“在伦敦奥运会如火如荼进行之时，中国民众也迎来了一个大众体育的重要时刻——8月8日全民健身日。

“In the London Olympics as raging fire，The Chinese people also welcomed a public sports important moment-August 8, fitness。

　　“每天锻炼一小时，健康生活一辈子”不再只是一句口号。数据显示，“十一五”末，中国人均预期寿命达到73.5岁，比上一个五年增加了一岁。20年间增长近5岁。“十二五”规划纲要首次将其列为一个预期性指标，并提出到“十二五”末，人均预期寿命提高到74.5岁。到2020年这一数字有望达到77岁。

“An hour every day，A healthy life for a lifetime”No longer just a slogan。Data shows，“11”At the end of the，China's per capita life expectancy of 73.5 years，In the five years than a year increases。In the 20 years growth nearly five years old。“1025”Plan for the first time as a anticipation of index，And puts forward to“1025”At the end of the，Per capita life expectancy increased to 74.5 years old。By 2020 that number is expected to be 77 years old。

　　人均预期寿命的增长，印证着社会经济和医疗卫生发展水平的稳步提升。随着生活品质的提高，人们对延长生命有了更进一步的追求：活得长还要活得更健康。”

Per capita increases in life expectancy，Confirm the social economy and medical and health development of higher level。With the improvement of the quality of life，People to extend life has further pursuit：To live long and live to more healthy。”

人均期望寿命增加 Life expectancy increased

医疗服务水平提高 The medical service level

　　根据世界银行的官方统计，1960年，中国人均预期寿命仅为43.46岁。经历半个世纪，到2010年，人均预期寿命已悄然增长至73.5岁。卫生部部长陈竺表示，到2020年，中国人的平均期望寿命有望达到77岁，达到中等发达国家的水平。

According to the world bank official statistics，1960 years，China's per capita life expectancy only 43.46 years old。Experience half a century，By 2010，Life expectancy has quietly increase to 73.5 years old。Health minister Chen middle&small said，By 2020，Chinese average life expectancy is expected to be 77 years old，Reach the level of moderately developed countries。

　　“人均预期寿命反映的是当前的死亡水平，它是衡量一个国家或地区现阶段经济社会发展水平及医疗卫生服务水平的综合指标。”中国人民大学社会与人口学院院长翟振武认为，要实现“人均预期寿命提高一岁”的目标，重点是降低死亡水平。过去，受经济社会条件、卫生医疗水平限制，死亡率难以降低，人均预期寿命增长有限。然而随着经济的发展，医疗卫生服务水平的提高，人均预期寿命也在稳步增长。

“Life expectancy reflect the current level of death，It is the measure of a country or region at present the development level of economy and society and medical health service level of composite index。”The people's university of China society and population, dean of the college of ZhaiZhenWu think，To realize“Per capita life expectancy increased a year old”goal，Focus is to reduce death level。In the past，By the economic and social conditions、Health medical level restrictions，To reduce mortality，Growth limited life expectancy。However, with the development of economy，To raise the level of medical and health services，Life expectancy has been growing steadily。

　　自2009年4月以来，全面深化医药卫生体制改革已经取得初步成效，新医改确立了到2020年建立健全覆盖城乡居民的基本医疗卫生制度，实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的奋斗目标，我国基本医疗保障覆盖面从2008年的87%提高到2011年的95%以上，全民医保框架基本建立，为近13亿居民构建了抵御疾病经济风险的安全屏障。

Since the 2009 years since April，Comprehensive health care reform deepening medicine has achieved initial results，New cure of the established in 2020 to establish and perfect the covering both urban and rural residents of basic medical health system，Realize everyone will have access to basic medical and health services's goal，In the basic medical insurance coverage from 2008 to 87% in 2011 and above，A basic framework of universal coverage，For nearly 1.3 billion residents constructed to fight disease economic risk security barrier。

　　与此同时，随着医改深入推进，医疗卫生领域城乡和区域统筹发展的步伐明显加快，长期存在的城乡健康水平差异正在逐步缩小。3年来，中央财政投入470多亿元，用于支持2233个县级医院、6213个乡镇卫生院和2.5万个村卫生室的基础设施建设。农民“看病难、看病贵”问题得到一定程度的缓解，农村地区15分钟内可达医疗机构住户比例提高到80.8%，参保农民自付医药费用的比例也因此下降到49.5%。

At the same time，With advanced medical，Medical health field and the development of urban and rural areas as a whole quickened significantly，The long-term existence of urban and rural health level difference is gradually narrowing。3 years，The central financial investment more than 470 yuan，Used to support 2233 county hospital、6213 rural hospitals and 25000 village clinic infrastructure construction。farmers“Difficulties in getting、High cost”Problems get some degree of ease，Rural areas within 15 minutes of medical institutions proportion households increased from 80.8% to，Ginseng protect farmers to pay medical expenses from the share of so dropped to 49.5%。

　　2009年起，我国实行农村孕产妇住院分娩补助项目，各级财政对全国农村孕产妇住院分娩按照人均500元的标准进行补助，北京、内蒙古、上海和陕西甚至将孕产妇补助人均标准提高到600-800元，河北、内蒙古、江西、河南、广西、海南、陕西、宁夏和西藏实现了农村孕产妇在乡镇和县级定点医疗保健机构平产免费分娩。

Since 2009，Our country executes rural maternal inpatient delivery subsidy program，At all levels for finance to the national rural maternal inpatient delivery according to the standard of 500 yuan per capita enrolled，Beijing、Inner Mongolia、Shanghai and shaanxi even maternal subsidies will be increased to 600 per capita standards-800 yuan，hebei、Inner Mongolia、jiangxi、henan、guangxi、hainan、shaanxi、Ningxia and Tibet has achieved in towns and rural maternal nod medical and health institutions at the county level PingChan free delivery。

　　2009至2011年，中央财政共投入79亿元，补助农村孕产妇2726.6万人，促进了妇女儿童主要健康指标的持续改善和城乡间差距的进一步缩小。孕产妇死亡率城乡之比由2008年的1:1.24缩小为2011年的1:1.05；婴儿死亡率城乡之比由1:2.83下降到1:2.53。与人均预期寿命的持续增长相比，2011年我国孕产妇死亡率和婴儿死亡率也分别下降到26.1/10万和12.1‰。

From 2009 to 2011，The central government has invested 7.9 billion yuan，Rural maternal 27.266 million subsidies，Promote the main indexes of women and children health continuous improvement and further narrowing the gap between the urban and the rural。The maternal mortality rate plunged by 2008 years of urban and rural than 1:1. 24 shrink to 2011 in 1:1.05；Infant mortality ratio of the urban and rural areas by 2-1. 83 down to 2-1. 53。With the continuous growth of the life expectancy than，In 2011, the maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rates also were down to 26.1/10 and 12.1 per thousand。

每天锻炼一小时 健康生活一辈子 An hour of exercise a day health life

　　在漫长的人类社会发展史中，世界各地人均预期寿命长期保持一种大体均衡的状态，只是进入近现代以来，随着经济社会发展速度快慢的差别，富国寿长、穷国命短的趋势才越来越明显，长短“两极”差距越拉越大。

In the long history of human society，All over the world on life expectancy maintain a long-term equilibrium in the state，Just enter modern，Along with the economic and social development of the machine speed difference，Rich life long、Poor countries to the trend of the short life is more and more obvious，length“poles”Widening gap。

　　在世界198个国家或地区中，2005—2010年，中国平均预期寿命为72.71岁，位居第95位，高出世界平均预期寿命(67.88岁)4.83岁，低于发达国家(76.94岁)4.23岁。“十二五”末，中国人均预期寿命将提高到74.5岁，相当于日本1970年、美国1980年、世界2040年的水平。

In the world 198 countries or regions，2005-2010，China's average life expectancy of 72.71 years，At the 95th，Higher than the world average life expectancy(67.88 years old)4.83 years old，Less than developed countries(76.94 years old)4.23 years old。“1025”At the end of the，China's per capita life expectancy will be increased to 74.5 years old，Equivalent to Japan in 1970、The United States in 1980、The world the level of 2040。

　　事实上，随着人口迅速老龄化，以及平均预期寿命的迅速提高，反映死亡水平的指标并不能完全反映人们的健康状况，也不能充分反映人们的生命质量状况。很多国家都出现了在平均预期寿命提高的同时，人们的不健康期也同时在延长，即出现了人口健康状况在下降的情况。

In fact，With the rapidly ageing population，The average life expectancy and rapidly increase，Reflect the level of death and not fully reflect index people's health，Also can be fully reflected in the quality of life of people。Many countries have appeared in the average life expectancy increased at the same time，People's not health at the same time in the period of extended，That appeared healthy condition of population decline。

　　“测量人均预期寿命的目的不是单纯追求高寿，而是关注生活质量，尤其是老年人的健康水平。”北京大学人口研究所教授乔晓春认为，作为世界第一人口大国，也是本世纪上半叶人口老龄化速度最快、人口健康压力最大的发展中国家，中国应该推广“不仅要活得长，更要活得健康”的理念，更加关注健康寿命。人们“健康寿命”的延长将极大地提高人们的生活质量，并且尽可能减少生命最后阶段对家庭照料和社会资源的高度消耗。政府在提倡健康教育的同时，也要在生活方式转变等方面多下工夫，更好地提升人民的生活和生命质量。

“Measuring the purpose of life expectancy is not simple to pursue a long life，But focus on the quality of life，Especially the old people's health。”Beijing university professor population institute ola nygren think，As the world population，The first is the aging population fastest、Population health the greatest pressure on developing countries，China should promote“Not only to live long，More living in health”concept，Pay more attention to the healthy life。people“Health life”The extension will greatly improve the quality of people's lives，As far as possible and reduce the last stage of life of family care and the height of the social resources consumption。The government in advocate health education at the same time，Also in the change of life style, more efforts，To better achieve the people's life and the life quality。

　　为了满足广大人民群众日益增长的强身健体需求，政府正大力推广“每天锻炼一小时，健康生活一辈子”的理念。2009年，国务院正式批准每年8月8日为全国“全民健身日”，同年10月国务院颁布了《全民健身条例》，2011年2月国务院又印发了《全民健身计划(2011-2015年)》，计划指出，到2015年，城乡居民体育健身意识进一步增强，参加体育锻炼的人数显著增加，身体素质明显提高，形成覆盖城乡比较健全的全民健身公共服务体系。

In order to meet the people's growing and strengthen the body needs，The government is strongly“An hour every day，A healthy life for a lifetime”concept。2009 years，The state council approval on August 8, every year for the country“National fitness,”，Issued by the state council in October《National fitness regulations》，In February 2011 and issued by the state council《Plan of fitness(2011-2015)》，Plan points out that，By 2015，Urban and rural residents' sports fitness awareness further strengthened，The number of participating in physical exercise is significantly increased，Physical quality improved obviously，Form a more robust covering both urban and rural areas nationwide fitness public service system。

　　全民健身已经让不少人享受到了好处。北京市老年游泳队成立于1998年，至今已有14年的历史了，最初是由离退休人员自发组织的群众性组织。游泳队以健康快乐为宗旨，根据队员们的兴趣和爱好，组织队员们游泳、跳交谊舞、登山等多种多样的活动。62岁的管月茹便是游泳队中的一员，“由于长期坚持游泳锻练，我们游泳队的免疫功能有很大的提高，很多人退休后都没有去过医院，身体很健康。除此之外，我们的心态也变得更加开放，在活动的过程中也认识了很多朋友，更加积极地面对生活。身心健康才是我们最大的收获。”

National fitness have let many people enjoy the benefits。Beijing old swimming team was established in 1998，So far there have been 14 years of history，The first is from retiree spontaneous organizations are mass organizations。The swimming team to a healthy and happy for the purpose，According to the team's interests and hobbies，Organization players are swimming、Jump dancing、Mountain climbing and a wide variety of activities。The 62-year-old tube month is a member of the swimming team's，“Due to long-term keeps swimming exercises，We swim team immune function is greatly improved，Many people retire not to go to the hospital，In good health。In addition，Our attitude is also becoming more open，In the process of activities also met a lot of friends，More active in facing life。The physical and mental health is our biggest harvest。”

延长生命健康期 缩短不健康时段 Extend the life and health of health not shorten time period

　　人均预期寿命的提高势必会加重老龄化的趋势，《中国老龄事业发展“十二五”规划》指出，“十二五”时期，随着第一个老年人口增长高峰的到来，我国人口老龄化进程将进一步加快。从2011年到2015年，全国60岁以上老年人将由1.78亿增加到2.21亿，平均每年增加老年人860万；老年人口比重将由13.3%增加到16%，平均每年递增0.54个百分点。

The life expectancy will improve will add to the aging of the trend，《China's old-age career development“1025”planning》Points out that，“1025”period，As the first elderly population growth peak arrival，The population aging in our country to further speed up process。From 2011 to 2015，The national 60 years of age or older will be increased from 178 million to 221 million，An average annual increase of 8.6 million elderly people；Older population will be increased from 13.3% to 16%，An average annual increase of 0.54%。

　　中国老龄科学研究中心副主任郭平表示，老龄化的压力迫使政府调整一些社会政策，比如正在研究推迟退休年龄。老龄化进程与家庭小型化、空巢化相伴随，与经济社会转型期的矛盾相交织，社会养老保障和养老服务的需求将急剧增加。未来20年，我国人口老龄化日益加重，到2030年全国老年人口规模将会翻一番，老龄事业发展任重道远。

China's old-age science research center, deputy director of the GuoPing said，An aging population pressure forced the government to adjust some social policy，For example is the delay retirement age。Aging process and family miniaturization、The empty nest that accompanies，The contradiction between the social and economic transition phase intertwined，Social pension insurance and pension service demands will increase greatly。The next 20 years，The population aging in our country is increasingly heavier，By 2030 the elderly population scale will double，The cause of aging development to implement。

　　“现在，我们在研究一项提高老年人健康水平的课题，在美国叫压缩法。”中国人口与发展研究中心主任姜卫平说，如今，老年人的寿命虽然延长了，但是生活质量不高。很多人到了60至70岁就得了老年病，如老年痴呆、智障、行走困难。比如说他能活到90岁，但60岁以后就不健康了。“压缩法”就是要延长他生命中的健康期，缩短不健康时段。

“now，In our studies of a improve the elderly health level of the subject，In the United States called compression method。”China's population and development research center director JiangWeiPing said，now，The old people's life although extended，But the quality of life is not high。Many people came to 60 to 70 years, and he got gien，Such as alzheimer's disease、retarded、Trouble walking。For example he can live to be 90 years old，But after age 60 is not healthy。“Compression method”Is to extend the life of his health，Shorten the time is not healthy。

　　事实上，随着健康、教育水平提高，这些老年人口中仍蕴含着巨大人力资本，若能善加利用，不仅不会成为负担，反而会为社会创造财富。老年人口更适合从事脑力劳动或轻体力劳动，同时，中国产业结构正在转变，服务业比重日益提高，这也为老年人口参与经济活动提供了条件。

In fact，With health、Education level，The old people mouth still also great human capital，If you can make，Not only will not become a burden，It will be creating wealth for the society。Older population is more suitable for mental work or light manual labor，At the same time，China's industrial structure is shifting，Service sector is growing daily，The elderly population participation in economic activities provided conditions。

　　人均预期寿命的提高也存在区域不均衡的状况，相比中国的发达地区，西部边远山区情况却不容乐观。2011年北京人均预期寿命已经首次超过81岁，南京市人均预期寿命则达到了79.31岁。相比而言，西部边远山区预期寿命相对较低，提高这里的健康水平是当务之急。张 雪 章栋成

The improvement of life expectancy also there are regional imbalance of the situation，Compared with China's developed area，The western remote mountainous area situation is not optimistic。2011 Beijing life expectancy has more than 81 years for the first time，Nanjing life expectancy is reached 79.31 years。compared，The western remote mountainous area life expectancy is relatively low，Improve the health level of the here is a priority。Zhang snow ZhangDong into