8月15日，由卫生部颁布的《抗菌药物临床应用管理办法》(以下简称《办法》)已经实施了半个月。

August 15,，Issued by the ministry of public health《Measures for the administration of antimicrobial drugs for clinical use》(Hereinafter referred to as《way》)Has been carried out for half a month。

　　近日，记者走访重庆市部分医院和药店发现，正规大医院执行《办法》较严格，但市民依然能在药店随意买到抗菌药。

recently，Reporters visited chongqing part of hospitals and pharmacies found，Normal big hospital executive《way》Are strict，However, people can still in pharmacy optional buy antibacterial。

　　《办法》规定，医生必须根据患者的症状、体征及血、尿常规等实验室检查结果，初步诊断为细菌性感染者，才能使用抗菌药物，否则将被限制、取消处方权，甚至被暂停执业活动。这意味着，阿莫西林、头孢拉定等消炎药，以及金霉素、氯霉素等10余种含有抗生素的眼药水，患者都要凭医生处方才能购买。

《way》provisions，The doctor must according to patients' symptoms、Signs and symptoms and blood、Routine urine and laboratory test results，Preliminary diagnosis of bacterial infections，Can use of antimicrobial agents，Otherwise, will be limited、Cancel ChuFangQuan，Even stop practising activities。This means that，amoxicillin、Cefradine and anti-inflammatory drugs，And chlortetracycline、Chloramphenicol, etc more than 10 kinds of contain antibiotic eyedrop，Patients will be a doctor's prescription to buy。

医院：执行情况较好 hospital：Execution is better

　　“医生，你给我开点头孢嘛。”15日上午，市五院急诊科主任陈长贵遇到一位主动要求开抗菌药物的患者。患者姓张，今年63岁，患病毒性感冒，陈长贵就按抗病毒治疗的方式给她开了抗病毒冲剂等药。而患者却认为，吃了头孢能消炎，病才好得快。

“The doctor，You gave me some well cephalosporin。”15 morning，City five hospital emergency department director ChenChangGui meet a active request open of antimicrobial agents of the patients。Patients last name is zhang，This year 63 - year - old，Sick toxicity cold，ChenChangGui on antiviral treatment way gave her antiviral drug infusion, etc。While patients with but think，Eat cephalosporin can diminish inflammation，Disease just good fast。

　　“你这是病毒引起的感冒，吃头孢不但没效果，对身体还有影响。”陈长贵给老人解释后，拒绝了她的要求。

“You this is caused by a cold virus，Eat cephalosporin not only didn't effect，For the body and influence。”ChenChangGui gave the old man after explanation，Refused her request。

　　陈长贵表示，自从《办法》实施后，医生不敢轻易开抗菌药，“卫生行政部门有一套严格的评定机制，乱开药要取消处方权。”

ChenChangGui said，since《way》After implementation，The doctor can't easily open antibacterial，“The public health administrative department has a set of strict evaluation mechanism，Disorderly prescribe to cancel ChuFangQuan。”

　　事实上，《办法》中的诸多规定，从去年起就已在我市各医院严格实施。我市还规定：在抗菌药物品种上，三级医院原则上不超过50种，二级医院不超过35种。以市五院为例，抗菌药物只有48种，而且每月会对25%的具有抗菌药物处方权的医师所开具的处方、医嘱进行检查。

In fact，《way》Many of the provisions，From the last year has been in our city hospital strictly implement。Zhuhai also provides：In antibacterial drugs on varieties，Tertiary hospital in principle not more than 50，Secondary hospital no more than 35 species。Five yuan to city as an example，Antibacterial drugs only 48，But monthly for 25% of antimicrobial drugs ChuFangQuan physician issued by prescription、Orders for inspection。

　　“目前，医院实施抗菌药限令情况较好，三级医院抗菌药物临床使用量下降了11.2%，门诊抗菌药物处方比例平均下降20.11%。”市卫生局有关负责人介绍。

“At present，Hospital implementation antibacterial limit make well，Tertiary hospital antibacterial drug clinical usage dropped 11.2%，Outpatient service antimicrobial prescription ratio decrease 20.11%。”The municipal bureau of health concerns chief introduction。

　药店：没有处方也在卖 pharmacy：No prescription also sell

　　与医院的严格执行相比，在药店买抗菌类药并不是什么难事。记者走访了渝北区回兴附近的一家万和大药房发现，不用出示任何处方凭据也能买到抗菌药。

Compared with the hospital strictly carry out，In the drugstore buy antibacterial drugs are not so difficult。The reporter interviewed YuBeiOu back and a nearby and big pharmacy found，Don't show any prescription credential can also buy antibacterial。

　　在药房，记者告诉导购想买一盒消炎药。导购没有半点迟疑，立刻带领记者来到消炎药专柜，任由选择。当记者问及，是否要凭处方购买时，导购只是说，“原则上要，但没有就算了。”最后，记者拿了一盒阿莫西林，并表示要刷医保卡，导购也表示可以。

In the pharmacy，Reporters tell promotions specialist want to buy a box of anti-inflammatory drugs。There is no hesitate range，Immediately escorted reporters came to the anti inflammatory counters，Allow choice。When a reporter asked about，Whether to purchase by prescription，Promotions specialist just said，“In principle to，But not even the。”finally，Reporter took a box of amoxicillin，And said to brush medical insurance card，Promotions specialist also said can。

　　此外，记者还走访了附近多家药房，发现均能轻松买到抗菌药。这其中，只有个别药房的导购简单询问了记者的病状。

In addition，Reporters also visited several pharmacy nearby，Find all can easily buy antibacterial。the，Only individual pharmacy promotions specialist simple asked the reporter's morbidity。

　　据了解，为方便患者买药与保障用药安全，早在2000年1月1日，国家食品药品监督管理局就出台了《处方药与非处方药分类管理办法》，对药品分别按处方药与非处方药进行管理。处方药必须凭执业医师或执业助理医师开具的处方，才可调配、购买和使用。

It is understood，For the convenience of patients to buy medicine and guarantee safe drug use，Early in January 1, 2000，State food and drug administration is introduced《Prescription and non-prescription drugs classification management measures》，For drug separately according to prescription and non-prescription drugs management。Prescription drugs must be by practicing doctors or assistant practicing doctors' prescription issued，To allocate、Buy and use。

　专家：勿盲目相信抗菌药 experts：Don't blindly believe antibacterial

　　“‘感冒要好得快，最好服用抗菌药’本身就是个错误观念。”市第六人民医院内科医生刘星和表示,现在老百姓的观念还没有完全转变，一旦遇到头痛发热之类，最爱先吃抗菌药物，“实际上，感冒也得分清种类，一般的感冒都是病毒感染，应该使用抗病毒药物；而抗菌药抵抗的是细菌感染。”

“‘A cold quickly better，Had better take antibacterial’Itself is a wrong idea。”City people's hospital of 6 physicians liu2 xing and said,Now people idea is still not fully transformation，Once meet headache fever and so on，Love to eat of antimicrobial agents，“In fact，Catch a cold have to distinguish species，The common cold is virus infection，Should use antiviral drugs；And antibacterial resistance is bacterial infection。”

　　刘星和说，除了和老百姓的习惯有关外，这也与过去我们没有限制抗菌药物的使用有关，普通百姓获得抗菌药物非常方便。

Liu2 xing and said，In addition to the common people and the habit of outside，This is also in line with the past we have no restrictions on the use of antimicrobial agents，Ordinary people get antibacterial drugs is very convenient。

　　市食药监局有关负责人表示，近期，我市将出台关于加强抗菌药物的销售和管理文件，加强对零售药店的监督检查力度。一旦发现有未凭处方销售抗菌药物的行为，将给予药店警告，并责令整改。

City food administration officials said，recent，Zhuhai will come on strengthening the antibacterial drug sales and management of the document，To strengthen the supervision and inspection of the retail pharmacy efforts。Once found by prescription sales not antimicrobial actions，Will give a pharmacy warning，And rectification shall be ordered to。

　　不过，购药毕竟是市民的主动行为，我市曾经出现过，药店不卖抗菌药与市民“扯皮”的情况。该负责人表示，除加强对药店的监管外，还将向市民普及抗菌药知识，让其明白过多使用抗菌药物的危害，以做到合理用药。(记者 夏帆李珩）

but，Buy drug is after all the citizens of active behavior，Our city have appeared，Pharmacy don't sell antibacterial and citizens“schmooze”situation。This person in charge said，In addition to strengthen the supervision of the pharmacy outside，Will also to the citizen popular antibacterial knowledge，Let it understand the dangers of excessive use of antimicrobial agents，To achieve rational drug use。(Reporter XiaFan LiHang）