病和早逝，淡味卷烟、低焦油卷烟、超淡味卷烟和天然卷烟无一例外。

Smoking is harmful to health with the understanding of the thorough popular feeling,The tobacco industry in the global scope to contraction front.Although Europe and the big tobacco enterprise think hard to struggle,Has invented the filter and blended type cigarette,But I can't really change selling death industry essence,Also difficult in flagging.In the United States,The federal court even required tobacco enterprises in the media advertisement,Admit that the low tar and mild cigarette as cigarette harm than ordinary small product false advertising,Deliberately deceived the American public.All cigarette will cause cancer/Lung disease/Heart disease and premature death,Mild cigarette/Low tar cigarette/Super mild cigarette and natural cigarette without exception.

　　然而，令人诧异的是，中国烟草业却能风景这边独好。中国不仅占据着卷烟产量世界第一的位子，销量也是世界第一。3.5亿吸烟者抽掉了全世界40%的卷烟。尽管每年有110万人因烟害而死，但是这个行业依然在“上水平”“培育品牌”。更为奇特的是，不管其主管部门，还是相关企业，都将“减害降焦”列为主要任务，并称获得了相当大的成功。

however,Remarkably,China's tobacco industry but can you've got a great view.China not only occupy the cigarette output world first place,Sales is the world first.350 million smokers smoke off 40% of the world's cigarettes.Although every year 1.1 million people die because of smoke harm,But the industry is still in"Upper level""Cultivating brand".More strange is,No matter the competent department,Or related enterprise,will"Harm reduction of reducing tar"As main task,Saying to gain considerable success.

　　广东五叶神声称，其使用的“神农萃取液”充分运用了中草药资源，结合现代提取分离技术，将吸烟所产生的主流烟气作为整体外源性化合物，采取有效的拮抗措施，以降低吸烟对吸烟者的危害性，提高了卷烟的安全性。五叶神卷烟具有避免肺组织损伤、心脏病和其他疾病发生等多种功效。在吸食者的生理表现上主要是口感好，不咳嗽、不起痰。

Guangdong five leaf god says,The use of the"Shennong extract"To make full use of the resources of Chinese herbal medicine,Combined with the modern extraction and separation technology,Smoking will be produced by the mainstream smoke as a whole extrinsic compound,Take effective measures of antagonism,In order to reduce the harmfulness of smoking on smokers,To improve the safety of cigarette.Five leaf god cigarette has avoid lung tissue damage/Heart disease and other diseases and so on many kinds of efficacy.Smokers in the physiological performance is mainly taste good,Don't cough/Not sputum.

　　该公司还声称中国医学科学院、中国预防医学科学院、中国协和医科大学、中国军事医学科学院、国家测试分析中心、中科院动物研究所、云南药品检测研究所等权威科研机构参与了相关科研检测工作。该公司大事记公开表明，2002年11月，它还获得了中国毒理学会“低危害卷烟”认证。其减害技术更是获得了“国家科技进步奖”。

The company also said Chinese academy of medical sciences/Chinese academy of preventive medicine/Beijing union medical college/China's military academy of medical sciences/National test analysis center/Animal research institute of Chinese academy of sciences/Yunnan institute of drug testing other authoritative research institutions to participate in the relevant scientific research detection work.The company memorabilia openly show,In November 2002,It also won the China toxicology to learn"Less harmful cigarette"The authentication.The harm reduction technology is obtained"National progress prize in science and technology".

　　这一切让作为后起之秀的五叶神产销量迅速攀升。自1999年以来，五叶神累计销量逾200万大箱，合1000亿支，被称为“创造了一个工业神话”。

All these make as a rising star five leaf god volume rising rapidly.Since 1999,Five leaf god accumulative total sales of more than 2 million big box,$100 billion a,called"To create a myth of industry".

　　江西金圣与其相类似，也打着中药入烟降低危害的旗号，通过和中国军事医学科学院、中国毒理学会合作，塑造自己“低害卷烟”的形象，从而获得了商业上的巨大回报。金圣宣传其卷烟具有增强机体细胞抗氧化功能、保护细胞膜、稳定细胞内环境等多种生理、生化功能，与卷烟烟气具有较好的协调性。

JiangXiJin holy and similar,Also a Chinese medicine into the smoke to reduce hazard flag,Through the and Chinese military academy of medical sciences/China toxicology learning to be cooperative,Shape his"Less harmful cigarette"image,In order to gain the huge commercial return.From the cigarette can increase the propaganda body cell antioxidant function/Protection membrane/Stable cell internal environment and so on many kinds of physiological/Biochemical function,And cigarette smoke has good compatibility.

　　金圣的总经理郑伟表示：“‘中式低害’卷烟属于烟草未来的消费趋势，是应用中式的烟草减害技术，具体说是应用了中华民族悠久的中医和中医药学文化传统，同时又不断与时俱进，吸收了现代生物工程技术和卷烟生产工艺。在这个领域，中国人，而且只有中国人能够做得最好，因此，只要我们做到国内第一，实际就是世界领先。”

The general manager of the jin ZhengWei said:"‘Chinese low against’The future belongs to the tobacco cigarette consumption trend,Is the application of Chinese tobacco harm reduction technology,The specific application of the Chinese nation is the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long cultural tradition,At the same time, and constantly to keep pace with The Times,Absorption of the modern biological engineering technology and cigarette production process.In this field,The Chinese,And only Chinese people to do the best,so,As long as we do the domestic first,The actual is the world's leading."

　　金圣的销量略低于五叶神，但18年来也超过了200万大箱。它也是江西省唯一一个上缴税金过100亿元的单一品牌，贡献工商税利比重占全省财政收入的1/14。

Sales of jin slightly less than five leaf god,Eighteen years but also more than 2 million big box.It is also the only one in jiangxi province tax payment of 10 billion yuan a single brand,The proportion of commerce of the provincial total contribution taxes andprofits financial 1/14 of their income.

　　除了五叶神和金圣，中南海、红双喜等也在孜孜不倦于“低焦事业”。事实上，在烟草业已成夕阳之势时，低焦油卷烟正在成为它的新增长点。公开数据显示，2010年，全国低焦油卷烟销量为88.6万箱，同比增长54.9%。2011年1～11月，烟草行业低焦油卷烟累计销售327万箱，同比增幅405%。2012年1～10月，低焦油卷烟的产销量同比增长均超过80%。

In addition to five leaf god and jin,As well as the/Red and so on also in diligence in"Low coke business".In fact,In the tobacco has into the sunset when the potential,Low tar cigarette is becoming the new growth point.Public data display,In 2010,,The low tar cigarette sales for 886000 cases,Year-on-year growth of 54.9%.2011 1 ~ 11 months,Tobacco industry low tar cigarette total sales of 3.27 million cases,The year-on-year growth rate of 405%.January 2012 to October,Low tar cigarette production and sales of the year-on-year increase by more than 80%.

　　

“烟草院士”受到广泛质疑 "Tobacco academician"Widely questioned

　　除了烟草企业风光八面外，相关研究者也名利双收。谢剑平就是其中之一。他正是凭借开发“减害降焦”新技术而被增选为中国工程院院士，进入中国科技界最高殿堂。五叶神“神农萃取液”即是其杰作。

In addition to tobacco enterprise scenery outside eight surface,Related researchers also fame and wealth.XieJianPing is one of them.He is relying on development"Harm reduction of reducing tar"New technology and be add choose for academician of Chinese academy of engineering,To enter the Chinese scientific and technological circles highest palace.Five leaf god"Shennong extract"Is the masterpiece.

　　然而，自谢剑平的名字进入院士之列起，社会各界的反对之声就从来没有平息过。这是中国工程院历史上所没有过的。中国控烟协会先后6次致函该院，阐明所谓的“降焦减害”是多年来烟草业为诱导吸烟人士消费烟草制品所惯用的营销策略，降焦根本不能减害，建议其秉持实事求是的科学精神，撤销谢剑平的院士称号。

however,Since XieJianPing name into the list of the,The social from all walks of life against the sound has never had to.This is the Chinese academy of engineering history of no.China association of tobacco control has 6 times to the hospital,Clarify the so-called"Drop focus on reducing"For many years the tobacco industry is to induce people smoking tobacco consumption used marketing strategies,Reducing tar cannot harm reduction,Suggest the uphold the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts,The title of academician XieJianPing cancellation.

　　中国科学院理论物理研究所研究员庆承瑞则指出，50多年世界性大量样本研究和统计证实，吸烟有害，而且成瘾，一切所谓的减少有害成分如焦油，或自由基等等的努力，已被证明是无效的。谢剑平以一个超乎寻常的结论挑战此共识，需要超乎寻常的证据，可是他的工作没有做到这一点。“神农萃取液”有关介绍明确写道，其达到的效果是“口感第一、低害第二”。既然它的主要目的是改善烟的口味，求得市场的扩大，那无异于给人服毒的同时，还声称给了“解药”，而这“解药”能否解毒是次要的，重要的让毒药口味更好。

The Chinese academy of sciences researcher at the institute for theoretical physics, ChengRui is pointed out,Over fifty years worldwide research and statistics prove a large number of samples,Smoking is harmful to,And addiction,All the so-called reduce harmful ingredients such as tar,Or free radicals and so on efforts,Has been proved to be ineffective.XieJianPing to an exceptional conclusion challenge this consensus,Need extraordinary evidence,But his work did not do this."Shennong extract"The introduction clearly wrote,Its effect is achieved"The first taste/Low against the second".Since the main purpose of it is to improve the taste of cigarettes,For the expansion of the market,That is like poison to the person at the same time,Also claim that gave"antidote",And this"antidote"Whether jiedu is secondary,Important let poison taste better.

　　近日，中国毒理学会脱身“低害卷烟”漩涡后，其副理事长、毒理学家郑玉新则以个人名义表示，五叶神添加的“神农萃取液”并不能降低卷烟的危害，提高人体的安全性。他说，五叶神所提供的依据一个来自大小鼠的动物实验，一个来自体外研究，这都无法证明其广泛宣传的结论。“按照毒理研究的要求，动物实验、筛选实验后面还得有慢性试验、致癌实验和人群研究，可是他们都没有。”

recently,China to escape toxicology"Less harmful cigarette"Whirlpool after,The vice chairman of the/Toxicology home ZhengYu new the personal name said,Five leaf god added"Shennong extract"And does not reduce the harm of cigarette,To improve the security of the human body.He said,Five leaf god provided a basis for big mice from animal experiments,A study from in vitro,This can prove its widely publicized conclusion."According to the requirements of the basic research,Animal experiments/Screening experiment back also have a chronic test/Carcinogenic test and population-based study,But they are not."

　　他还强调，如果一个公司生产的产品自己声称健康风险更低，他们必须证明这种产品确实降低了健康风险，他们必须提供科学证据表明该产品的健康风险更低。而初级的、常规的致死急性毒性指标，目前不能得出中药卷烟对人健康危害减低的结论。并且，这个结果被高级的人群研究结果否定了。

He also stressed,If a company produces the product claimed health risk lower,They have to show that this product is really reduce the health risks,They must provide scientific evidence shows that the product health risk lower.And the primary/The conventional lethal acute toxicity index,At present cannot come to Chinese medicine cigarette to reduce health hazards of the conclusion.and,This result is advanced the results drawn from the crowd.

　　然而，这样的结论已被应用于卷烟生产和宣传材料中。“我认为急性的毒理学指标和体外筛选实验的局限性是被有意或无意地忽视了。”郑玉新说。

however,This conclusion has been used in cigarette production and publicity materials."I think acute toxicology index and in vitro screening experiment limitations are consciously or unconsciously ignored."ZhengYu opinions.

　　即便在中国工程院内部，争议也非常大。该院院士秦伯益与钟南山、巴德年联合103名院士，上书工程院要求取消谢剑平的院士资格。他还在一次会议上当面问谢剑平关于毒理和减害效价等问题，谢“没有回答一句”。

Even in the Chinese academy of engineering internal,Dispute is also very big.The hospital QinBoYi and academician zhong nanshan/BaDeNian joint 103 academicians,Submits to cancel an academician of the Chinese academy of engineering XieJianPing qualification.He is in a meeting face to face XieJianPing asked about toxicology and reduce harm valence problems,thank"Did not answer a word".

　　对于中国工程院的表态，秦伯益表示不能认同。“谢剑平的工作不是没有造假，是造了假的。目前的调查结论没有回答质疑者的问题，答非所问。”他要求工程院进一步责成调查组深度调查，并公布调查结果。

For the Chinese academy of engineering statement,QinBoYi said don't agree with."XieJianPing work is not false,Is made false.The present investigation conclusion didn't answer the question of the problem,That was the wrong answer."He asked the academy of engineering further instruct investigation team depth investigation,And published the results of the survey.

　　秦伯益期望谢剑平能够主动请辞，他说，否则，今年6月的院士大会上，他将建议工程院修改相关章程，再根据新规定对已经是院士的人启动撤销程序。

QinBoYi expect XieJianPing can active resignation,He said,otherwise,In June this year of the meeting,He will propose that academy of engineering change related articles of association,Then according to the new rules for is academician people start the cancellation procedure.

　　

科学与利益的分裂 Science and the interests of the division

　　“谢剑平是一个非常矛盾的现象。”吴宜群在仔细分析了谢剑平的相关著作后发现，一方面，他否定焦油是评估健康的风险指标，认为它不能可靠地反映卷烟的危害变化；另一方面，他却吹嘘自己对降焦的贡献，在给工程院的提名书上把为烟草业制定“减害降焦”的方案视作最大的成绩。另外，谢剑平在其著作中明言，烟草烟雾中有多达8000种化合物，有些尚未完全认知。可是，他又断言只要确定7种化合物就可以评价卷烟危害的高低。

"XieJianPing is a very contradictory phenomenon."In WuYiQun carefully analyzed the related works XieJianPing found,On the one hand,He denied tar is to assess the risk of health indicators,Think it cannot reliably reflect the harm of cigarette changes;On the other hand,But he boasted to drop the contribution of coke,The academy of engineering nomination for the book for the tobacco industry"Harm reduction of reducing tar"Plan as the biggest achievement.In addition,In his book, XieJianPing in protest,Tobacco smoke as much as 8000 compounds,Some has not yet been fully cognitive.but,He just make sure that seven kinds of compound can evaluate the discretion of the cigarette harm.

　　“一开始我不能理解这是为什么。”吴宜群后来想通了，“谢剑平身在烟草业，拿着烟草业的工资，使用烟草业提供的资金，自然做着烟草业需要的事情。他恰恰证明烟草业的利益与公共卫生政策之间存在着根本不可调和的矛盾。”

"At first I couldn't understand why is this."WuYiQun think later,"XieJian stand up after kowtowing in tobacco industry,Take the salary of the tobacco industry,Use of funds provided by the tobacco industry,Natural doing the tobacco industry needs to do.He is just that the interests of the tobacco industry and public health policy between the fundamental irreconcilable conflict."

　　曾为中国疾控中心副主任的杨功焕做了多年的流行病调查，她深知，“低害卷烟”这类产品变着法地促销，是40年前国际烟草商的故伎重演，所不同的是外国添加薄荷等香料，中国加的是中药。世界卫生组织和美国政府已经禁止这种蓄意欺骗的产品，但在中国却通行无阻。这看似是科学真伪之争，其实背后全是利益推动使然。

It was once China CDC the deputy director of the YangGongHuan done years of epidemic survey,She knows,"Less harmful cigarette"This kind of product BianZhaoFa to promotion,Forty years ago international tobacco is the repeat the same tactic,What is different now is that foreign add mint flavor,China and Chinese medicine.The world health organization and the United States government has banned the malicious products,But in China is accessible.This may seem like a science is for authenticity,In fact behind all interests due to promote.

　　“没有哪个行业愿意自动退出历史舞台的，即便是像烟草这样推销死亡的，毕竟它的暴利太让人难以割舍了。然而，中国有自己的国情。那就是特殊的政企合一的体制。国家烟草专卖局和中国烟草总公司是一套班子、两个牌子，形成了一个利益集团。”杨功焕说，吸烟上瘾的不仅是烟草吸食者，还有相关政府部门，“当然，他们是对烟草带来的丰厚利润上瘾”。

"No industry would like to quit the stage of history,Even if is such as tobacco sales of death,After all of the profits it so difficult to give up the.however,China has its own national conditions.That is one of the special functions of the system.The state tobacco monopoly administration and China national tobacco corporation is a group/Two brands,Formed an interest group."YangGongHuan said,Into the habit of smoking tobacco is not only the smokers,And the related government department,"Of course,They are for tobacco addiction bring rich profits".

　　公开数据表明，2010年，中国烟草税收收入超过6000亿元。2011年，这个数字达到7500亿元。

Public data show that,In 2010,,China's tobacco tax revenue more than 600 billion yuan.In 2011,,The figures for $750 billion.

　　不过，杨功焕有另一种算法。她和清华大学教授胡鞍钢共同牵头的一项研究表明，虽然烟草制品能够带来巨额利税和庞大的就业人数，但是它造成的健康危害以及由此产生的经济损失更大，两者的差值为618亿元。

but,YangGongHuan have another algorithm.She and tsinghua university professor sen common lead according to a study,Although tobacco products can bring huge profits and large number of jobs,But it creates health hazard and the resulting economic loss is bigger,The difference for 61.8 billion yuan.

　　在杨功焕看来，现在是必须作出选择的时候了。“一方面，我们已经加入《烟草控制框架公约》，向世界承诺要控制烟草的扩散；另一方面，我们却让谢剑平当选院士，放任他的研究去增进卷烟的销售以获利。这种分裂的局面不能再持续下去。”

In YangGongHuan seems,Now is the time to have to make a choice."On the one hand,We have to join[The framework convention on tobacco control],Promise to the world to control the spread of tobacco;On the other hand,But we let XieJianPing elected academicians,Let his research to promote the sale of cigarettes to profit.This split situation cannot continue."