（记者乔军伟摄）

(Reporter Qiao Junwei perturbation)

　　●目前精液的检测仅限于形态检查而不是功能性检查

When only used for the detection of sperm morphology examination rather than functional check

　　●精液正常未必一定能生，精液不正常未必绝对不能生

Low sperm normal can be born,Semen is not normal not necessarily absolute can't born

　　●工作压力、饮食习惯、睡眠、情绪等都会影响精液质量

Low working pressure/Eating habits/sleep/Emotion will affect the quality of semen

　　在诊治男性不育的过程中，做精液常规检查是不可或缺的内容，其中精液分析是男性生育力的重要指标。然而，一张临床精液分析报告单，所列指标动辄四五十项，哪些指标最重要？哪些指标关乎男性“能不能生”？专家介绍，判断男性精液是否正常，主要看精液量、精子密度、精子活动力、精子畸形率、精液PH值、精子成活率等指标。不过，专家也提醒，目前精液检测都仅限于形态检查，而不是功能性检查，男性能不能生育，精液报告并不是“铁标准”。精液正常的男子未必一定就能够生育，精液不正常的男子也未必绝对不能生育。

In the process of make a diagnosis and give treatment of male infertility,Make semen routine inspection is an indispensable content,The semen analysis is an important indicator of male fertility.however,A clinical semen analysis report,Indicators listed at 40 or 50 items,What are the most important indicators?What indicators about men"Can you have"?Expert introduction,Whether men's semen is normal,Basically see semen volume/Sperm density/Sperm motility/Sperm malformation rate/Semen PH/Sperm survival rate, etc.but,Experts also remind,The semen testing is limited to check form,Rather than functional check,Can male fertility,Semen is not report"Iron standard".Semen is normal man is not necessarily able to birth,Semen is not normal is not absolutely can not have children of men.

　　如何看精液分析报告单？ How to see the semen analysis report?

　　精液量： Semen volume:

　　正常数值范围是2～6毫升 Normal value range is 2 ~ 6 ml

　　精液量是指每次射精排出的数量。广州医学院第三附属医院生殖医学中心主任医师龙晓林介绍，正常的精液量是2～6毫升，最低需要1.5～2毫升，如果低于这个数值，就说明精液量有点少了，甚至可能是少精症。当然，精液量也并不是越多越好，如果精液量太多，需要排除是不是病态的“多”。

Semen volume refers to the number of each ejaculation eduction.The third guangzhou medical college affiliated hospital, director of the center for reproductive medicine doctors Long Xiaolin is introduced,Normal semen volume is 2 ~ 6 ml,The minimum required 1.5 ~ 2 ml,If less than this value,Means that semen volume is a little less,May even be less refined.Of course,,Semen volume is not the more the better,If semen quantity too much,If need to eliminate morbid"More than".

　　精子密度： Sperm density:

　　每毫升1500万算正常 15 million per milliliter is normal

　　精子密度是指单位体积内精子的数量。龙晓林说，现在，精子密度能达到每毫升1500万就已经算是正常了。然而，在30年前，精子密度要求达到每毫升6000万～2亿。“可以说，现在男性的生殖能力已经大大退化。这种退化跟现在的环境以及人们的生活方式不无关系。比如现在人们开车的多了，走路的少了，长时间坐着的人多了，运动少了。”

Sperm density refers to the number of sperm per unit volume.Long Xiaolin said,now,Sperm density can reach 15 million per milliliter has been regarded as normal.however,In the thirty years ago,Sperm density requirements per milliliter of 60 million ~ 200 million."Can say,Now male reproductive ability has been greatly degraded.This degradation with environment and people's life style now.Such as more people driving now,Less walk,More people sitting for a long time,Less movement."

　　他介绍，精子密度少于1500万/毫升，属于少精症，精子进入子宫腔及输卵管的机会就会减少，从而导致受孕能力降低；但如果超过2亿/毫升，则属于多精症，精子活动力会受到影响，同样也会影响精子受孕的能力。因此，精子密度过高、过低甚至无精，都是男性不育因素。

He introduced,Sperm density less than 15 million per milliliter,Belongs to the less refined disease,Sperm into the uterine cavity and tubal chance will be reduce,Which results in the decrease of fertility ability;But if more than 200 million/ml,Belong to more than fine,Sperm activity would be affected,Will also affect the ability of sperm.so,Sperm density is too high/Too low or even no good,Are all male infertility factors.

　　

精子活动力： Sperm motility:

　　直线前向运动精子要≥32% Straight forward movement of the sperm to 32% or higher

　　精子的活动力一般分四级。0级指无活动的精子；1级指在原地活动的精子；2级为缓慢向前曲线游动的精子；3级为直线向前游动的精子；4级为快速直线向前游动的精子。一般情况下，3级以上的精子，才有可能使卵子受精。要成功受孕，一般要求3级精子加上4级精子的比例要大于32%。

Sperm motility (four levels in general.Level 0 means no activity of sperm;Level 1 refers to the in situ activity of sperm;Level 2 for sperm swam slowly forward curve;Level 3 for the straight forward swimming sperm;4 levels of sperm to swim fast straight forward.Under normal circumstances,More than 3 levels of sperm,Is likely to fertilize eggs.To a successful pregnancy,Sperm generally requires level 3 plus 4 grade sperm percentage is greater than 32%.

　

　精子成活率和畸形率： Sperm survival rate and deformity rate:

　　分别为58%以上和96%以下 Below are more than 58% and 58% respectively

　　龙晓林介绍，精子的成活率也很重要。成活率通常是指在射精后一小时内，具有活动能力的精子比例。正常的情况下，精子的成活率要在58%以上。

Long Xiaolin introduction,Sperm survival rate is also very important.Usually refers to the survival rate after ejaculation within an hour,Sperm percentage with activity ability.Normal circumstances,Sperm survival rate to above 58%.

　　同样，精子的畸形率也影响着精子的受孕能力。精子畸形率在92%以下是一个比较理想的指标。“如果能够在96%以下也算是及格了。”事实上，精子成活率和畸形率的标准也已经降低了。

The same,Sperm malformation rate also affects sperm fertility ability.Sperm malformation rate below 92% is a relatively ideal indicators."If it can be under 96% is a pass."In fact,,Sperm survival rate and deformity rate of the standard has also decreased.

　　精液PH值： Semen PH:

　　大部分稳定在7.1左右 Most stable at about 7.1

　　龙晓林介绍，精液酸碱度正常的情况下，大部分的精液PH值稳定在7.1左右。过高或过低都可能是因为有炎症。有炎症，自然也会影响受孕。

Long Xiaolin introduction,Under the condition of normal semen ph,Most of the semen PH stable at about 7.1.Too high or too low are likely to be because of inflammation.Have inflammation,Nature also can affect fertility.

　　精液颜色： Semen is color:

　　定期排精男性精液为乳白色 Regular spermiation male semen as ivory

　　此外，精液的外观也需要重视。在正常情况下，如果是定期排精的男性，精液应当是乳白色的；如果比较长的时间没有排精，精液的颜色会呈淡黄色；如果精液的颜色发红，可能精液内有血；如果精液的颜色很黄，很稠，则可能是有脓细胞了。

In addition,The appearance of semen also need attention.Under normal circumstances,If it is a regular line of fine men,Semen is supposed to be ivory;If long time no spermiation,The color of semen will pale yellow;If its color is red,May be semen contains blood;If semen is yellow in colour,Very thick,May be have pus cells.

　　判断精液质量 Judgment of semen quality

　　需要检查三次 Need to check three times

　　“精液检测的所有这些指标都是灵活的。”广州医学院第三附属医院生殖医学中心生殖男科安庚博士说，影响精液质量的因素有很多，其中包括先天因素，比如睾丸先天发育不好；也包括后天因素，比如工作压力、饮食习惯、睡眠、情绪都可能影响精液的质量。因此，即使是一个人，每次检查，他的精液质量未必都是一样的。

"Semen tested all these indicators are flexible."The third guangzhou medical college affiliated hospital Dr Male reproductive AnGeng reproductive medical center said,There are many factors that can affect the quality of semen,Including the innate factors,Such as congenital testicular development;Also includes factors the day after tomorrow,Such as work pressure/Eating habits/sleep/Emotions can affect sperm quality.so,Even a person,Each check,His semen quality all are not the same.

　　“因此，即使第一次检查时精液不正常，也不一定表示他的精液不正常。”他说，一般来说需要在不同的时间点检查三次才能进行判断，了解患者精液参数的波动区间。

"so,Even if the first check when abnormal semen,Does not necessarily said his semen abnormal."He said,In general need to check three times at different time points to judge,Understand the patients semen parameters fluctuation range.

　　精液质量检查 Semen quality inspection

　　不是能否生育的唯一标准 Can not have the only standard

　　“目前，所有的精液检查都是形态检查，还没法做功能性检查。”安庚说，因此，精液是否正常不是评判能否生育的“铁标准”，因为影响生育的因素也有很多。

"At present,Check all semen examination forms,Still can't do functional check."AnGeng said,so,Semen is normal can not judge"Iron standard",Because the factors that affect fertility also has a lot of.

　　他说，精液正常未必就一定能生育，因为仍不能排除一些免疫因素或其他尚未被认识的因素造成的男性不育症。“比如有的夫妻，男方精子和女方卵子质量都没有问题，但就是怀不上。”这主要是存在精子和卵子结合障碍的问题。

He said,Normal sperm are not necessarily must be fertile,Because still can't rule out some immune factors or other factors that have yet to be known cause of male infertility."Some husband and wife,The man sperm and her egg quality is no problem,But bosom not on it."This is mainly a sperm and egg combine obstacle problem.

　　同样，精液不正常也未必就一定不能生育。“比如有的男性精子密度虽然少于2千万/毫升，但由于其精子的活动力强，畸形率低，或妻子的生育能力特别强，也可能成功怀孕。”因此，一份精液化验单，需要对各项检查的结果进行综合分析。需要注意的是，男性不育的原因十分复杂，睾丸因素、输精管堵塞、射精障碍等都可能是不育因素。同时，也要考虑其配偶的生育能力。　　文/记者黄蓉芳 通讯员黄贤君

The same,Semen is not normal and are not necessarily must not baby."Although some male sperm density less than 20 million per milliliter,But because of its strong sperm motility,Deformity rate is low,Particularly strong or wife's fertility,Can also be successful pregnancy."so,A semen of assay,Need a comprehensive analysis of the results of the inspection.It is important to note,The cause of the male infertility is complicated,Testicular factors/Vas deferens jam/Ejaculatory dysfunction, etc can all be infertile factors.At the same time,Also want to consider the fertility of their spouses.Wen/Huang Rongfang correspondent Huang Xianjun journalist