新年过后，北京的雾霾天气仍然持续，这一反常的天气现象使市民对北京的空气质量产生深深的忧虑。全国政协委员、北京大学口腔医院教授俞光岩告诉记者，在我国，空气污染由来已久，一直饱受国内外人士及媒体诟病。2008年奥运会期间，政府采取了一系列强有力措施，北京市及其周边的空气质量有了显著改善。事实说明，只要政府重视，措施得力，长期未能解决的难题还是有可能解决的。可惜的是，好景不长，奥运会一过，旧病复发，而且愈演愈烈，直至前一段时间，出现大面积严重雾霾。

After the New Year,Beijing haze weather continues,This unusual weather phenomenon that citizens have deep concern on air quality in Beijing.The CPPCC national committee/Stomatological hospital of Beijing university professor YuGuangYan told reporters,In our country,Air pollution has a long history,Has been plagued by people at home and abroad and the media.During the 2008 Olympic Games,The government has adopted a series of strong measures,Beijing and the surrounding air quality has improved significantly.The fact that,As long as the government attaches great importance to the,Correct steps,For a long time failed to help resolve the problems or possible to solve.It is a pity,Soon,,After the Olympic Games,relapse,And worse,Until some time ago,A massive serious fog haze.

　　俞光岩委员进一步解释说，这种大面积雾霾会给广大人民群众的健康产生一系列严重的危害。首先，这种雾霾会刺激人的眼睛引起流泪，刺激咽喉部引起咳嗽等急性上呼吸道症状，尤其是儿童、老年人、体弱者危害更为明显，近期京城呼吸科门急诊量急剧增加便是明证。其次，慢性呼吸道疾病(如慢性阻塞性肺病、支气管哮喘、支气管扩张)以及冠心病患者吸入大量的被污染的颗粒会使病情进一步加重。雾霾还可能导致呼吸道传染病的高发，由于可吸入颗粒极小，表面凸凹不平，其凹面部位可能有水，为致病细菌生长提供良好条件，吸入PM2.5时容易将细菌和病毒带入体内，造成各种呼吸道传染病的流行。更可怕的是PM2.5被吸进人体肺内而无法被呼出，从而被肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬，如果吸入的颗粒过多过快，会进一步损伤气道粘膜和肺泡，引发气道粘膜损伤甚至癌变。

YuGuangYan committee explained further,The fog haze will give the people of this kind of large area to produce a series of serious health hazards.First of all,The fog will stimulate the eyes shed tears,Stimulate the throat caused by acute upper respiratory tract symptoms, including cough,Especially children/The elderly/Infirm harm is more apparent,The recent sharp increase is er visits Beijing respiratory door.The second,Chronic respiratory disease(Such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)/Bronchial asthma/bronchiectasis)And coronary heart disease patients with inhalation of contaminated particles may make the illness even worse.Fog can also lead to high rates of respiratory infectious diseases,Because of the inhalable particles,The surface uneven,The concave parts may have water,Provide good conditions for pathogenic bacteria growth,Inhaled PM2.5 easily when the bacteria and virus into the body,Cause all kinds of respiratory tract infectious disease epidemic.PM2.5 is more terrible to be sucked into the human body and the lungs can be exhaled,To be swallowed up by the alveolar macrophages,If inhaled particles too much too fast,Will further damage the airway mucosa and alveoli,Cause airway mucosal injury even cancer.

　　尽管最近北京市政府采取了一些措施，制定北京市空气重度污染应急预案，并提出一些对策，如限制公车出行等，但收效甚微。为了尽快整治空气污染，提高人民健康水平，俞委员建议：全国大城市应当每天连续监测空气质量，并定时向公众如实报告监测结果，对于隐瞒不报者，一经查出，必须严肃处理。每年定期对外公布空气质量优劣的前五位城市和后五位城市的名单。向全国民众广泛宣传雾霾对人体健康的危害，动员一切社会力量关注空气质量，让广大民众人人关注这项事关民众安危的大事，任何人都不能袖手旁观。群策群力，从我做起，从身边做起，从现在做起，如外出时尽量乘坐公交车或地铁，自觉限放烟花爆竹等。制定空气重度污染日应急预案：包括强令控制公车出行，违者必究；停止建筑拆迁工程；重点排放企业减产减排；增加清扫保洁作业等应急措施。扬尘是空气污染的重要来源，防范颗粒型扬尘是改善空气质量的重要举措。有专家建议，我国黄土高原的各大中城市应设计防范颗粒型扬尘污染的建筑结构，并建立预防扬尘的机制。

Although recently, the Beijing municipal government has taken some measures,Beijing's heavy air pollution emergency plan,And puts forward some countermeasures,Such as restrictions on bus travel,But with little success.As soon as possible in order to control air pollution,Raise the level of the people's health,Shu council recommended:Big cities across the country should continuous monitoring air quality every day,And truthfully report the monitoring results to the public regularly,For the information,Once found,Must be serious to deal with.Every year regularly publish air quality after the top five cities and a list of five cities.To the widespread propaganda and fog the harm to human health,Mobilize all social forces pay close attention to air quality,Let everyone pay attention to the general public is a matter of public safety event,Anyone can't stand idly by.brainstorm,Starts from me,Start from the side,Start from now,As far as possible when going out to take bus or subway,Consciously limit fireworks firecrackers, etc.Develop severe air pollution emergency plan:Including force control of bus travel,Offenders will be over;Stop building demolition project;Key emissions enterprises cut emissions;Increase cleaning cleaning operations and other emergency measures.Dust is an important source of air pollution,Prevent type dust particles is the important measures to improve air quality.Some experts suggest,The cities of China's loess plateau should be designed to prevent particle type dust pollution in the building structure,And establish the mechanism to prevent dust.

　　俞委员指出，造成雾霾的另一重要污染源是汽车的尾气，随着汽车保有量的快速增加，汽车尾气排放对大气污染的影响日益增加。因此为了有效减少雾霾，政府必须下决心控制城市的机动车保有量，根据每个城市有效道路运行能力，制定出该城市机动车，特别是小汽车拥有量的上限，任何城市均不能以各种借口突破这个界限，并尽快彻底清除行使过期以及排放超标的机动车辆。政府有关部门必须尽快实现燃油油品质量升级，制定严格的汽车尾气排放标准。加快国内炼油企业升级改造，确保在汽油柴油标准升级实施时间内如期提供合格的油品。加强油品质量监督，加大超标用油处罚的力度。改变城市规划，不能无限制的扩大城市规模，应以建设中小城市为主。城市楼房越建越高，加之密度过大，使得城市内的空气污染物难以向外扩散。因此，不能盲目追求高层建筑。为了减少空气污染，必须严格控制露天烧烤和焚烧垃圾等违法行为。

Yu committee pointed out that,Another important source of the smog is the car's exhaust,With the rapid increase of car ownership,Vehicle emissions impact on atmospheric pollution is increasing.So in order to effectively reduce the fog haze,The government must make up my mind to control urban vehicle ownership,According to each city road running ability effectively,Make the city motor vehicles,Especially the number of upper limit,Any city can't with all sorts of excuses to break through the boundaries,And wipe out exercise of overdue as soon as possible and the motor vehicle emission levels.The relevant government departments must implement fuel oil quality upgrade as soon as possible,Strict emissions standards for cars.Speed up the upgrading domestic oil refining enterprises,Ensure that in the gasoline diesel standard upgrade implementation period to provide qualified product on schedule.Strengthen product quality supervision,More efforts to standard oil for punishment.Change of city planning,Can't unlimited expansion of city scale,Should give priority to with construction of small and medium-sized cities.City building higher and higher,Combined with the density is too large,Makes it hard for urban air pollutant spread outward.so,Can not blindly pursue high building.In order to reduce air pollution,Must be strictly controlled, outdoor barbecue and burning garbage violations.

　　俞委员建议，由环保部、卫生部、科技部共同设立空气污染与人口健康专项科研项目，研究城乡空气质量与相关疾病的关系，提高与空气污染相关疾病的防治水平。大气污染具有区域性，因此需要建立各省区联防联控机制。我国各地雾霾天气的出现警示环境自洁的能力已经到达了临界点。对于城市的管理者和居民而言，它既是对现代生产方式触碰自然底线的警告，也是对GDP至上思想的反驳，更是对城市规划合理性、城市治理有效性和持续性的挑战。保护环境，人人有责。一个负责任的政府一定要把“以人为本”的口号落到实处，既要对现在负责，更要对未来负责，对子孙负责。（记者 魏炳锋）

Shu council recommended,By the environmental protection/The ministry of health/Ministry of science and technology jointly set up a special research project of air pollution and population health,To study relationship between rural and urban air quality and related diseases,Improve the level of prevention and cure of diseases associated with air pollution.Air pollution has regional,So you need to set up provincial defense mechanism from spreading.Our country the appearance of haze weather warning environment self-cleaning ability has reached a tipping point.For managers, and residents of the city,It is both a warning to touch the bottom line of the natural mode of modern production,Is GDP first thought of,Rationality of urban planning/Urban governance effectiveness and sustainability challenges.To protect the environment,Everybody is responsible for.A responsible government must get"With the person this"The slogan of the implement,Both are responsible for now,Is responsible for the future,Responsible for the children.(The reporter Wei Bingfeng)