被国内一些女性视为去痘“良药”的避孕药达英-35(Diane-35)近日在欧洲遭到调查，被指存在增加血管性栓塞风险。这款来自德国拜耳制药的老牌避孕药，目前已相继在法国和荷兰停售。

By some Chinese women as inside fire"Good medicine"Birth control pills taie - 35(Diane - 35)By investigation in Europe recently,Is refers to the increased risk of vascular embolism.The established from Germany, bayer, birth control pills,Has subsequently discontinued in France and the Netherlands.

　　清华大学第一附属医院药剂科主管药师万里燕在接受本报记者采访时强调，避孕药本身是由雌激素和孕激素组成的复方制剂，存在诱发血栓形成的可能，建议女性在服用避孕药时，最好能咨询医生权衡利弊。

Tsinghua university first affiliated hospital pharmacy department director pharmacist Wan Liyan stressed in an interview with our reporter,The pill itself is made up of estrogen and progesterone compound preparations,May induce thrombosis,Suggested that women taking birth control pills,It is best to consult your doctor to weigh the pros and cons.

国内尚未对该药进行调查 Has not yet been investigating the drug in China

　　目前欧洲药物管理局已开始针对达英-35安全性评价展开大规模的调查，最终结果或将于9月份公布。

The European drug administration (fda) has begun to reach the safety evaluation on large scale in the investigation,The final result or will be published in September.

　　4月25日，记者登录国家食品药品监督管理局网站查询，达英-35于1994年进入中国市场，目前国内尚无针对该药的调查记录。

On April 25,,Reporter login state food and drug administration website,Taie - 35 in 1994 to enter the Chinese market,At present there is no record for the drug.

　　不过，国家食品药品监督管理局药品评价中心专家孙忠实在接受采访时表示，长效避孕药中含有雌激素和孕激素，长时间服用雌激素确实会增加血管栓塞的风险，这个验证数据在很多年前就已经确认了。

but,The state food and drug administration drug evaluation center experts loyal sun said in an interview,Long-term birth control pills containing estrogen and progestin,For a long time to estrogen does increase the risk of vascular embolism,The validation data has been confirmed in many years ago.

　　万里燕则分析，早在20世纪70年代就有流行病学调查研究提示，口服避孕药可能会增加心血管病的风险，尤其是那些曾有心血管病的患者。后来改进了口服避孕药的成分，雌激素含量有所下降，但仍然是一个显著的危险因素。达英-35含炔雌醇0.035mg，虽然含量较低，但也有可能会增加血栓形成的危险性，其说明书特别指出，对于有血栓形成的病史或前驱症状(短暂性脑缺血发作、心绞痛)，累及血管的糖尿病，具有多种导致血栓形成的危险因素如抽烟、高血压、血脂、肥胖、心脏瓣膜病、心房纤颤、高龄、长时间不动等禁止或慎重使用该药。

Wan Liyan is analysis,In the early 1970 s has epidemiological studies suggest,Birth control pills may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease,Especially those who have a heart vascular disease patients.Then improved the composition of an oral contraceptive,Estrogen levels decline,But it is still a significant risk factor.Taie - 35 with ethinylestradiol 0.035 mg,Although content is low,But there are also may increase the risk of thrombosis,The instruction noted,Has a history of thrombosis or prodromal symptoms(Transient ischemic attack/Angina pectoris),Diabetes affects blood vessels,Has a variety of leading to thrombosis risk factors such as smoking/High blood pressure/Blood fat/obesity/Valvular heart disease/Atrial fibrillation/Old age/Long time without moving, prohibited or use of the drug.

短效避孕药副作用较小 A short-acting contraceptives side effect is small

　　科学避孕无疑利于女性身心健康。不过，市场上避孕药物种类繁多，女性到底该如何选择？

Scientific contraceptive is undoubtedly conducive to women's physical and mental health.but,There are many different kinds of birth control pills on the market,Women how to choose?

　　万里燕表示，目前市场上的避孕药多是由不同类型的雌激素和孕激素配伍组成的复方制剂，按作用时间一般可分为长效避孕药、短效避孕药、速效避孕药、紧急避孕药。一般来说，紧急避孕药不作为常规避孕方式推荐，因为其副作用较大。

Wan Liyan said,Birth control pills on the market at present is composed of different types of estrogen and progesterone compatibility of compound preparations,According to the duration generally can be divided into long-acting contraceptives/A short-acting contraceptives/Short-acting contraceptives/Emergency contraception.In general,Emergency contraception is not recommended for routine,Because of its side effect is bigger.

　　长效避孕药优点是使用方便，一月服用一次即可，避孕效果可达98%以上，但是由于一次摄入激素量较大，不良反应也较多，目前已不提倡使用。短效避孕药是近年来使用较多的一类避孕药，复方制剂能显著地抑制排卵，避孕效果达99%，由于该药雌激素含量较低，不良反应相对较少，目前应用比较普遍。

Long-acting contraceptives advantage is easy to use,In January to take,避孕效果可达98%In order to上,But because of a large dose hormone,Or more adverse reactions,At present has not recommended use.Short-acting contraceptives is widely used in recent years of birth control pills,Compound preparation could significantly inhibit ovulation,Birth control effect of 99%,Due to its low estrogen levels,Relatively few adverse reactions,For the more common use.

服药避孕避开“雷区” Taking contraceptive to avoid"A minefield"

　　万里燕提醒，各类避孕药并非有效率都是百分百，在使用时更需严格遵守说明才能保证避孕成功。

Wan Liyan remind,Not effectively all kinds of birth control pills are absolutely,When use more need to strictly abide by the instructions to ensure success of contraception.

　　除了严格遵守时间、剂量服药外，想要避孕成功，在服用药物避孕期间，还需要避开一些特定药物，否则可能影响效果。例如有一些药物会影响避孕药的疗效，如抗癫痫药(苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠、卡马西平)、抗生素(如青霉素)，抗结核药(如利福平)等。

In addition to strictly abide by the time/Dose for outside,To be successful birth control,During the medication contraception,You also need to avoid certain drugs,Otherwise may affect the effect.For example some drugs can affect the curative effect of the pill,Such as antiepileptic drugs(phenobarbital/Phenytoin sodium/carbamazepine)/antibiotics(Such as penicillin),Anti-tb drugs(Such as the rifampicin), etc..

　　此外，针对有些人会服用避孕药来祛痘的做法，万里燕表示，痘痘的产生与体内激素分泌异常有一定的关系，服用避孕药可能会起到一定的效果，但那只是暂时的，而且避孕药主要抑制女性排卵，长期使用可能会影响女性的生理周期，因此不建议使用。

In addition,For some people the practice of birth control pills for acne removing,Wan Liyan said,Blain blain production have a certain relationship with abnormal hormone secretion,服用避孕药可能会since到一定的效果,But that was only temporary,And the pill mainly inhibit ovulation,Long-term use may affect a woman's menstrual cycle,so不建议使用.

　　记者朱瑞娟   漫画谢瑶

The reporter Zhu Ruijuan   Comic Xie Yao