持续雾霾给人添堵，本市请来专家共商治理良方。战略研讨会上传出好消息—— Sustained fog added to the person,Experts were brought in to discuss the city governance.Strategy conference heard the good news --

PM2.5处理器有望进入家庭 PM2.5 processor is expected to enter the family

　　热热闹闹元宵节，空气污染又添堵——昨天，我国中东部部分地区又现雾霾天气，浙江、上海等持续发布大雾或霾的预警信号。2013年第一个月，申城雾霾日多达14天，空气质量全部达到污染等级，首要污染物均为PM2.5，其中6天更是达到重度污染水平。

Bright Lantern Festival,Air pollution is difficult - yesterday,Parts of the Middle East and now the fog weather in our country,zhejiang/Shanghai sustained fog or haze of warning signs.In 2013 the first month,Shen fog day up to 14 days,All air quality pollution levels,Primary pollutants of PM2.5,Among them 6 days is severely polluted.

　　当恼人的PM2.5，从“不速之客”到“登堂入室”，人们特别渴望获得破解PM2.5的灵药良方。日前在沪举行的PM2.5污染与防治战略研讨会上传出好消息，来自市科委、市大气颗粒物污染与防治重点实验室等单位的官员、专家，商议提出防治和消除良方。

When annoying PM2.5,From the"The intruder"To the"Become more proficient in",People especially eager for crack for a drug to PM2.5.Recently held in Shanghai of PM2.5 pollution and prevention strategy seminar, spread the good news,From the municipal science and technology commission/Municipal key laboratory for the control of air particulate matter pollution and etc of officials/experts,Counsel for prevention and elimination are put forward.

中国式污染 Chinese pollution

　　“我们现在面临的是中国式大气污染，这是伦敦烟雾事件+洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件+中国式浮尘+中国餐饮业排放的综合体，要研究清楚难度很大。”市环境科学研究院副总工程师陈长虹道出了PM2.5研究为何困难重重。针对这一复杂的“大气污染等式”，上海大气颗粒物污染与防治重点实验室于去年底成立，几乎网罗了沪上与空气污染相关的各领域专家，包括市环境监测中心总工程师伏晴艳，研究PM2.5长达20年、一举获得国家自然科学二等奖的复旦大学环境科学与工程系教授庄国顺，复旦大学公共卫生学院教授阚海东等，综合会诊PM2.5。

"We are now facing Chinese air pollution,This is London smog event + + Chinese dust Los Angeles photochemical smog event + complex of Chinese catering industry emissions,Clearly is very difficult to study."City environmental science research institute deputy chief engineer Chen Changhong says the PM2.5 research about why difficult.Aimed at the complex"Equation of air pollution",Shanghai key laboratory for the control of air particulate matter pollution and established at the end of last year,Almost a net Shanghai experts in various fields related to air pollution,Chief engineer FuQingYan including municipal environmental monitoring center,The PM2.5 for 20 years/Won the second prize of national natural science at fudan university department of environmental science and engineering professor ZhuangGuoShun,Fudan university school of public health professor KanHaiDong, etc,Comprehensive consultation PM2.5.

能见度恶化 Deterioration of visibility

　　据该实验室副主任、复旦大学教授杨新介绍，上海的大气污染属于复合型污染，且二次污染较为严重。所谓二次污染，指汽车尾气、燃煤等产生的二氧化硫、氮氧化物在空气中转化为硫酸盐、硝酸盐等污染物，这些污染物的颗粒更小，对人体的危害程度也更大。

According to the deputy director of the laboratory/Fudan university professor Yang Xin is introduced,Shanghai belongs to the compound pollution of air pollution,And secondary pollution is more serious.The so-called secondary pollution,Refers to the vehicle/Sulfur dioxide from burning coal/Nitrogen oxides in air conerted to sulfate/The contaminant such as nitrates,These smaller particles of pollutants,The harm of human body.

　　近几年的监测数据显示，本市空气中的PM2.5浓度整体处于下降趋势，但颗粒更微小的PM1却在逐年上升，其重要原因即在于二次污染一直没有改善。

Monitoring data show that in recent years,The overall decline of PM2.5 concentration in the air in the city,But more small particles of PM1 is rising year by year,The important reason is secondary pollution has not been improved.

　　其实，上海一直在抓空气问题的治理，市环保局十余年的跟踪监测显示，近年来本市空气质量其实是逐步改善的，但是能见度呈现恶化趋势，PM2.5中占80%至90%的PM1是造成能见度低的罪魁祸首。为此，杨新呼吁，上海应大力开展PM1的监测和研究，争取制订一套关于PM1的标准，“PM2.5的标准是美国制订的，在PM1这一领域，上海应尽早完成一个引领性报告。”

In fact,Shanghai has been in the air problems of governance,The municipal environmental protection bureau tracking display of more than ten years,In recent years, the city's air quality is improving,But the visibility showed a trend of deterioration,Accounted for 80% to 90% of PM1 PM2.5 caused low visibility is the culprit.To do this,Yang Xin called for,Shanghai should vigorously carry out PM1 monitoring and research,To formulate a set of standards of PM1,"PM2.5 standard is established in the United States,In the field of PM1,Shanghai should be completed as soon as possible a lead report."

治理需耐心 Management need to be patient

　　市科委早在PM2.5未纳入国标之前，就已在上海大气灰霾污染形成机制和机动车尾气排放控制方面展开了相关研究。PM2.5纳入国标之后，市科委支持高校、科研院所和企业共同推进一批科研项目，并在人为排放清单、汽车尾气治理上有所收获。“中国特别是东部城市地区日益加剧的大气污染是30年经济高速增长的结果，其治理将是一个长期过程，需要有耐心。”杨新说。

Municipal science and technology commission before the PM2.5 was not included in the national standard,Has been in Shanghai atmospheric haze pollution formation mechanism and motor vehicle exhaust emission control aspects of the related research.PM2.5 in gb,The city science and technology commission to support universities/Research institutes and enterprises jointly pushing forward a batch of scientific research projects,And to man-made emissions inventory/Automobile exhaust governance gains."Especially in the eastern city of China increasing air pollution is the result of the high economic growth 30 years,Its governance will be a long process,Need to be patient."Yang Xin said.

样机已问世 Prototype has come out

　　目前，上海科学家正在研制一种PM2.5处理器，样机已完成，室内PM2.5去除率可达90%，小型化后有望进入家庭。市大气颗粒物污染与防治重点实验室主任陈建民向记者透露，由该实验室研制的PM2.5处理器的大致工作原理是将颗粒物雾化，增加颗粒物重量后使其沉降，以此减少空气中颗粒物的含量。已经完成的样机体型庞大，是个高约3米、直径1.5米的圆筒状机器，每小时能处理约100立方米室内空气，PM2.5去除率达到90%。当然室内和室外PM2.5的含量差别很大，在重度污染时，室内的PM2.5含量比室外低50%左右，在非重度污染时，这一数字还会上升到70%左右。

At present,Scientists are developing a PM2.5 processor in Shanghai,Prototype has been completed,Indoor PM2.5 removal rate can reach 90%,Is expected to enter the family after miniaturization.Necessary, director of the municipal key laboratory for the control of air particulate matter pollution and told reporters,By the laboratory of the general principle of PM2.5 processor is the particle atomization,Increased after the settlement of the particulate matter weight,In order to reduce the content of particulate matter in the air.Big prototype has been completed,Is about 3 meters high/1.5 meters in diameter of cylinder machine,Can deal with about 100 cubic meters per hour of indoor air,PM2.5 removal rate reached 90%.Indoor and outdoor PM2.5 levels are very different, of course,When the severe pollution,Of indoor PM2.5 levels about 50% lower than the outside,In the severe pollution,This number will rise to around 70%.

防护看指数 Protection of the index

　　复旦大学公共卫生学院科研团队正在构建“空气质量(雾霾)健康指数”。“今年1月频繁出现的雾霾天，居民门诊、急诊和住院的风险增加了20%至30%，长期持续的PM2.5污染对居民健康的危害值得警惕。”复旦大学公共卫生学院教授阚海东表示，WHO最新评估结果表明，大气PM2.5是我国排名第4的健康危险因素，2010年我国约有120万居民死亡与PM2.5污染相关。他建议，我国相关管理部门应及时推出“雾霾天气健康指数”，让公众对当天的空气质量一目了然，空气质量不佳时采取相应的防护措施。(记者 马亚宁)

Fudan university school of public health, scientific research team is building"The air quality(The fog haze)Health index"."Frequent fog haze days in January this year,Residents of outpatient service/Emergency treatment and hospitalization of the risk increased by 20% to 20%,Long-lasting PM2.5 pollution on the health and well-being of residents alarming."School of public health at fudan university professor KanHaiDong said,Latest assessment results show that the WHO,Atmospheric PM2.5 is China's fourth health risk factors,In 2010 about 1.2 million people dead and PM2.5 pollution in our country.He suggested that,The related management department should promptly launched in our country"The fog haze weather health index",Let the public know clearly about the air quality of the day,Poor air quality, take the corresponding protective measures.(The reporter Ma Yaning)