(两会权威解读)题：2013，细读万亿“民生大账” (Two authoritative interpretation)problem:2013,Read one trillion"People's livelihood big account"

　　百姓“小账单”对应着政府“大账单”

And the people"Small bills"Corresponds to the government"Large bills"

　　教育、医疗、养老……正在提请十二届全国人大一次会议审议的“大账单”中，百姓“小账单”上这些事尤需细读。

education/medical/Pension...Is drawing the 12th National People's Congress, a meeting review"Large bills"In the,And the people"Small bills"Especially for those to read these things.

　　

民生支出“刚性”增长 五年支出16万亿元 The people's livelihood spending"rigid"Growth in spending $16 trillion for five years

　　民生支出的概念有两个。

The concept of consumer spending, there are two.

　　教育、医疗卫生、社会保障和就业、保障性安居工程、文化这些与人民群众生活直接相关的支出，通常被叫小口径民生。　2013年，中央财政在这些方面支出安排合计15712.5亿元，比上年预算数增长13.5%，比执行数增长9.6%。

education/Medical and health care/Social security and employment/Affordable housing projects/Culture which is directly related to people's life,Usually called small-bore the livelihood of the people.In 2013,,The central government spending in these areas arrangement amounted to 1.57125 trillion yuan,YuSuanShu increased by 13.5% over the previous year,A 9.6% increase compared to the number of executions.

　　还有一个概念是大口径民生，除了上述支出，还包括中央财政用在公共交通运输、节能环保、城乡社区事务等方面与人民群众生活密切相关的支出，2013年，这部分支出合计17150.03亿元。

Another concept is large diameter the livelihood of the people,In addition to the above costs,Also includes the central government on public transportation/Energy conservation and environmental protection/Urban and rural community affairs, etc, is closely related to people's life,In 2013,,This part of the spending amounted to 1.715003 trillion yuan.

　　根据财政部的统计，近五年，中央公共财政用于民生的支出累计16.89万亿元，年均增长21.1%，占中央公共财政总支出比重稳定在三分之二以上。不仅如此，中央对地方税收返还和一般性转移支付，以及地方财政也都体现出民生优先。

According to the statistics of the ministry of finance,Nearly five years,The central public finance spending totaled 16.89 trillion yuan for the livelihood of the people,Average annual growth of 21.1%,The central public finance expenditure proportion of stable at more than two-thirds.Not only that,The central government to the local tax rebates and general transfer payments,As well as local governments have also reflected the people's livelihood is preferred.

　　值得注意的是，在去年以来财政收入增幅下降的背景下，财政支出，特别是保障改善民生的支出“刚性”增长，这也体现出政府保障民生的决心。

It is worth noting,Under the background of financial income growth drop since last year,Fiscal spending,Especially the guarantee to improve the livelihood of the people's spending"rigid"growth,It also reflects the government determination to safeguard the livelihood of the people.

　　全国人大代表、四川阿坝州州长吴泽刚说，确实感受到了财政对民生的扶持，这体现出发展的目的就是为了解决老百姓的利益问题。

The National People's Congress/Aba prefecture in sichuan province governor Wu Zegang said,Really feeling the financial support for people's livelihood,This reflects the purpose of development is to solve the problem of the interests of the people.

　　

医疗卫生支出增长27.1% 保障房建设任务减少 Health care spending growth of 27.1% to reduce housing construction task

　　根据这份“民生大账”，中央财政支出安排为：

According to the"People's livelihood big account",Arrange for the central fiscal expenditure:

　　——教育支出4132.45亿元，增长9.3%。

- education spending of 413.245 billion yuan,Growth of 9.3%.

　　——医药卫生支出2602.53亿元，增长27.1%。

- 260.253 billion yuan of medicine and health care spending,Growth of 27.1%.

　　——社会保障和就业支出6550.81亿元，增长13.9%。

- social security and employment costs 655.081 billion yuan,Growth of 13.9%.

　　——住房保障支出2229.91亿元，比上年预算数增长5.3%，比执行数下降14.3%。

- housing expenditure of 222.991 billion yuan,YuSuanShu increased by 5.3% over the previous year,Than the number of executions fell by 14.3%.

　　针对住房保障支出，预算报告称，主要是上年预算执行中，通过调整支出结构一次性增加了对城镇保障性安居工程等的投入，2013年保障性安居工程建设任务量减少，资金安排重点向公共租赁住房、棚户区改造倾斜。

In view of the housing security,The budget report,Mainly during the implementation of the budget last year,Through adjusting expenditure structure of disposable increased spending on urban low-income housing projects, etc,Reduce the amount 2013 low-income housing project construction tasks,Key to public rental housing arrangements/Shanty towns transformation.

　　民生财政的支出将让百姓切身感受到：

People's livelihood fiscal spending will make people feel:

　　——新型农村合作医疗、城镇居民基本医疗保险的财政补贴标准，由每人每年240元提高到280元，城乡居民基本公共卫生服务经费标准由每人每年25元提高到30元。

- the new rural cooperative medical care/Basic medical insurance for urban residents subsidies standards,Up to 280 yuan from 240 yuan per person per year,Expenditures on basic public health services of urban and rural residents increased from 25 yuan per person per year to 30 yuan.

　　——按照10%左右的标准继续提高企业退休人员基本养老金水平，适当提高城乡居民最低生活保障水平，对中央财政补贴地区继续分别按照月均15元和12元增加补贴。

- in accordance with the standards of around 10% to continue improving enterprise retiree basic pension standard,Improve the level of urban and rural dweller lowest life to ensure appropriate,Financial subsidies to the central region, respectively, according to the average monthly $15 and $12 increase subsidies.

　　……

......

　　“养老、医疗等社会保障网络目前已经建立起来了，现在的主要任务已经转移到逐步完善、稳步提高补贴标准上来。”财政部财科所副所长白景明指出。

"pension/, such as health care, social security network has been established,Now the main task of the transferred to gradually improve/Steadily improve the subsidy standards."Deputy director of the Treasury money kosovo Bai Jingming pointed out.

　　

花最少钱办最多事 “民生大账”尤需晒透晒细 Spend the least money do most things "People's livelihood big account"Especially for those to be sun penetrates the fine

　　伴随着每年财政民生支出规模的稳增，如何将钱用到刀刃上、如何花最少钱办最多事成为代表委员热议的话题。

Along with the scale of annual fiscal spending of the people's livelihood steady increase,How to effective use of resources/How to spend the least money do most things become representatives hot topic.

　　一些代表委员提出，目前，我国对财政资金的关注还是在收支上，而对支出后的实际成本很少考核，这会使得资金的使用缺乏约束，需要加快机制的建设，提高财政资金使用效益。

Some representatives,At present,Our focus on fiscal funds or on the balance of payments,While spending very little actual cost after the inspection,It makes use of funds lack of constraint,Need to accelerate the construction of mechanism,Ensure the efficient use of public funds.

　　全国政协委员、中瑞岳华会计师事务所高级合伙人张连起说：“一些发达国家政府以公开透明、公平和效率为基本原则，对民生类公共项目进行全过程的网络公开披露，披露相关图表、注释、审计报告等信息，这有利于提高民生资金的使用效益，我们需要学习。”

The CPPCC national committee/C&s YueHua certified public accountants, senior partner at Zhang Lianqi said:"Some developed countries with open and transparent government/As the basic principle of efficiency and fairness,In the people's livelihood public project to the whole process of network public disclosure,Disclose the relevant chart/annotation/Audit report and other information,This is helpful to improve people's livelihood capital using efficiency,We need to learn."

　　作为来自基层的代表，黑龙江甘南县兴十四村党总支书记付华廷也说出期待：“政府怎么花钱、花多少钱为百姓干事，百姓尤其关心，想把这些钱花到位，最有效的办法是百姓的监督，这需要花钱的过程公开透明，越透明越好，想办法让老百姓看懂。”(记者 何雨欣 樊曦 王春雨)

As delegates from grassroots,Heilongjiang GanNaXian hing village party secretary FuHuaTing 14 is also looking forward to:"What the government to spend money/Spend how many money, director for the people,Particularly concerned about the people,Want to spend the money in place,The most effective way is to the supervision of the people,This need to spend money on the process of open and transparent,The more transparent, the better,Think of some way to get people to understand."(The reporter He Yuxin FanXi Wang Chunyu)