放宽年龄限制作用有限献血新规难破“血荒”困局 Relaxing age limit limited role new rule to donate blood to break“Blood waste”Dilemma for

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　　7月1日起实施的新版《献血者健康检查要求》，首度将献血者最高年龄由55周岁延长至60周岁。这一放宽年龄限制的举措，被认为旨在缓解临床用血紧张局面。但记者调查发现，延长献血年龄对缓解“血荒”的作用可谓“杯水车薪”，获得充足、安全的血液，仍需要更多健康年轻人的参与。

July 1,, the new version of implementation《Blood donors health inspection requirements》，The first will be the highest blood donors by age 55 one full year of life extension and 60 years old。This a relaxing age limit action，That was aimed at easing blood for clinical use the tension。But the reporter survey found，Extend the blood donation to relieve the age“Blood waste”Role is“peanuts”，Receive adequate、Safe blood，Still need more healthy young people's participation。

放宽年龄限制 Relaxing age limit

只是“杯水车薪” just“peanuts”

　　“国家终于放宽了献血年龄，我身体很强壮很健康，我要献400ml。”7月17日，济南血站英雄山爱心献血屋迎来了57岁的许先生。他曾经20多次参加无偿献血。听说济南血库告急，国家也放宽了献血年龄限制，许先生便驱车一个多小时前来献血。

“Countries finally relaxes blood donation age，My health is very strong very healthy，I will offer 400 ml。”July 17,，Jinan blood stations YingXiongShan love blood donation house welcomed 57, Mr. Xu。He had 20 participated in blood donation。Hear jinan blood bank menace，Countries also relaxes blood donation age limit，Mr. Xu then drove more than a hour to come to their blood。

　　自7月起，济南血站各献血点开始落实新版《献血者健康检查要求》，将献血年龄由原来的55岁放宽到60岁。在一个月时间里，各献血点已经接待了数十名“献血老兵”重返无偿献血队伍。

From July，Jinan blood stations each blood donation point began to implement the new《Blood donors health inspection requirements》，Will the blood donation from the original age 55 relaxing to 60 years old。In a month，The blood donation point already received dozens of“Blood donation veterans”To return to the blood donation team。

　　新版《献血者健康检查要求》规定：“国家提倡献血年龄为18—55周岁；既往无献血反应、符合健康检查要求的多次献血者主动要求再次献血的，年龄可延长至60周岁。”此次对献血年龄的放宽，被认为是“与国际接轨”的举措。记者了解到，世界卫生组织提倡的献血年龄是18至65周岁，欧美许多国家均按此执行。

The new《Blood donors health inspection requirements》provisions：“The state encourages the blood donation age to 18-55 one full year of life；Always no blood donation reaction、Comply with the requirements of the health examination many active request to donate blood donors again，Age can extend to 60 one full year of life。”The age of blood donation of relaxed，Is considered to be“And the international community”measures。The reporter understands，The world health organization advocate of blood donation is age 18 to 65 years of age，Many countries in Europe and America are the execution。

　　但是，有关方面表示，放宽年龄限制，允许56至60岁的老人献血，对于缓解迫在眉睫的用血紧张，却只是“杯水车薪”。济南血站副站长程刚表示，50岁以上的献血人群仅占很小一部分，超过55岁的献血者人数则更少，不能指望通过放宽献血年龄来从根本上扭转血液紧张局面。但是，大龄献血者的贡献，不能只从献血量上来衡量。他们的献血热情和奉献精神，将对年轻人投身无偿献血产生很大激励作用。

but，Officials say，Relaxing age limit，Allow 56 and 60 years old man blood donation，It is urgent to ease tensions with blood，just“peanuts”。Jinan ChengGang said vice webmaster of blood，50 years of blood donation only a tiny fraction of the crowd，More than 55 years of age and much less than the number of blood donors，Can't count on through relaxing blood donation age to fundamentally reverse blood the tension。but，Older blood donors contribution，Not only from XianXieLiang measure up。Their blood donation passion and commitment，For young people to donate their blood will be devoted to produce a great incentive effect。

年轻人是献血主力 Young people are main blood donation

　　截至7月底，新版《献血者健康检查要求》实施恰满一个月。这部赶在暑期生效的献血新国标，曾被认为是缓解夏季“血荒”的应急之策。它不仅将献血者最高年龄延长至60周岁，还解除了长达14年的女同性恋者献血禁令。

By the end of July,，The new《Blood donors health inspection requirements》Implement just a month。The effect of the blood donation drive in summer new gb，Once thought is to alleviate the summer“Blood waste”Emergency strategy of。It will not only be extended to the highest blood donors age 60 one full year of life，Also lifted the for 14 years of lesbians blood donation ban。

　　令人遗憾的是，献血新规虽然扩大了献血人群、放宽了年龄限制，但发挥的作用十分有限。随着气温升高和学校放假，献血者大量减少，流动采血点每日采血量也不同程度下降。夏季却是用血旺季，病人用血量有增无减，季节性“血荒”再次到来。到7月中旬，济南血站血库的库存从高峰时40万ml,降至不足10万ml,远低于30万ml的警戒线。到了7月底，济南血站已将四种血型的库存状态，全部调整为最高级别的“急需”。

Unfortunately，Although the new rule to donate blood expand blood donation crowd、Relaxing the age limit，But the role of the very limited。As temperatures rise, and a school holiday，A large number of reducing blood donors，Blood flow at different levels in daily health also decline。The summer season is blood，The patient YongXieLiang continues unabated，seasonal“Blood waste”Arrived again。To mid-july，Jinan blood stations of the blood bank from peak 400000 ml stock,Drop to less than 100000 ml,Far less than 300000 ml cordon。To the end of July,，Jinan blood stations will have four type inventory state，All is adjusted for summit“need”。

　　高校放假带来的夏季“血荒”证明，年轻人仍然是献血人群的主力军。献血新规对献血年龄的放宽，不会显著增加无偿献血者人次数。要想获得充足、安全的血液，仍需要更多健康适龄的年轻公民参加献血。

The university brings summer“Blood waste”proof，Young people are still the main force of blood donation crowd。Blood donation to the age of the new rule to donate blood pressure，Not a significant increase in the number of people gratis blood donors。Want to get enough、Safe blood，Still need more healthy young citizens that take part in blood donation。

　　事实上，早在2010年6月14日的“世界献血者日”，世界卫生组织便提出了“向世界提供新鲜血液”的口号，目的是提醒各国更加“重视青年人在维持安全血液供应方面发挥的作用”。记者从英雄山爱心献血屋了解到，固定的献血人群基本都是30至50岁的中年人，18至30岁的年轻人并不多。

In fact，As early as in 2010 June 14“The world blood donors,”，The world health organization was put forward“Provide fresh blood to the world”slogan，To remind the world more“Young people pay attention to safety in maintaining blood supply functions”。Reporters from YingXiongShan love blood donation to house understanding，Fixed the blood donation crowd basic is 30 to 50 years old of the middle-aged，18 to 30 years old is not much。

　　“青年是全世界安全血液供应的希望和未来。”世界卫生组织输血安全处处长丁格拉说，“我们相信，如果把工作的重点集中在青年人的参与上，就能有更多的国家实现百分之百的自愿无偿献血。”

“Youth is the world safe blood supply of hope and future。”The world health organization transfusion safety everywhere long butyl grasso said，“We believe that，If the work focused on the participation of young people，Can have more countries to realize one hundred percent of voluntary blood donation。”

缩短献血间隔 Shorten the blood donation interval或是“良药” or“Good medicine”

　　世界卫生组织建议，献血人数需要至少达到国家人口的10‰,才可以满足国家对安全血液的基本要求。去年年底，卫生部办公厅新闻宣传办公室主任邓海华曾对外公布，我国人口献血率只有8.7‰,远远低于世界高收入国家的45.4‰和中等收入国家的10.1‰。

The world health organization recommends，The number of blood donation to meet the national population at least 10 ‰,Can meet the national security of the basic requirements of blood。By the end of last year，General director of the office of health news propaganda DengHaiHua has announced，China's population blood donation rate of only 8.7 ‰,Much lower than the world of high-income countries 45.4 ‰ and middle income countries of 10.1 per thousand。

　　在献血率持续走低的情况下，适当地缩短献血间隔，被认为是缓解“血荒”的一剂“良药”。新版《献血者健康检查要求》，将单采血小板献血间隔，由原来的不少于4周调整为不少于2周；将全血献血后与单采血小板献血间隔，由原来的不少于6个月调整为不少于3个月；对两次全血捐献间隔，仍沿用《献血法》第九条的规定，为不得少于6个月。

In blood donation rates stay low，Appropriate to shorten the blood donation interval，Is considered to be easing“Blood waste”A dose of“Good medicine”。The new《Blood donors health inspection requirements》，Will solid platelet blood donation interval，By original not less than 4 weeks adjustment for not less than two weeks；Will the whole blood after blood donation and solid platelet blood donation interval，By original not less than 6 months is adjusted for not less than three months；The two whole blood donation interval，Is still using《act》Article 9 of the regulations，For not less than six months。

　　事实证明，缩短献血周期的效果已经初步显现。程刚介绍说，自从新规将单采血小板献血间隔由原来的4周缩短到2周，济南血站的单采血小板献血者就从原来的每月100人次，增加到现在半月就近100人次了。程刚认为，有过献血经历的人群，具有更为强烈的献血意愿。“每隔三四个月献一次血，对人的身体是没有影响的。现在只允许一年献两次，如果允许献三四次，济南的供血紧张状况就能得到很大缓解。”

Facts prove the，Shorten the cycle of blood donation effects have been preliminary revealed。ChengGang introduced said，Since the new rules will donate blood platelet stations from the original interval 4 weeks reduced to 2 weeks，Jinan blood stations of the stations from the original blood platelet 100 visitors per month，Increased to now and half months came near to the 100 people。ChengGang think，Have the experience of blood donation crowd，Has the more intense blood donation of will。“Every three or four months offer a blood，To the person's body is no influence。Now only allowed two times a year offering，If allowed to offer three or four times a year，The tensions in jinan blood can get great ease。”

　　记者了解到，和其他国家相比，我国目前的献血间隔期设置相对偏长。以献全血为例，我国《献血法》规定两次全血捐献间隔不得少于6个月；美国规定间隔为8周；英国规定为16周，最短为12周；加拿大不超过530ml的全血献血两次间隔为8周；日本献400ml全血，男性可在12周后的同一天献血，女性可在16周后的同一天献血。(记者 肖芳)

The reporter understands，And other countries，Our country at present the replenishment of blood donation comparatively long set。To offer all the blood for example，Our country《act》Two whole blood donation provisions shall not be less than six months intervals；The provisions for eight weeks interval；Britain stipulated for 16 weeks，Shortest for 12 weeks；No more than 530 ml of Canadian whole blood blood donation two intervals for 8 weeks；Japan offered 400 ml whole blood，Men can be in 12 weeks on the same day the blood donation，Women in the weeks after the blood on the same day。(Reporter XiaoFang)