每日经济新闻(博客,微博)记者 于垚峰 发自江西庐山

Daily economic news(blog,Micro bo)Reporters from the YuYao peak of jiangxi

　　一面规划大规模居民下迁，一面允许山上建豪华别墅。是不是在送穷人下山，迎富人上山？

A planning large-scale residents moved down，Allow the mountain side to build luxury villa。The poor are sent down the mountain，Meet the rich went up to the mountain？

　　近期，《每日经济新闻》关于“庐山景区内建违规大宅”的报道刊出后，随着各级政府部门介入调查，“景区违建”也逐渐成了庐山人茶余饭后的谈资。

recent，《Daily economic news》about“Lushan scenic area built-in illegal mansion”After the publication of the report，With government departments at all levels intervention survey，“Scenic spot illegal rooftop structures”Also gradually became the talk of the lushan mountain people at one's leisure。

　　另一方面，为下迁居民建设的“庐山新城”，目前第一期1000套住房主体建设已经基本完工，新城内的绿化、道路等配套都已经做完。

On the other hand，The construction of residents for the next move“Lushan new town”，At present the first period of 1000 sets of housing subject construction has been basically completed，The new city greening、Road and other supporting has been finished。

　　由此，有声音称庐山的这种规划是让“穷人下山，富人上山”，对此，庐山管理局的官员表示这是一种误读。

this，A voice says lushan the plan is to let“The poor mountain，Rich man went up to the mountain”，this，Lushan administration officials say this is a kind of misreading。

　　1.2万余人的迁徒计划 More than 12000 people metastasize plan

　　“庐山上建多少别墅与我没有关系，只要不让我们搬迁下山就行。”长年在庐山上以拉客为生的面的司机陈忠国表示。在他的眼里，庐山的开发与保护，是庐山管理者的事情，但是有一个底限，不能把他赶下山，断了他谋生之路。

“The lushan mountain built many villas and I have no relations，As long as don't let us move down the mountain will do。”The elder in lushan mountain on a ChenZhongGuo soliciting the driver said。In his eyes，The development and protection of the lushan mountain，Lushan mountain is what managers，But there is a bottom line，Can't he drove down the mountain，Broke his road to make a living。

　　陈忠国提到的“搬迁下山”指的是庐山管理局在2006就提出的一项规划方案。当年，庐山管理局提出，为了让位景区开发，庐山上1.2万余居民，将被逐步搬离他们世代生活了100多年的小城，迁至庐山新城。

ChenZhongGuo mentioned“Move down the mountain”Refers to the lushan administration in 2006 is a planning scheme is put forward。That year，Lushan administration put forward，In order to stepped down the development of the scenic area，The lushan mountain more than 12000 residents，Will be gradually move away from their generation life 100 years of town，Moved to lushan mountain new town。

　　并无实质行动的搬迁计划，渐渐地被庐山人淡忘。直到媒体密集报道“庐山景区内出现豪华别墅”的消息，才让不少庐山人“恍然大悟”。

There is no substantial action plans to move，Gradually by the lushan mountain people forget。Until the media intensive reports“Lushan scenic area occur within a luxury villa”news，That makes a lot of lushan mountain people“Tumble to”。

　　庐山管理局宣传部一位负责人向《每日经济新闻》记者表示，社会上的这种说法不准确，庐山并不是要将穷人赶下山，打造富人山。“在发展过程中，庐山环境的压力已经超负荷了，将一部分人搬迁下山，是为了减轻庐山的环境压力。”

Lushan administration publicity department a person in charge to《Daily economic news》reporters，In the society it is not accurate，Lushan mountain is not the poor will drive down the mountain，Make the rich mountain。“In the process of development，Lushan mountain environment pressure already the overload，Will some people move down the mountain，In order to reduce the pressure on the environment of the lushan mountain。”

　　《庐山风景名胜区总体规划（2010-2025）》（以下简称规划）在居民社会调控规划章节中提出，大量居民的生产、生活给庐山的生态环境造成极大压力，规划原则上减少山体居民数量，对山体和周边居民点和居民数量进行控制。新规划显示，下迁人口包括：工作人员约2000人，工作人员家属约1000人，其他剩余人员约1500人，合计下迁4500余人，以及暂住人员下迁1000人。

《Lushan scenic area planning（2010-2025）》（Hereinafter referred to as the planning）Residents in social control plan put forward in chapter，A large number of residents' production、Life gives lushan mountain ecological environment caused by great pressure，Planning in principle, reduce the number of mountain people，For landslides and surrounding residential areas and residents the quantity control。The new planning display，Move the population including：Staff of about 2000 people，Staff family of about 1000 people，Other surplus staff of about 1500 people，Aggregate moved under the more than 4500 people，And temporary workers moved under 1000 people。

　　“别墅”掀起波澜 “villa”Caused waves

　　8月的庐山，凉风习习，每天都有数万游客到此避暑，让仅有两平方公里的牯岭小镇上显得拥挤不堪。

August lushan，Cool wind blow gently，Every day there are tens of thousands of tourists to this summer，Let only two square kilometers of a brighter ridge town appear crowded。

　　“牯岭”一词来源于英文“cooling”一词，是1895年英国人李德立为这个山顶小镇命名的，意为“凉爽”。

“Brighter ridge”A word from English“Cooling”A word，In 1895 the British LiDeLi for this the top of the mountain named after the town，meaning“cool”。

　　和游客纵情山水的心情不同，此刻庐山上的居民，心里想的更多的是，自己还能在庐山上待多久。

And visitors exhilarating scenery of the different mood，At the moment the lushan mountain people，Think more，You still can be in lushan mountain staying on。

　　与牯岭主街平行的一条人行道上，巨树成荫，树荫下的石桌椅上，坐着当地的中老年人，他们一边打着麻将，一边讨论着居民下迁的话题。

And a brighter ridge main stem parallel a sidewalk，Giant tree into shadow，The shade of the stone table and chair，Sit local in old people，They part dozen mahjong，While talking about residents moved under the topic。

　　“仰天坪能建那么多别墅，我们怎么就不能住在自己呆了一辈子的地方？”提到居民下迁的事，老张情绪激动，把要出的牌扔出了好远，险些掉到桌子下面。他说，自己从1955年就在庐山工作，已经有50多年的历史了，可以说把一生都献给庐山了，怎么可以说让自己下山就下山。

“Face upwards flat to build so many villas，How do we cannot live in their own for a lifetime of place？”Under the residents to move，Lao zhang emotional，To the card thrown out of the good far，Nearly dropped to under the table。He said，Yourself from 1955 in lushan mountain work，Have a history of more than 50 years，Can say devoted all their life to the lushan mountain，How to say let yourself down the mountain just down the mountain。

　　一桌的麻友，有的是老张并肩工作过的同事，有的是老张的邻居。他们都是在庐山上工作了几十年的老人，对庐山有着深厚的感情，谁都不愿下山。

A table MaYou of，Have a plenty of Lao zhang side by side work colleagues，Have a plenty of Lao zhang neighbor。They are all in lushan mountain work on decades of old man，The lushan mountain to have deep feelings，Everyone is not willing to down the mountain。

　　“这棵树我们来的时候，还只有碗口这么粗，几十年来看着它长大，现在变成了参天大树，散开的树叶可以为上百个人遮阳避日。”老张说，对于山上的一草一木，他都不忍舍弃。

“The tree we come，Is only wankou so coarse，For decades watch it grow up，Now into a towering trees，Diffuse leaves for hundreds of individual shade, avoid。”Lao zhang said，For the mountain every tree and bush，He cannot bear to part with。

　　见不少人都在讨论庐山居民搬迁的话题，坐在花圃上的一位老人拉着《每日经济新闻》记者，他连连摆手，“庐山居民搬迁，从2006年就开始说起，一直说到现在，年年都有风声，我们不愿意搬。”

See a lot of people are talking about the topic of lushan mountain residents relocation，Sitting in the garden of an old man took《Daily economic news》reporter，He repeatedly motioning with his hand，“Lushan residents move，From 2006 began to speak of，Always say to now，Year after year of a report，We don't want to move。”

　　相比之下，庐山的年轻人们则要谨慎得多。在庐山事业单位工作的小袁说，针对庐山上的居民搬迁而修建的 “庐山新城”已经在开工建设，并且第一期都已经快要建成。“花了这么大的成本，肯定是要搬的，只是时间的问题。”

Compared with，Lushan mountain is young people was more careful。In lushan institution work of small yuen said，According to the lushan mountain people move built “Lushan new town”Have been to start construction，And the first period have is built。“Spent so much cost，Is bound to move，It was only a matter of time。”

　　庐山人的纠结 Lushan mountain people's ravel

　　是选择离开庐山住舒适宽敞并拥有产权的房子，还是选择留在庐山住破旧且拥挤的公房？这或许是庐山人最为纠结的地方。

Is choice leave lushan mountain live comfortable spacious and has the property of the house，Still choose to stay in lushan mountain live old and crowded public house？This is perhaps the most lushan mountain swirly place。

　　魏兴文是庐山供销社的退休职工，一家五口，至今仍然居住在单位提供的50多平方米的公房。两个小房间，一个厨房，他和老伴一个房间，儿子儿媳孙子住一个房间。厨房里的过道也只能容一个人转身，做完饭后，一家人就坐在魏兴文的房间里吃饭。

WeiXingWen is lushan SCM retired worker，A 5，Still living in the unit provides more than 50 square meters of public housing。Two small rooms，A kitchen，He and his wife a room，Son son daughter-in-law live a room。The kitchen corridor also can let a person turn，Finish after dinner，The family sat in WeiXingWen room to eat。

　　对于这套房子，他只有居住权，并且每月要交一部分租金。“虽然租金不多，但是住了一辈子的房子，仍然是别人的房子，自己只是一个租户。”魏兴文说，按“有房才有家”的观念看，他感觉自己和自己的一家，都是个无“家”的人。

For this house，He is only right of abode，And every month should pay part of the rent。“Though the rent little，But living for a lifetime in the house，Is still other people's house，You are just a tenant。”WeiXing said，According to the“Has the room to have a home”Idea see，He felt himself and his a，Is a no“home”people。

　　魏兴文一家的居住条件，是庐山所有职工住房环境的缩影。

WeiXingWen a living conditions，Lushan mountain is the epitome of all worker housing environment。

　　卢根水的居住条件比魏兴文家还要差，人口更多，居住面积更小，房子破旧，并且不能重新翻修。

LuGen water living condition is even poorer than WeiXing WenGu，Population more，Living area smaller，Old house，And not to overhaul。

　　“最早听说居民要搬下山，政府会安置好住房，我第一个赞成支持，总算可以住到冬天不漏风漏雨的房子了。”卢根水告诉《每日经济新闻》记者，虽然庐山的环境好，夏天住得舒服，但是，如果能改善家庭的居住环境，他愿意放弃山上的环境。

“The first heard that residents to move down the mountain，The government will set up housing，My first for support，Finally can live to winter is not rain of air leak leakage of the house。”LuGen water tell《Daily economic news》reporter，Although lushan environment is good，Summer live comfortable，but，If can improve family living environment，He is willing to give up the mountain environment。

　　事实上，庐山新城并不是无偿提供给山上的居民居住的，要收取成本价。新城的建设持续的时间越长，成本将越高。据庐山管理局一位工作人员透露，新城的价格大约在2000元/平方米。此时，同一地段的商品房价格已经达到了4000元/平方米。

In fact，Lushan mountain is not new and gratuitously to the inhabitants of the mountain living，Charge the cost price。The construction of new towns the longer it goes on，Cost will be higher。According to lushan administration a staff revealed，The price of the new town in about 2000 yuan/square meters。At this time，The same section of the price of commercial housing has reached 4000 yuan/square meters。

　　即使是这个价格，对于不少庐山上的居民来说，也显得偏高。肖小燕告诉记者，她的退休工资每个月才1000多元，只够维持正常的生活开支，根本无力购买新城的房子。

Even the price，To many on lushan mountain for residents，Also appears on the high side。XiaoXiaoYan told reporters，Her retirement pay each month to 1000 yuan，Only enough to maintain normal living expenses，Fundamental unable to buy the new house。

　　像卢根水一样愿意搬迁的庐山居民并不多，更多的人，哪怕条件艰苦一些，也愿意住在山上。事实上，不少庐山人，都在山下有自己的房子，他们不愿交出公房，就是希望自己在山上避暑，或者租出去，赚取一笔不菲的收入。

Like LuGen water willing to relocate residents lushan mountain is not much，More people，Even if some hard conditions，Is willing to live in the mountains。In fact，Many lushan mountain people，All under the mountain has a house of his own，They do not want to hand over public house，Hope is in the summer，Or rent out，Earn a nice income。

　　庐山上的房子由于没有房改，到现在为止都是公房，没有私有产权的房子，即使是当地菜农自己盖的房子，也只有使用权，没有所有权。

The house on the lushan mountain with no room，Up to now are public，Have no private property house，Even the local farmers are built his own house，Only use，Does not have the ownership。

　　“一下一上” “Once a”

　　庐山旅游局数据显示，今年上半年，庐山游客数量继续上扬，保持稳定发展势头，来山人数达到258.07万人次，同比增长34.2%；旅游收入21.05亿元，同比增长33.6%。

Lushan tourism bureau data display，In the first half of this year，Lushan tourist quantity continue to rise，Keep steady development momentum，To mountain toll to 2.5807 million people，Year-on-year growth of 34.2%；Tourism income is 2.105 billion yuan，Year-on-year growth of 33.6%。

　　游客与收入数字均有大幅增长，但与庐山提出的目标仍然存在着差距。在今年4月全国网络媒体庐山行的记者会上，庐山管理局表示，2012年景区接待人次力争达到800万，旅游总收入力争达到70亿元。时间过半，目标只完成了三分之一。

Tourists and income digital significantly increase，But and lushan targets still exist a gap。In April this year the national network media lushan done press conference，Lushan administration says，In 2012 the reception people strive to reach 8 million，To total tourist income reached 7 billion yuan。Time more than half，Target finished only the third。

　　庐山的长远目标为是，力争三年主要经济指标翻一番，景区接待人次达到1200万；旅游总收入达到120亿元；财政收入突破8亿元。五年进入世界山岳型景区前列。

Lushan mountain is a long-term goal，Three years to double the main economic indicators，Scenic spots received 12 million visitors；Total tourist income reached 12 billion yuan；Fiscal revenue hit 800 million yuan。Five years into the mountain type scenic spot front row。

　　庐山旅游局一位工作人员告诉 《每日经济新闻》记者，8月正是庐山旅游的旺季，山上游人如织，逢周末时更是一店难求。“以现有的接待能力，要实现年接待1200万游客显然做不到，只有增加宾馆、饭店等接待场所。”

Lushan tourism administration a staff tell 《Daily economic news》reporter，August is the lushan tourist season，They flocked to the mountain，When every weekend more visitors &shoppers passing everyday。“With the existing reception capacity，To realize the years 12 million visitors obviously can't do，Only increase hotel、Hotel reception site, etc。”

　　为了充分发掘庐山的内在价值，庐山管理局提出了 “一下一上”的发展规划。“下”是指将居民下迁至山下；“上”是指庐山旅游上市。

In order to fully tap the inner value of lushan mountain，Lushan administration puts forward “Once a”Development planning。“under”It is to point to will residents moved to the mountain；“on”Refers to lushan listed tourism。

　　庐山管理局早在2004年，就提出了让位景区开发、居民下迁的规划。在当时的 《庐山风景名胜区2004-2020年总体规划大纲》中就提出，庐山风景名胜区从2004年开始，便逐步要将山上与旅游无关的人员全部迁移至山下居住，力求做到“山上上班，山下食宿”。

Lushan administration as early as in 2004，It must put forward the development of the scenic area、Residents moved under planning。At the time of the 《Lushan scenic area 2004-2020 overall plan outline》Puts forward in，Lushan scenic area since 2004，Then gradually will have nothing to do with the mountain tourism personnel all migration to live down，Strive to do“Mountain work，Foot board”。

　　“你看现在的牯岭街上，到处是汽车，连人行道上都停满了汽车，游客行走非常不便。”庐山规划局的一位负责人向记者表示，山上的汽车有将近两千辆，如果把庐山管理局的机关工作人员及部分居民下迁，可以大大减少山上的汽车数量。“无论是减少占道还是减轻环境污染，都是有好处的。”

“You see now of a brighter ridge in the street，Is full of car，Even the sidewalk parked the car，Visitors walk very inconvenient。”Lushan mountain urban planning bureau, a person in charge told reporters，The car has nearly two thousand cars，If the lushan administration staff and part of the residents move，Can greatly reduce the number of cars。“Whether to reduce ZhanDao or reduce environment pollution，Is good。”

　　庐山上五六百栋别墅，是庐山发展旅游的一个重要收入点，但其中一部分别墅长期被机关单位的员工居住着，无法带来明显收益。

The lushan mountain WuLiuBaiDong villa，Lushan mountain is one of the important development of tourism income point，But some of the villa long-term agency unit employees live，Can't bring obvious income。

　　在庐山当局看来，将机关员工及居民下迁，不仅可以减轻庐山的承载压力，亦可以接纳更多的游客，增加当地的旅游收入。

Authorities in lushan mountain looks，Will organs staff and residents moved down，It can not only reduce the lushan mountain bearing pressure，Also can accept more tourists，Increase the local tourism revenue。

　　庐山发展旅游的另一重大举措就是打造庐山旅游上市。上市目标1992年就提出了，至今已经有20年。2004年，庐山管理局成立庐山旅游发展股份公司，2008年，国旅集团向庐山旅游股份注资1.25亿元，此后，庐山旅游又通过增资扩股先后引进了上海新理益投资管理有限公司、江西省投资集团等多家战略投资者，力争尽快上市。

Lushan mountain tourism development another major move is build lushan listed tourism。Listed goals in 1992 was put forward，So far there have been 20 years。In 2004,，Lushan administration established lushan mountain tourism development corporation，2008 years，CITS group to lushan mountain tourism shares capital 125 million yuan，Since then，Lushan tourism and through the increase endowment spread has introduced the Shanghai new bedding the investment management co., LTD、Jiangxi provincial investment group, a number of other strategic investors，Listed as soon as possible to。

　　/声音/

/ sound /

　　专家：当地居民下迁可能改变庐山的人文气息

experts：Local residents moved under may change lushan cultural ambience

　　庐山是世界自然景观，1996年被列入了世界遗产名录。保护和发展庐山，是庐山管理局必须要面对的难题。

Lushan mountain is one of the world's natural landscape，In 1996 was included in the world heritage list。Protection and development of lushan mountain，Is lushan administration have to face up to the problem。

　　对于居民搬迁的调控规划，（2010-2025）规划中提出，要将庐山划分为4个区，无居民区、居民衰弱区、居民控制区和居民聚集区。

For the residents move control planning，（2010-2025）Plan put forward in，The lushan mountain will be divided into four area，No residential area、Residents weak area、Residents control area and residents accumulation area。

　　近期规划提出，江西省九江市与庐山风景名胜区管理局决定在九江市庐山大道中段规划建设“庐山文明新城”，在通远建南山下迁安置区。近期开始下迁部分人员，首期下迁对象为：核心景区住户，水源地上游住户，老别墅住房，牯岭街住户，无固定生活来源的住户。

Recent plans to put forward，Jiangxi jiujiang and lushan scenic area administration decision in jiujiang lushan mountain highway planning and construction in the middle“Lushan mountain city civilization”，In the pass far built under the nanshan moved resettlement area。Recently moved under part personnel，Under the first moving object for：Core scenic area residents，Water upstream household，Old villa housing，Brighter hill street residents，No fixed life sources of household。

　　根据规划中的条款，该规划必须报批国务院同意，自批准之日起开始实施。

According to the terms of the plan，This plan must be agreed to the state council approval，From the approval date began to implement。

　　不过，一些山下的配套工作，庐山方面已经先行启动了。在规划陆续修改过程中，为下迁居民建设的“庐山新城”早已开工建设，目前第一期1000套住房主体建设已经基本完工，新城内的绿化、道路等配套都已经做完。

but，Some supporting work below，Lushan mountain has launched the first。In the revision process in succession planning，The construction of residents for the next move“Lushan new town”Already to start construction，At present the first period of 1000 sets of housing subject construction has been basically completed，The new city greening、Road and other supporting has been finished。

　　庐山的规划经历多年，数易其稿，现在仍然在等待批复。由于庐山管理局对整个庐山山体并无完全的管理权限，因此在规划及管理过程中，遇到的问题也特别多。

Lushan planning experience for many years，after，Still waiting for reply。Due to the lushan administration to the lushan mountain and no complete management authority，So in planning and management process，The problems are much more special。

　　庐山管理局党委委员、宣传部长熊伟告诉《每日经济新闻》记者，庐山山体面积为302平方公里，原来的管理范围一直是海拨800米以上的范围，后来把两场、两所划入到了庐山，庐山管理局现在的管理范围才120多平方公里。“原来管着庐山的有庐山区、星子县、九江县庐山垦殖场等六个单位，称为"一山六治"，这个是自1984年庐山管理局成立以来，就形成的机制。”

Lushan administration party committee member、The minister of propaganda XiongWei tell《Daily economic news》reporter，Lushan mountain area of 302 square kilometers，The original management range has been 800 meters above the sea dials the range，Then the two games、Two delimit to lushan，Lushan administration now management scope to more than 120 square kilometers。“The original tube the lushan mountain of lushan mountain area、Xingzi county、Jiujiang lushan county KenShiChang and so on six units，called"Mountain for six"，This is since 1984 since the establishment of the lushan administration，Forming mechanism of it。”

　　为了充分地保护与发展庐山，庐山管理局历经数年，最终形成《庐山风景名胜区总体规划（2010-2025）》，规划中明确提出了，要将庐山上的居民下迁。

In order to fully protect the lushan mountain and development，Lushan administration after several years，Finally form《Lushan scenic area planning（2010-2025）》，Planning is explicitly put forward，Will the inhabitants of lushan mountain next move。

　　第一次规划中，对要求下迁的居民达到1.2万人，规划一公开，立刻受到了外界的质疑。此次重新公布的下迁数据，当地居民对其仍然存疑。陈忠国说，他的妻子在庐山管理局机关工作，她要下去了，他全家就都得下去，家属有四五个。“工作人员2000人，都是拖家带口的，家属怎么才只有1000人？”

The first planning，To request the inhabitants of moved up to 12000 people，Planning a public，Immediately by the outside question。The promulgated anew next move data，Local residents to its still dubious。ChenZhongGuo said，His wife in lushan administration organ，She wanted to go on，All his family and all of you will go down，Four or five families。“Working staff of 2000 people，Are family，Family members how to only 1000 people？”

　　不久前，《每日经济新闻》报道了“庐山仰天坪现产权大宅”的消息后，外界对庐山是不是要打造“富人山”的议论越来越多。

Not long ago，《Daily economic news》reported“Lushan mountain face upwards flat now property mansion”news，The outside world to lushan mountain is going to make“Rich mountain”Talk more and more。

　　陈忠国表示，像他一样的庐山居民，以旅游服务业为主的收入大多在每个月2000多元，一旦离开了庐山，想再上庐山生活几乎不可能。“现在庐山的宾馆一晚上都要四五百，贵的上千元，到时候只有富人才能上庐山生活了。”

ChenZhongGuo said，The lushan mountain residents like him，Tourism services primarily mostly in income every month 2000 multivariate，Once out of the lushan mountain，Want to lushan mountain in life is almost impossible。“Now the lushan mountain hotel all night to -，Expensive thousands of yuan，Only the rich can then on lushan mountain life。”

　　华东师范大学旅游系一位教授在接受记者采访时表示，庐山上的小城，历史以来就有，现在要人为地把山上的居民往下迁，可能会改变庐山的人文气息。“纵使庐山当局的这种出发点是为发展庐山而考虑，但山上频频出现的别墅事件，更容易让外界认为庐山是在"揽富"。”

East China normal university department of tourism a professor when accepting a reporter to interview said，The lushan mountain town，History has，Now to the inhabitants of the mountain people moved down，May change lushan cultural ambience。“Even if lushan authorities this starting point is for the development of lushan mountain and consideration，But the mountain frequent emergence of villa event，Easier to let the outside world think lushan mountain is in"Embrace rich"。”

　　庐山总体规划的项目总策划人清华大学教授金笠铭认为，风景区居民不掌握景区资源所有权，即使是当地居民数代耕种的土地也不属于居民所有。因此，景区居民是弱势群体，其权利最容易受到侵犯，在处理风景名胜区资源保护与旅游开发的问题时，往往从迁移当地居民入手，如何迁移却很少考虑居民的需求。

Lushan the general planning of the project total planner tsinghua university professor the boudoir that gold)，Scenic area residents don't grasp the scenic resources ownership，Even local residents several generations of farming land will not belong to all residents。therefore，Scenic area residents is disadvantaged groups，The most vulnerable to infringe upon the rights，In the treatment of scenic spot resources protection and tourism development problems，Often from the migration of local residents，How to transfer rarely consider the needs of residents。

　　·新闻链接

· news link

　　“分山而治”带来利益纠葛庐山管理乱局待解

“Points mountain and rule”Bring interests imbroglio lushan administration mess for solution

　　每日经济新闻记者 于垚峰 发自江西庐山、南昌

Daily economic news reporter YuYao peak from the lushan mountain in jiangxi、nanchang

　　从2006年的莲花洞别墅事件，到今年7月《每日经济新闻》报道的“仰天坪出现违规大宅”，庐山别墅，一次又一次刺痛着世人的神经。

From 2006 years of lotus hole villa event，To this year on July《Daily economic news》reports“Face upwards plateau appear illegal mansion”，Lushan villa，Again and again pricked the world's nerve。

　　庐山302平方公里的山体，庐山管理局只管理着海拔800米以上的范围，面积只有120多平方公里；山体以下，分别被星子县、九江县、庐山区等多个地方管理。庐山最多时曾出现过“一山六治”的情景，这亦成为庐山管理局认为庐山难以合理规划和管理的主要原因。

Lushan mountain 302 square kilometers of the mountain，Lushan administration management with only 800 metres above sea level range，Area of only 120 square kilometers；Mountain the following，Xingzi county were、Jiujiang county、Lushan mountain area, and other local management。Most time lushan mountain appeared“Mountain for six”scene，This also become lushan administration think lushan is difficult to reasonable planning and management of the main reason。

　　“我坚决反对将居民下迁山下，牯岭镇是庐山重要的文化元素，居民下迁了，谁来做好服务工作？”著名公共行政学专家竹立家在接受《每日经济新闻》记者采访时表示，庐山管理局规划庐山，不能作为侵占老百姓利益的借口，“打破现有体制，统一庐山山体，成立庐山区，或者庐山市一级政府，统一管理庐山。”

“I firmly oppose will residents moved under the mountain，A brighter ridge town is lushan important cultural elements，Residents moved under the，Who will do service work？”Famous public administrative experts bamboo made home in accepting《Daily economic news》A reporter to interview said，Lushan administration planning lushan，Can not be used as an excuse to occupy for the interests of common people，“Break the existing system，Unified lushan mountain，Lushan mountain area was established，Or lushan mountain city level government，Unified management lushan。”

　　分山而治

Points mountain and rule

　　千百年来一直以“雄、奇、险、秀”闻名于世的庐山，享有“匡庐奇秀甲天下”的盛誉，是具有两千多年悠久文化和百余年开发历史的名山，首批国家重点风景名胜区。全山有12个景区，37处景点，230多个景观。

One thousand years has been to“male、odd、risk、show”Famous lushan，enjoy“KuangLu JiXiu number one in the world”High prestige，It has two thousand years long culture and more than years of history of the development of mountains，The first batch of key national scenic area。QuanShan have 12 scenic spot，37 sites，More than 230 landscape。

　　这些景点，并不都属于小范围内的庐山管辖。庐山管理局宣传部长熊伟告诉《每日经济新闻》记者，庐山现行的管理体制，自1984年设立庐山管理局到现在，没有什么大的变化。“当时称为"一山六治"，分别由庐山管理局、星子县、九江县、庐山区、庐山垦殖场和江西省庐山自然保护区等六个部门管理着。”

These attractions，Does not belong to small within the scope of the jurisdiction of the lushan mountain。Lushan administration propaganda minister XiongWei tell《Daily economic news》reporter，Lushan the current management system，Since the 1984 establishment of lushan administration to now，No big change。“When called"Mountain for six"，The lushan administration respectively、Xingzi county、Jiujiang county、Lushan mountain area、KenShiChang lushan mountain lushan nature reserve in jiangxi province and six departments of the management。”

　　2005年底，九江市将庐山综合垦殖场、庐山茶科所、庐山林科所和庐山水电厂四个单位划归庐山管理局管理，旨在进一步扩大庐山管理局的管理区域，但是位于星子县、九江县和庐山区的庐山山体仍然游离在“庐山”之外。

By the end of 2005，Jiujiang lushan mountain will be comprehensive KenShiChang、Lushan ChaKeSuo、Lushan LinKeSuo and lushan hydroelectric power station four units to lushan administration management，To further expand the lushan administration management area，But in xingzi county、Jiujiang county and the lushan mountain lushan mountain is still free in“lushan”outside。

　　副地级的庐山风景区管理局成立于1984年，由江西省政府直管并委托九江市政府代管。1996年，江西省人大常委会通过了《江西省庐山风景名胜区管理条例》，条例赋予庐山管理局对庐山建设、发展规划、旅游行业管理的行政职责。

The lushan scenic area vice regional administration was established in 1984，By jiangxi government straight tube and entrust jiujiang government agency。1996 years，Jiangxi province National People's Congress standing committee passed《Jiangxi lushan scenic area management regulations》，Regulations give lushan administration to lushan mountain construction、Development planning、Tourism industry management administrative duties。

　　但实际上，庐山管理局难以发挥职能作用。因为从性质上说，庐山管理局只是省政府在庐山的一个派驻机构，而非一级政府。管理局的决定，对星子县、九江县政府并不是上级对下级政令，自然难收实效。比如，条例规定任何地方对庐山的资源开发必须报庐山管理局审批，但一些县、乡、村并不把管理局放在眼里，擅自搞起了庐山旅游开发。

But in fact，Lushan administration is difficult to play a function。Because from nature said，Lushan administration is the provincial government in lushan a accredited institution，Rather than level government。Administration decided to，Xingzi county to、Jiujiang county government is not superior to inferior decrees，Natural difficult to accept actual effect。For example，Regulations any parts of lushan mountain resources development must be submitted to lushan administration for examination and approval，But some county、township、The village is not the administration in the eyes，Do STH without authorization have taken to lushan mountain tourism development。

　　在国家级风景名胜区中，只有庐山至今仍维持着这种多头管理的管理体制。

In the national-level scenic spots，Only the lushan mountain is still maintained the bull management management system。

　　在上世纪八九十年代，旅游经济尚未完全兴起时，多头管理体制并未对庐山产生太大的影响。然而当旅游业逐渐成为国民经济的一大支柱产业，星子县、九江县等地大力发展旅游产业时，“一山六治”的矛盾终于暴露：六个“婆婆”管庐山，谁都可以制约谁，生出不少“权限之争”。

In the s and s，Tourism economy has not yet completely when rise，The multiple management system is not about lushan much effect。However when the tourism industry of the national economy has become a pillar industry，Xingzi county、Jiujiang county, vigorously develop tourism industry，“Mountain for six”Contradictions finally exposed：six“mother-in-law”Tube lushan，Anyone can restrict who，Produce many“Authority for”。

　　利益之争

Interests for

　　庐山“权限之争”的核心其实是“利益之争”。

lushan“Authority for”Core is actually“Interests for”。

　　庐山被人为地分割，导致一些知名景区支离破碎。游客在购买了180元的大门票之后，进山观看一些景点，仍然需要二次购票。比如说去三叠泉景区，需要再购买64元的门票，因为三叠泉属于庐山区管辖，并且于庐山之上，设立了一个庐山三叠泉风景区。

Lushan mountain is artificially segmentation，Cause some famous scenic spot fragmented。Tourists in bought 180 yuan tickets for big after，Into watching some scenic spots，Still need two tickets。For example to lushan scenic area，Need to purchase 64 yuan tickets，Because lushan belongs to the jurisdiction of the lushan mountain region，And above in lushan mountain，Set up an lushan mountain lushan scenic area。

　　根据九江市公布的数据，2011年，庐山接待游客160万人次；庐山西海接待游客60万人次；星子庐山温泉接待游客120万人次；三叠泉接待游客21万人次。这些景点，都在大庐山的范畴之内。但是，星子县、九江县显然不愿放弃这笔不菲的财政收入。

According to the jiujiang figures，In 2011,，Lushan received 1.6 million tourists；Lushan mountain west received 600000 tourists；Planetesimals lushan mountain hot springs received 1.2 million tourists；Lushan received 210000 tourists。These attractions，In the category of big lushan mountain within。but，Xingzi county、Jiujiang county obviously don't want to give up this significant financial income。

　　庐山山体下的这些县区，除了旅游的门票及相关行业能提高当地的GDP之外，依山而建的一些地产开发，借庐山之名，又可以征收一笔可观的土地财税以及营业税费。庐山区、星子县纷纷在庐山山体下，划出土地，举行招商引资，以开发酒店为名，进行别墅的开发。

Lushan mountain of these counties，Apart from the tour tickets and related industry can improve the local GDP outside，According to shan erjian the some real estate development，Borrow the name of lushan mountain，And can impose a considerable land tax and business tax。Lushan mountain area、In xingzi county in lushan mountain next，Off land，Attract/bid for/invite investments held，To develop hotel name，For the development of the villa。

　　庐山区莲花镇政府一位干部向记者介绍，位于该镇的一个酒店，开发了近百栋别墅项目，每平方米均价都在两万以上，一栋别墅的面积从400平方米至900平方米不等，平均一栋别墅的价格都在千万以上，总价在10亿元之上。当地从中收到的土地出让费和税收，至少有2亿元，能贡献庐山区财政收入的50%。

The lushan mountain area lotus a cadre introduces to the reporter，Is located in the town of a hotel，Development of nearly villas project，Average price of every square metre is in twenty thousand above，A villa area from 400 square meters to 900 square meters inequality，The average price of a villa in more than never，Total price is in 1 billion yuan of above。Local received from the land grant fee and tax，At least 200 million yuan，Lushan mountain area can contribute 50% of revenue。

　　在星子县也有类似的项目，在重点发展旅游业的星子县，扶持并打造休闲度假酒店，成为当地开发的一个突破点，但在操作的过程中，往往有不少企业，越过红线，搞起了房地产开发。

In xingzi county have similar project，The development of tourism in key xingzi county，Support and build leisure resort hotel，Become the local development of a breakthrough point，But in the operation of the process，Often have a lot of enterprise，Over the red line，Have taken to real estate development。

　　竹立家认为，保护庐山，必须完善庐山的管理体制。他说，目前庐山管理局虽然是省派驻机构，有一定的管理权限，行使行政执法权要受制于九江市。“现在，开发区管理比较混乱，以经济利益为导向，这种倾向不容否认。庐山开发别墅，不断有人在风景区内开发，这个问题不解决，20年以后，庐山就不是庐山了。”

Bamboo made home think，Protection lushan，We must improve the lushan mountain management system。He said，At present lushan administration although is province accredited institution，Have certain management authority，The exercise of administrative subject to perform to jiujiang。“now，Development zone management chaos，On economic interests as the guide，There is no denying this tendency。Lushan mountain villa development，Constant somebody in the scenic area development，This problem is solved，Twenty years later，Lushan mountain is not the lushan mountain。”

　　管理乱局待解

Management mess for solution

　　庐山风景名胜区管理局是根据1984年中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅《关于庐山风景名胜区管理体制等问题的批复》成立的，为江西省人民政府的派出机构，委托九江市直接领导。

Lushan scenic area administration is according to the 1984 general office of the CPC central committee、The general office of the state council《Lushan scenic area management system about the problems such as reply》established，For the jiangxi province people's government sent agencies，Entrust jiujiang direct leadership。

　　由于庐山管理局的实际行政管辖范围，与庐山风景名胜区范围不一致，致使《江西省庐山风景名胜区管理条例》不能得到全面履行。许多专家预言，如果现在联合国的专家到庐山复查，“世界遗产”将面临摘牌的危险。

Due to the lushan administration actual administrative jurisdiction，And lushan scenic area range not consistent，cause《Jiangxi lushan scenic area management regulations》Can't get comprehensive performance。Many experts predict，Now, if the UN experts to lushan mountain review，“The world heritage”Will face the risk of removed。

　　如何解决庐山旧有体制，使庐山早日像全国名山一样，理顺体制，快速发展，成了横亘在九江及江西省面前的一道难题。

How to solve the lushan mountain old system，Make early lushan mountains as the same，Rationalize system，Rapid development，Become spans in jiujiang and the presence of jiangxi province a difficult problem。

　　早在10年前，江西省政府发展研究中心课题组就编写了《关于理顺庐山管理体制的建议》，建议提出：设立县级庐山市，市址设在南康镇，归九江市管辖。将庐山区的枯岭镇、威家镇、高垅乡、海会镇、塞阳镇、莲花镇，九江县的黄老门乡和星子县全部乡镇划入庐山市，共计23个乡镇，面积1134平方公里，人口30万。

As early as 10 years ago，Jiangxi government development research center, the group will write《About rationalize lushan management system suggestion》，suggested：At or above the county level shall set up lushan mountain city，ShiZhi in nankang town，Be jiujiang jurisdiction。Will the lushan mountain is ridge town、Neville home town、High long township、The sea will、Plug Yang town、Lotus town，Jiujiang county, xingzi county and township huanglao door all villages and towns delimit lushan mountain city，A total of 23 villages and towns，Covers an area of 1134 square kilometers，A population of 300000。

　　这一建议也得到了竹立家的认同。他说，设立具有一级政府权限的庐山区（市），统一管理庐山整个山体，既可以在一定的范围之内，适度地开发庐山，又能最大限度地保护好庐山。

The proposal also got bamboo stand family identity。He said，Has set up the government at the authority of the lushan mountain area（city），Unified management lushan the whole mountain，Can be in a certain scope，Moderately development lushan，And can maximum limit to protect the lushan mountain。

　　然而，设立庐山市的建议提了10年，至今也无明确的时间表。庐山管理体制，依旧将在争议声中继续沿用。

however，Establishment of lushan mountain city suggestion ask for 10 years，Has been no clear timetable。Lushan management system，Still will continue to use of controversy。