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　　部分泻药及肠润茶中含有“蒽菎”，长期服用可增加患结肠息肉和大肠癌变的风险

部分泻药及肠润茶In the含有"Anthracene 菎",Long-term use can increase the risk of colon polyps and colon cancer

　　随着现代社会生活节奏的加快，人们的生活习惯和饮食结构发生了很大的改变，便秘的发病率日趋增高，但不少人不太将它当回事，出现症状时多半自行购药或服用保健品“自治”。专家提醒称，偶尔出现便秘，在医生的指导下短期服用药物治疗问题不大，但若长期滥服刺激性的泻药，会产生严重的药物依赖性，药物的用量会越来越大。特别是市面有部分泻药及肠润茶中含有一种称为“蒽菎”的化合物，长期服用可导致结肠黑变病，增加患结肠息肉和大肠癌变的风险。

随着现代社会生活节奏的加快,People's living habits and diet structure, great changes have taken place,The incidence of constipation increased with each passing day,But many people don't too seriously,The most when symptoms on their own to buy medicine or take a supplement"autonomous".Experts warned that,Occasional constipation,In the医生的指导下短期服用药物治疗问题不大,But if long-term excessive take stimulant laxatives,Will have serious drug dependence,The dosage of the drug will be more and more big.特别是市面Some laxative及肠润茶In the含有一种称为"Anthracene 菎"The compound,Long-term use can cause colon melanosis,Increase the risk of colon polyps and colon cancer.

　　文/记者翁淑贤 通讯员庄文斌、吴亮军

文/记者翁淑贤 通讯员庄文斌/Wu Liangjun

　　医学指导/广东药学院附属第一医院消化内科主任何兴祥教授

医学指导/广东药学院附属第一医院消化内科主任何兴祥教授

　　病例：服泻药几个月结肠黑变

病例:Taking cathartic colon is dark for several months

　　张小姐今年29岁，供职于某外企，虽然收入高，工作环境好，但工作量比较繁重，并常常承受着高强度的工作压力。2年前她发现自己开始便秘了，先是2~3天才行一次大便，后来发展到4~5天才一次，而且脸色越来越不好看，脸上经常冒痘，甚至开始长斑。张小姐紧张了，四处打听有没有能迅速解决便秘的良药，后听朋友介绍服用了几个月的“常润茶”，便秘确实有所好转。

张小姐今年29岁,Worked for a foreign company,Although the income is high,Good working environment,But the workload is heavy,And often work under high strength pressure.Two years ago she found herself began to constipation,First 2 or 3 days a shit,Developed to 4 ~ 5 days,And face more and more don't look good,Acne is often on her face,Even started long spot.Miss zhang nervous,Did ask around can quickly solve constipation medicine,After listening to friends take several months"Health tea",Constipation is improved.

　　但没想到几个月后，张小姐发现即使天天喝润肠茶也不管用了。而且，除了便秘外，她还经常觉察到肛门有明显的异物感，心里很不安。到医院看门诊时，医生建议她做结肠镜检查，结果发现她的结肠黏膜变黑了。张小姐吓了一跳，很担心这种病变会诱发肠癌。

但没想到几个月后,Miss zhang found that even drink everyday runchang tea also doesn't work.and,In addition to constipation,She also often perceived a significant foreign body sensation in the anus,The in the mind very uncomfortable.To the hospital to see outpatient service,The doctor advised her to do a colonoscopy,Found her darkened colonic mucosa.Miss zhang got a fright,Very worried about this can cause the bowel lesion.

　　提醒：莫长期服用含蒽菎泻药

提醒:Long-term use of containing anthracene 菎 laxatives

　　“张小姐是一位典型的因长期服用泻药导致的结肠黑变病患者。”广东药学院附属第一医院消化内科主任何兴祥教授解释说，实际上，有部分泻药（如大黄、番泻叶）以及肠润茶中含有一种称为“蒽菎”的化合物，人体若长期服用，会导致大量色素在肠黏膜中沉积，使结肠表面变成黑色，即称为结肠黑变病。

"Miss zhang is a typical of colon black disease caused by long-term use of laxatives."He xx, director of the guangdong college of pharmacy affiliated first hospital digestive internal medicine professor explains,In fact,Some laxative(Such as rhubarb/senna)以及肠润茶In the含有一种称为"Anthracene 菎"The compound,The human body if long-term use,会导致大量色素In the肠黏膜In the沉积,Surface of the colon becomes black,Called the colon melanosis.

　　“但已查出结肠黑变病的患者也不用恐慌，相对而言，这是一种非炎症的可逆性疾病。”何兴祥提醒说，国内外的许多医学专家都认为，结肠黑变病虽然是一种良性，但有增加结肠息肉和大肠癌变的风险。只要停止服用泻药，通过合理的治疗和良好的生活习惯培养，尽快形成规律排便、正常清肠，结肠黏膜的黑色素沉着不再加深，便能逐渐好转。

"But has been found to patients with colon melanosis also need not panic,In relative terms,This is a kind of inflammation reversibility disease."He xx reminding that,At home and abroad of many medical experts have thought,Although the colon melanosis is a kind of benign,But there is an increased risk of colon polyps and colon cancer.As long as stopped taking laxatives,Through the reasonable treatment and good living habits,The regular bowel movements. As soon as possible/Im is a temperamental predominance,Colonic mucosa of melanin cool no longer,Can be gradually improved.

　　释因：便秘多因肠道蠕动乏力

释因:Constipation intestinal peristalsis more weak

　　何兴祥指出，人体排便是一个条件反射活动，即外周感觉器感受便意，通过神经传导系统将便意传达到大脑神经中枢，中枢发出排便指令，令肠道排便肌群收缩，完成排便活动。临床上，在排除其他器质性疾病情况下，便秘的发生绝大多数是因为肠道肌群缺乏足够主动蠕动所致。

He xx points out,The human body is a conditioned reflex activity,The peripheral sensory experience meaning is,通过神经传导系统将便意传达到大脑神经In the枢,In the枢发出排便指令,Make the intestinal bowel muscle contraction,Complete bowel activity.The clinical,In the排除其他器质性疾病情况下,Constipation occurs because the vast majority of intestinal muscle group lack active peristalsis.

　　而随着现代社会生活节奏的加快，人们的生活习惯和饮食结构发生了很大的改变，便秘的发病率日趋增高。便秘主要是指排便次数减少、粪便量减少、粪便干结、排便费力等，一般每2～3天或更长时间排便一次，或是每周排便少于3次。大量研究已证明，压力大、焦虑、抑郁等精神心理问题可能会引发甚至加重便秘的症状。

而随着现代社会生活节奏的加快,People's living habits and diet structure, great changes have taken place,The incidence of constipation increased with each passing day.Constipation is mainly used to denote an increase in stool frequency reduced/Waste reduction in the/Stool stem node/Defecation effort, etc.,Generally every 2 ~ 3 days or longer defecate once,Or bowel movement is less than 3 times a week.A number of studies have proved,Pressure big/anxiety/Depression and other mental problems may lead to or aggravate the symptoms of constipation.

　　治疗：生物反馈疗法给肠子“做按摩”

治疗:Biofeedback therapy to the intestines"A massage"

　　“偶尔出现便秘，在医生的指导下短期服用药物治疗问题不大，但若长期滥服刺激性的泻药，会产生严重的药物依赖性，药物的用量会越来越大。”何兴祥指出，长期大剂量的药物刺激一旦损伤肠壁神经末梢和肌肉组织，便秘可能由功能性病变发展为难以治疗的器质性病变，即顽固性便秘。

"Occasional constipation,In the医生的指导下短期服用药物治疗问题不大,But if long-term excessive take stimulant laxatives,Will have serious drug dependence,The dosage of the drug will be more and more big."He xx points out,Long-term large dose of the drug to stimulate intestines once the injury nerve endings and muscles,Constipation may be composed of functional lesion development is difficult to treat organic disease,The stubborn sex constipation.

　　“其实除了短时间内合理用药，还可以尝试通过理疗，给肠子做‘按摩’来缓解便秘。”何兴祥介绍说，生物反馈疗法是目前临床上普遍使用的一种重要的行为治疗方法。治疗时，医生利用一个带数据显示屏的生物感受探头，将感受探头放入患者肛门直肠内，根据仪器上反馈的数据指导患者进行增加腹压、用力排便，或是做肛提肌训练等动作，并且通过数据变化，对应调整训练内容和强度，最终达到提高便秘者肠道运动与肛门收缩的协调性，帮助其自发排便。这种治疗无创、易受，避开了药物的不良反应，但每次需要半个小时左右，一个疗程大概10次，有些工作太忙的患者确实难以坚持。

"In fact the rational use of drugs in addition to a short time,Can try through physical therapy,To do for the intestines‘massage’To relieve constipation."He xx said,Biofeedback therapy is now used widely in clinical treatment is an important behavior.When the treatment,医生利用一个带According to data屏的生物感受探头,Will probe into the patients' anal rectum,According to the instrument on feedback data to guide patients with increased abdominal pressure/Forcibly defecate,Or do anal levator muscle training, etc,And through the data changes,Corresponding to adjust the training content and intensity,Eventually to improve constipation bowel movement and the anal contraction of the coordination,Help the spontaneous bowel movements.The noninvasive treatment/Vulnerable to,Avoid the adverse reactions of drugs,But need about half an hour at a time,A course of about 10 times,Some patients too busy working really hard to insist.

　　支招：

支招:

　　养成良好生活习惯防便秘

养成良好生活习惯防便秘

　　“无论如何，预防和改善便秘的症状都不能长期靠药物。”何兴祥强调，日常生活习惯包括饮食结构的调整更为重要。他给出如下几点建议：

"No matter how,Prevent and improve the symptoms of constipation can't rely on drugs for a long time."He xx stressed,Includes daily habits and diet adjustment is more important.He gave several Suggestions as follows:

　　1.合理膳食，日常增加纤维素和水分的摄入，多吃蔬菜水果；

1.合理膳食,Daily increase the intake of fiber and water,Eat more fruits and vegetables;

　　2.适度运动，增加胃肠的蠕动以促进排便；

2.适度运动,Increase the gastrointestinal peristalsis to promote bowel movements;

　　3.养成良好的排便习惯，做到每天定时排便，利用生理活动规律建立排便条件反射，特别需要提醒的是排便时不要看报玩手机；

3.养成良好的排便习惯,Do regular bowel movements a day,The defecation reflex was established based on physiological activity rules,Special need to remind is reading newspapers don't play mobile phone during defecation;

　　4.一旦出现便秘，不要乱吃药，最好上医院咨询，在医生的指导下酌情用药或生物反馈等方法治疗。

4.一旦出现便秘,Do not take medicine in disorder,The best hospital consulting,In the医生的指导下酌情用药或生物反馈等方法治疗.