女性健康隐患常与内分泌系统功能失衡有关 　 Women's health risks are often associated with endocrine function imbalance

月经初潮、生育、绝经前后是内分泌功能“拨乱反正”的三大时期 menstruation/fertility/Before and after menopause is endocrine function"right"Of the three times

　　养生要使“巧劲”。女性养生，重在呵护内分泌系统的正常运转。专家指出，在女性的一生中，内分泌功能有三次“拨乱反正”的机会。平时保养不当的女性以及家有女儿的父母，如果抓住这三次“重塑期”，从营养、运动、睡眠、心态四方面入手进行调理，就能起到事半功倍的效果。

Preserve one's health to make"QiaoJin".Women's health,Emphasis on protecting the normal operation of the endocrine system.Experts point out that,In women's life,There are three times endocrine function"right"The opportunity to.Women usually maintain undeserved and home with her parents,If take this three times"Reshape the period",From nutrition/movement/sleep/Four aspects to regulate mood,就能since到事半功倍的效果.

　　女性出现健康问题，往往和内分泌功能紊乱有关。“现在有些女性保健品广告经常恐吓消费者，宣称‘出现黑眼圈、雀斑、皱纹增多，都是内分泌系统出了问题’，有些夸张。”陈燕铭指出，部分内分泌紊乱患者的确会出现上述症状，但并非吃了保健品就会改善。内分泌紊乱的警报，更主要的表现为痛经、月经紊乱。

Women's health problems,Often related to endocrine disorders."Now some women health care products advertising often threaten consumers,Claims that‘Appear black rim of the eye/freckles/wrinkled,Are problems with the endocrine system’,exaggerated."Chen Yanming pointed out,Part of the endocrine disorder patients may appear afore-mentioned symptoms,But not eat health products will improve.Endocrine disorder of the alarm,Main performance for dysmenorrhea/Menstrual disorders.

　　要改善内分泌功能，就不能忽视女性的三大内分泌功能“重塑期”，分别是月经初潮、生育前后和绝经前后。“在此期间，女性的内分泌功能得以重新构建和分配。”陈燕铭指出，要顺利度过这三个重要时期，就要写好四个萦绕女性一生的关键词，即“营养、运动、睡眠、心态”。

To improve the endocrine function,Can't ignore three endocrine function in women"Reshape the period",Is menstruation, respectively/Before and after birth and before and after menopause."During this period,Women and rebuild the endocrine function of distribution."Chen Yanming pointed out,To smoothly through the three important period,Will write four keywords swirled around women,That is"nutrition/movement/sleep/State of mind".

月经初潮： menstruation:

首度内分泌功能构建 Endocrine function building for the first time

　　尤其是营养和运动，前者容易受到过度重视，后者则容易被爱静的女性所忽略。长期营养过度且缺乏运动，可增加高血压、糖尿病、痛风、冠心病、脑卒中、胆囊炎以及肿瘤，如大肠癌等疾病的患病风险。

Especially the nutrition and exercise,The former vulnerable to excessively,The latter is easily ignored by women love is static.Long-term excessive nutrition and lack of exercise,Can increase the high blood pressure/diabetes/gout/Coronary heart disease/stroke/Cholecystitis and tumor,Diseases such as such as colorectal cancer risk.

　　初潮年龄通常为10~12岁，这也是女性出生以来第一次，也是最重要的内分泌功能构建期。“如果在这一阶段没有打下良好的基础，会给一生埋下健康隐患。”陈燕铭说，这样的例子并不少见。

Menarche age is usually 10 ~ 12 years old,It is also women for the first time since the birth,And most important endocrine function building period."If not at this stage to lay a good foundation,Can give a lifetime buried health concerns."Chen Yanming said,Such examples are not uncommon.

　　10岁女孩小兰小小年纪就患上甲状腺功能亢进。分析病因时，医生发现除了遗传的影响外，家庭关系紧张也是重要原因。小兰的父母已经离异，各自组成家庭，很少探视她。她独自跟着外婆生活，心情压抑，加上每天饥一顿饱一顿，经常吃零食，营养摄入也不够。上述不良因素叠加，导致她内分泌紊乱。

10 year-old girl xiao LAN thyroid function hyperfunction at an early age.The analysis of the cause,The doctor discovered that besides genetic influence,Tensions within the family is also important reasons.Xiao LAN's parents have divorced,Their family,Seldom to visit her.She followed grandmother lives alone,depressed,Plus the hunger meals every day,Often eat snacks,Nutrition is not enough.The superposition of adverse factors,Led to her endocrine disorder.

　　陈燕铭指出，这一阶段女性面临的突出问题是生长发育。家长需要注意给女儿补充营养，尤其是适量增加蛋白质的摄入，保证户外运动时间。如果营养不足、接受光照的时间不够，会影响长高，而过度营养摄入则会导致青春期肥胖甚至儿童糖尿病。繁重的学习带来的心理压力也不能忽视。家长要关注女儿的情绪变化，及时给女儿关爱、支持和理解，给她的心灵减压。

Chen Yanming pointed out,This stage women face a prominent problem is that the growth and development.Parents need to pay attention to giving her compensatory nutrition,Especially right amount increased protein intake,Ensure that outdoor sports time.If poor nutrition/Time is not enough light,Will affect the growth,While excessive nutrient intake can lead to diabetes in children and adolescent obesity is even.Heavy study bring the psychological pressure of cannot be ignored.Parents should pay attention to the daughter's mood changes,In a timely manner to his daughter/Support and understanding,Take pressure off her mind.

生育期： The growth period:

女人的第二次投胎 The second born of women

　　生育被称为女人的“第二次投胎”。从怀孕到分娩后，女性体内的激素水平急剧变化，自身免疫功能也在调整。“这一过程中，女性需要保持充足的睡眠和营养摄入，心情愉悦。”陈燕铭说，这一时期特别突出的问题是睡眠、营养和心理。如果睡眠和营养摄入不足，或者因缺乏家人关怀和支持而心情抑郁，就容易出现内分泌紊乱，而产后抑郁、产后甲状腺炎、产后甲亢的发生都与生育期内分泌紊乱有关系。

Birth is referred to as a woman"The second reborn".From conception to birth,Rapid changes in hormone levels in women,Immune function also in adjustment."In this process,Women need to keep enough sleep and nutrition,Who is happy."Chen Yanming said,This particular problem is to sleep period/Nutrition, and psychology.If insufficient sleep and nutrition,Or depression due to lack of family care and support,Is prone to endocrine disorders,And postpartum depression/Postpartum thyroiditis/The occurrence of postpartum hyperthyroidism have a connection with growth period endocrine disorder.

　　孕产期营养摄入过多，容易诱发妊娠糖尿病和产后糖尿病。“如今孕产期糖尿病发病率走高，有些女性误以为糖尿病只影响自己，却不知道病情也会危及宝宝。”陈燕铭说，流产、畸胎、巨大儿、早产等都和血糖水平过高有关。

Maternal nutrition intake too much,Gestational diabetes mellitus easily induced and postpartum diabetes."Nowadays maternal diabetes rates higher,Some women think diabetes affects only yourself,But don't know his condition also can endanger the baby."Chen Yanming said,abortion/teras/macrosomia/Preterm birth is associated with high blood sugar levels.

绝经期： menopause:

补欠账“过犹不及” For default"Too much of a good thing"

　　绝经期是雌孕激素交锋的特殊时期。过去占主导地位的雌激素从巅峰水平坠落，而孕激素水平上升，同时出现钙丢失、骨质疏松等问题。除了面临更年期综合征的考验，绝经期后，职业女性大多步入退休年龄，生活重心转移带来的心理压力也不可忽视。

Menopause is a special period of female progestational hormone clash.In the past the dominant estrogen fall from peak levels,While the rise in progesterone levels,At the same time calcium loss/Problems such as osteoporosis.In addition to facing the test of climacteric syndrome,After menopause,Most of professional women in the age of retirement,Psychological pressure caused by the transfer of life center of gravity is also cannot be ignored.

　　这一时期特别突出的问题是运动和心理。尤其是运动，女性经常陷入认识误区。“退休后的女性经常觉得要补上过去因工作繁忙而欠下的‘债’，结果很容易过度。”陈燕铭说，例如一大早去爬山，然后跳舞，中午买菜，傍晚抽空去跳舞，刮风下雨不变，一天运动时间超过三四个小时，结果导致腰肌和跟腱劳损，严重者甚至发生骨折。她提醒，补上欠账要防止“过犹不及”。

Especially during this period is sports and psychological problems.Especially the movement,Women often in a misunderstanding."After retirement, women often feel to catch up on past due to the busy work and owe‘debt’,The result is easy too."Chen Yanming said,Such as early in the morning to go mountain climbing,And then to dance,Buy food for lunch,In the evening to go dancing,Windy rain stays the same,Time more than three or four hours a day,As a result, lumbar muscle and tendon strain,Serious or even fracture.She reminded,Catch up on debt to prevent"Too much of a good thing".

　　心理方面，女性心思细腻，在内分泌波动剧烈的时期，更容易钻“牛角尖”。绝经期女性需要家人的关爱，同时要自我开解，遇事不妨想想事物有好的一面，避免陷入负面情绪不能自拔。

Psychological aspects,Female subtle mind,In the endocrine volatile period,Easier to drill"Insignificant problem".Menopausal women need family's concern,At the same time to told ourselves,They will think things have good side,Avoid negative emotions.

运动贴士： Exercise tips:

挤地铁买菜也能锻炼 Crowded subway buy vegetables can also exercise

　　陈燕铭建议家有女孩的父母，从小培养女儿对户外运动的热爱，经常鼓励女孩放下书本和电脑，到大自然中接触阳光和清风，感受自然的美好，避免从小养成“宅女”。

Chen Yanming suggested that home is the girl's parents,Instil daughter love of outdoor sports,Often encourage girls put down the book and computer,To the nature of contact for the sun and the wind,Experience the wonderful nature,Avoid from childhood"Curtilage female".

　　忙于工作、家庭的成年女性则可学习“见缝插针”式运动法。例如经常因工作透支下班时间的职场女性没有时间专门去做运动，不妨每天出门时多带一双运动鞋，下班后脱高跟鞋，换上运动鞋，挤公交车、地铁，去菜市场买菜也能起到锻炼的效果。

Busy with work/Adult women's family may learn"Small gaps"Method type movement.For example, often because of work overdraft time from work career women didn't have time to do sports,Might as well go out every day take a pair of sports shoes,After work to take off the high heels,Put on shoes,Crowded bus/The subway,去菜市场买菜也能since到锻炼的效果.

　　陈燕铭提醒，女性一周运动时间最好安排五次，每次30分钟，运动强度根据年龄有所不同，例如40岁的人运动时心跳频率最高不能超过130次/分。从运动强度来看，爬山、游泳、骑车、跳舞、打羽毛球、太极拳等有氧运动均可。文/记者任珊珊 通讯员李文敏、江澜 图/记者乔军伟

Chen Yanming remind,Women's movement time best arrange five times a week,Thirty minutes each time,Exercise intensity differ according to age,Such as heart rate when the largest 40 is not more than 130 times/min.From the exercise intensity,Climbing the mountain/swimming/Riding a bike/To dance/To play badminton/Aerobic exercise such as taijiquan.Wen ren shan correspondent Li Wenmin/reporter/Qiao Junwei Jiang Lan figure/reporter