“人生七十古来稀”，这是唐朝诗人杜甫的感慨。新中国成立前，我国人均预期寿命只有35岁，人活七十，堪称“高寿”。如今，我国人均预期寿命已达74.83岁，可谓“人生七十不稀奇”。

“Life in seventy briefly”，This is the tang dynasty poet du fu of the world。Before the founding of，Life expectancy in China only 35 years old，People live for seventy，is“bethel”。now，Life expectancy in China has reached 74.83 years old，is“Seventy no wonder life”。

　　根据国家统计局最新公布的2010年第六次全国人口普查资料，我国人口平均预期寿命达到74.83岁，比2000年的71.40岁提高3.43岁。从性别看，男性为72.38岁，比2000年提高2.75岁；女性为77.37岁，比2000年提高4.04岁。男女平均预期寿命之差与10年前相比，由3.70岁扩大到4.99岁。这表明，在我国人口平均预期寿命不断提高的过程中，女性提高速度快于男性，并且两者之差也进一步扩大。这与世界其他国家平均预期寿命的变化规律是一致的。

According to the national bureau of statistics released the latest 2010 sixth national population census data，Our country the average life expectancy at 74.83 years，More than 2000 years of 71.40 raising the age 3.43 years。From the gender see，72.38 years for men，More than 2000 improve 2.75 years；Women was 77.37 years old，More than 2000 improve 4.04 years。The average life expectancy of men and women of the difference from 10 years ago，By 3.70 years expanded to 4.99 years old。This suggests that，In our country the average life expectancy of continuous improvement of process，Women to enhance faster than men，And the difference is also further expanded。This and other countries in the world average life expectancy is consistent with the change rule。

　　2010年世界人口的平均预期寿命为69.6岁，其中高收入国家及地区为79.8岁，中等收入国家及地区为69.1岁。我国人口平均预期寿命不仅明显高于中等收入国家及地区，也大大高于世界平均水平。从提高幅度看，2000—2010年我国人口平均预期寿命提高3.43岁，比世界平均提高2.4岁多1岁左右。

In 2010 the population of the world average life expectancy of 69.6 years，Among them high income countries and the area of 79.8 years，Middle-income countries and the area of 69.1 years。Our country not only the average life expectancy was significantly higher than the middle-income countries and regions，Also much higher than the average level in the world。From the increase was watching，2000-in 2010, the average life expectancy increased 3.43 years old，An average of 2.4 years than the world more than 1 years or so。

　　人均预期寿命，是衡量国民健康水平和幸福指数的一把标尺，也是观察民生状况的一面镜子。10年来，随着经济社会快速发展，人民生活水平不断提高，医疗卫生保障体系逐步完善，我国人口平均预期寿命继续延长，国民整体健康水平大幅提高，生活幸福指数与日俱增。

Life expectancy，It is to measure the health level of the happiness index and a ruler，Observe the people's livelihood is a mirror of the situation。10 years，With the rapid development of economic society，People's standard of living rises ceaselessly，Medical and health security system has been improved gradually，The average life expectancy in China continue to extend，The national health level increase，A life of happiness index is growing。

　　基本公共卫生服务均等化 Equal access to basic public health service

　　婴儿和孕产妇死亡率持续下降 The baby and the maternal mortality rate continue to decline

　　“如果不是政府提供的免费‘两癌’筛查，我都不晓得自己是不是还活着。”四川省绵阳市关帝镇村民李翠英说。2011年，在农村妇女乳腺癌免费筛查项目中，她被查出患有乳腺癌，住院花了5000多元，在新农合报销和大病补助后，自己只掏了200多元。

“If it were not for the government to provide free‘Two cancer’screening，I don't know that you are still alive。”In mianyang city, sichuan province shut the LiCuiYing said the emperor。2011 years，In rural women's breast cancer screening program for free，She was diagnosed with breast cancer，Hospital spent more than 5000 yuan，In the new farm subsidies and submit an expense account and a serious illness，His out only 200 yuan。

　　基本公共卫生服务均等化，是我国人均预期寿命继续延长的重要制度基石。2011年，我国人均基本公共卫生服务经费标准由2010年的15元提高到25元。国家启动实施10大类41项国家基本公共卫生服务项目，孕产妇保健、儿童保健等基本公共卫生服务免费向城乡居民提供。此外，针对重点人群和重点区域的重大公共卫生服务项目顺利实施，1169万名和146万名农村适龄妇女分别免费进行了宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查。

Equal access to basic public health service，Is our country life expectancy continue to extend the important system cornerstone。2011 years，Basic public health service per capita in China from 2010 in funds standard 15 yuan increased to 25 yuan。Countries start implementing 10 categories 41 countries basic public health service project，Maternal health care、Children's health care and other basic public health services are free to urban and rural residents provided。In addition，For key crowd and the key areas of major public health service project implementation，11.69 million and 1.46 million rural school-age respectively the women free cervical cancer and breast cancer screening。

　　婴儿死亡率和孕产妇死亡率，是一个国家健康水平的“温度计”。10年前，很多偏远山区农村都有一个古老的职业——“接生婆”。由于医疗条件落后，不少妇女生孩子都在家里，只能请一个有经验的“接生婆”助产。但是，绝大多数“接生婆”没有经过医学专业培训，婴儿死亡率和孕产妇死亡率居高不下。

Infant mortality and maternal mortality，A country's health level“thermometer”。Ten years ago，Many remote rural and mountainous areas have an old career--“Birth attendants”。As medical conditions lag behind，Many women have children are at home，Can only ask a experience“Birth attendants”birth。but，most“Birth attendants”Without a medical professional training，Infant mortality and high maternal mortality rate。

　　如今，“接生婆”这个职业几乎绝迹。2011年，农村住院分娩率从2008年的92.3%提高到98.1%，接近99.56%的城市住院分娩率。农村孕产妇住院分娩补助项目的实施，促进了妇女儿童主要健康指标持续改善。3年来，中央财政共投入79亿元，补助农村孕产妇2726.6万人。据卫生部统计，我国孕产妇死亡率由2000年的53/10万下降到2011年的26.1/10万，处于发展中国家最好水平，接近中等发达国家水平。

now，“Birth attendants”This career almost dried up。2011 years，The results in hospital from 2008 to 92.3%，Close to 99.56% of the city is used in hospital。Rural maternal inpatient delivery subsidy project implementation，Promote the main women and children health index continues to improve。3 years，The central government has invested 7.9 billion yuan，Rural maternal 27.266 million subsidies。According to the health ministry statistics，Maternal mortality rate in China from 2000 in 53/10 descend to 2011 years of 26.1/10，In a developing country better，Close to the level of moderately developed countries。

　　人口平均预期寿命的提高，是各年龄死亡率水平下降综合作用的结果，而婴儿死亡率的下降起着尤为重要的作用。据国家统计局提供的数据，2010年我国婴儿死亡率为13.93%。，比2000年的28.38%。下降14.45个千分点，平均每年下降1.45个千分点。而1990—2000年10年间，我国婴儿死亡率下降4.51个千分点，平均每年下降0.45个千分点。我国的婴儿死亡率不仅继续呈下降趋势，而且下降速度加快。

The average life expectancy improvement，Is the age of the combined action of mortality level by the results，And the decline of the infant mortality rate plays a particularly important role。According to the national bureau of statistics to provide the data，In 2010, an infant mortality rate of 13.93%。，More than 28.38% in 2000。Fell 14.45 permillage points lower，In an average year fell 1.45 permillage points lower。And 1990-2000 in 10 years，Our country infant mortality rates fell 4.51 permillage points lower，In an average year fell 0.45 permillage points lower。Our country not only the infant mortality rates continue to drop，And drop speed。

　　我国是人口大国，也是出生缺陷高发国家。10年来，我国通过开展婚前、孕前、孕期和新生儿保健服务，实施补服叶酸等重大公共卫生服务项目，初步建立了出生缺陷防治体系，促进了出生缺陷三级防治措施的有效落实。全国婚检率由2005年的2.9%提高到2011年的41.0%，新生儿疾病筛查中心达181家。截至2010年，全国已有511家医疗机构开展了产前筛查和产前诊断服务，新生儿遗传代谢性疾病筛查率达62.9%。

Our country is a big population，The birth defects is also badly affected countries。10 years，Our country through the development of the wedding、pregnant、Pregnancy and neonatal health care services，Take folic acid for implementation of major public health service project，Initially established a birth defect prevention and control system，Promote the level of birth defects prevention and control measures to the effective implementation。The national check-ups from 2005 in rate to 2.9% in 2011，Neonatal illness screening center amounted to 181。By the end of 2010，The country had been home in 511 medical institution prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis service，Newborn screening genetic metabolic disease rate is 62.9%。

　　构筑防控传染病“免疫屏障” Construct infectious diseases prevention and control“Immune barrier”

　　38种传染病疫情实现网络直报 38 kind of the epidemic situation of infectious diseases for network straight

　　“绿水青山枉自多，华佗无奈小虫何。”麻疹、天花、血吸虫病等传染病的肆虐，曾是影响人均预期寿命的重要因素。2003年，在经历了非典考验之后，我国构筑起一道道防控传染病的“免疫屏障”。

“Castle peak tis altogether vain green water，Hua tuo but what little worm。”measles、smallpox、Schistosomiasis in other infectious diseases，Life expectancy effect was the important factors。2003 years，After SARS after test，Our country construct a series of prevention and control of infectious diseases“Immune barrier”。

　　我国是儿童免费接种疫苗最多的国家之一。2007年，甲肝疫苗、流脑疫苗等纳入国家免疫规划，可预防15种传染病。2010年，全国共为1.03亿适龄儿童接种麻疹疫苗，这是历史上最大规模的公共卫生干预行动。

Our country is free children vaccinated one of the countries most。2007 years，Armour liver vaccine、Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine into national immunization plan etc，Can prevent 15 an infectious disease。2010 years，The total for 103 million school-age children vaccinal measles vaccine，This is the biggest in history, public health intervention。

　　10年间，面对各种重大突发公共卫生事件的严峻挑战，我国疾病防控从疲于应付到从容应对、从被动迎战到主动出击、从各自为战到多方联动，实现了突发公共卫生事件和38种传染病疫情网络直报，传染病与突发公共卫生事件信息报告管理处于世界领先水平。

10 years，In the face of various major public health emergencies of the severe challenges，Our country from too much for disease control and prevention to deal with、From passive against to the initiative、From did to many linkage，Realize the public health emergencies and 38 an infectious disease outbreak network straight times，Infectious diseases and public health emergencies information report management advanced in the world。

　　2009年，面对全球甲流疫情，我国牢牢把握防疫的主动权，建立并扩大了全国监测网络，率先研制出技术先进的甲流病毒检测试剂，设计了全球规模最大的甲流疫苗临床试验，成为全球第一个完成甲流疫苗研发、第一个大规模使用甲流疫苗的国家。

2009 years，Facing the global flow of a disease，China firmly grasp the initiative of the epidemic，Build and expand the national monitoring network，The advanced technology of the lead in developing a flow virus detection reagents，The design, the world's largest armour flow vaccine clinical trials，Become the first complete a flow vaccine research、The first large-scale use a flow of the national vaccine。

　　大灾之后无大疫。2008年汶川地震发生后，我国第一次运用手机开展大规模的疫情监测报告，建立了灾区疫情直报系统。2010年玉树地震发生后，我国在负压实验室中开展鼠疫检测工作，开创了在高海拔地区使用移动生物安全实验室的先河。

After calamity without the plague。2008 years after the earthquake happened in wenchuan，Our first use mobile phone large-scale epidemic monitoring report，Establish the disaster area epidemic straight report system。2010 s after the earthquake，Our country in the negative pressure in carrying out the plague testing laboratory work，Opened up the high altitudes mobile biological safety lab precedent。

　　10年间，一个覆盖全国的疾病预防控制、传染病救治和紧急救援指挥体系已经形成。全国28个省(区、市)实现消除碘缺乏病目标。血吸虫等重点寄生虫病发病呈下降趋势。艾滋病监测、检测、治疗、干预、母婴阻断覆盖面持续扩大，检测人数、抗病毒治疗人数不断增加。

10 years，A nationwide disease prevention and control、Infectious disease treatment and emergency command system has been formed。The country 28 provinces(area、city)Realize the goal of eliminating idd。Schistosomiasis and so on of parasitic disease to drop。AIDS monitoring、detection、treatment、intervention、Maternal and infant blocking continue to expand coverage，Detection number、Antiviral treatment number increases ceaselessly。

　　环境卫生与人均预期寿命密切相关。10年来，我国深入开展爱国卫生运动，推进农村改水改厕。截至2010年底，农村累计改水受益人口达9.1亿人，占农村总人口的94.9%。6.8亿农村人口饮用自来水，1.7亿户农村家庭使用卫生厕所。2011年底，全国累计命名150个国家卫生城市、32个国家卫生区和456个国家卫生镇。

Environmental health and life expectancy closely related。10 years，Our country carry out in-depth patriotic health campaign，Advancing the improvement of water supplier。By the end of 2010，Rural accumulative total change water benefit 910 million population，Accounting for 94.9% of the total population of countryside。680 million rural people drinking tap water，170 million homes in rural family use sanitation toilets。By the end of 2011，Named after a total of 150 countries health city、32 countries health area and 456 national hygiene。