牛初乳禁令背后：孩子不是实验品 Colostrum behind ban：The child is not experiments

　　卫生部日前重申，“婴幼儿配方食品中不得添加牛初乳以及用牛初乳为原料生产的乳制品”，并强调这一要求将自9月1日起执行。消息一出，国内证券市场乳业股普跌，一度销售火爆的牛初乳婴幼儿食品也将面临退市。宣称高营养价值的牛初乳为何被禁止添加到婴幼儿食品中？记者进行了调查。

Ministry of health has reiterated，“Baby formula food may not add colostrum and bovine colostrums as raw material to produce dairy products”，And emphasize the requirements will since September 1。News a，The domestic securities market dairy industry shares tome fell，Once the sales hot colostrum infant food will face delisted。That high nutritional value of bovine colostrums why be banned added to the infant food？Reporters were investigated。

大限将至 商家家长陷入纠结 Time to merchants parents in ravel

　　早在今年4月，卫生部函复国家质检总局关于进口牛初乳类产品适用标准问题时就指出，“婴幼儿配方食品中不得添加牛初乳以及用牛初乳为原料生产的乳制品”。8月13日，卫生部有关负责人进一步明确不得使用牛初乳的范围，即婴幼儿配方食品，包括婴儿配方食品、较大婴儿和幼儿配方食品、特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品这三类食品。

As early as in April this year，The ministry of health me aqsiq about import dairy colostrum products applicable standard problem is pointed out，“Baby formula food may not add colostrum and bovine colostrums as raw material to produce dairy products”。On August 13,，Health ministry officials shall not be used further defined the scope of colostrum，That baby formula food，Including infant formula、Larger babies and infant formula、Special medical use infant formula this three kinds of food。

　　禁令颁布后，国内乳业股票受到冲击。8月14日，光明乳业、皇氏乳业、伊利股份以及在香港上市的蒙牛乳业的股价均出现不同程度下跌。

After the ban was established，The domestic dairy industry stock impact。On August 14,，Bright dairy、Huang's dairy industry、Erie shares listed in Hong Kong and the mengniu milk's share price fell all appear to different degree。

　　国内销售市场也引发连锁反应。记者15日在北京宣武门附近一家大型超市看到，之前销售火热的牛初乳产品，柜台上只剩下亨氏品牌的金装纯牛初乳粉和生命阳光·新西兰品牌的婴儿牛初乳配方粉，后者产品外包装上标注着“专为0-1岁婴儿科学配制”。

Domestic sales market also result in a chain reaction。Reporters 15 in Beijing at a nearby large supermarkets see，Before the sales hot colostrum products，On the counter only heinz brand of a gold pure cow initial powder and life sunshine · New Zealand brand of infant bovine colostrums formula powder，The latter product outer packing to go up to the mark“Designed for 0-1 years old baby science compound”。

　　“这款产品9月1日后就要下架，不建议购买。”超市工作人员告诉记者，由于国家颁布禁令，以后婴幼儿牛初乳配方奶粉不能再出售，店里也只剩下最后两罐，店里所售的其他婴幼儿奶粉都是没有添加牛初乳成分的产品。

“This product after September 1, will next frame，Do not suggest to buy。”The supermarket staff, told reporters，As the ban，After colostrum infant formula milk powder can't sell，The store is just the last two tank，The store sell other infant milk powder are not added colostrum component products。

　　记者在淘宝网、1号店、阿里巴巴等电商网站看到，仍有大量商家在出售牛初乳产品，不少商家还在搞各种促销活动，而一些网店存在误导消费者的行为。一家名为母婴专卖店的淘宝商店正在以“买一送一”的促销手段出售2011年9月产的“新西兰原装纽瑞兹牛初乳粉”，该牛初乳标注的适宜人群包括孕产妇、婴幼儿和老年人。

Reporter in taobao、1 shop、Alibaba, etc DianShangWang stand see，There are still a lot of businessmen in sale of colostrum products，Many businessmen still doing all kinds of promotional activities，And some existing online misdirect consumer behavior。A name of maternal and infant shop taobao shop is in“Buy a send a”Sales promotion means sale of September 2011 to produce“New Zealand original new red at the beginning of this cow milk powder”，The bovine colostrums labeled appropriate crowd including maternal、Babies and infants and the elderly。

　　当记者询问9月1日禁令实施后是否还可购买时，该网店客服人员称，卫生部是指不能将牛初乳添加在奶粉中销售，奶粉是主食，而纯牛初乳宝宝不需要每餐食用，只要早晚各一次就好，所以可以继续吃。该网店的成交记录显示：从7月16日起到8月15日，共有320笔交易。

When reporters asked about the September 1 ban after implementation is still can purchase，The online customer service staff said，The ministry of health is to point to will not colostrum add in milk powder in the sales，Milk powder is staple food，And pure colostrum baby don't need to eat every meal，As long as one time in the morning is good，So can continue to eat。The online transaction records show：From July 16 have August 15,，A total of 320 deal。

　　一些家长也颇为纠结。山东东营市的任女士女儿5岁了，为了给孩子补充营养，女儿两岁前她曾买过大量牛初乳配方奶粉。如今听到这类奶粉被禁卖，她感到十分无奈：“都已经喝了，还能怎么办呢，就当是有好处吧。”一位妈妈网民疑惑地留言：“孩子咳嗽，不知跟喝了牛初乳粉有没有关系，可是网店老板还在卖，到底买不买呢？”

Some parents also rather ravel。Shandong dongying city let lady daughter 5 years old，In order to give the child compensatory nutrition，Daughter two years ago she had bought a large number of bovine colostrums formula。Now hear this kind of milk powder were forbidden to sell，She felt very helpless：“Have drank，Still can do，Just as it is good。”A mother netizens quizzically message：“Child cough，Do not know to drink cow milk powder have at the beginning of the relationship，But the boss is shop sell，Exactly buy it？”

牛初乳身世揭秘：到底有多高营养价值 Colostrum life revelation：How high nutritional value

　　到底何为牛初乳？记者调查发现，目前国内学术界对于牛初乳的定义尚存在分歧，分奶牛产崽后头三天和头七天乳汁两种观点。

Exactly what is bovine colostrums？Reporter survey found，At present domestic academic circles to the definition of colostrum existing differences，Points cows litters come three days and a head for seven days milk two ideas。

　　有专家指出，牛初乳是奶牛产崽后7天之内的乳汁，属于生理异常乳，其物理性质、成分与常乳差别很大，产量低。中国农业大学原食品学院院长、畜产品加工教授南庆贤则认为，牛初乳是指奶牛产崽3天内的乳汁，每天可挤三次，只有这三天内所挤的9次奶才称得上“牛初乳”，而且从第一次奶到第九次奶，营养含量越来越少。

The expert points out，Colostrum dairy cows litters within 7 days after the milk，Belong to the physiological abnormal milk，The physical properties、Composition and often milk difference is very big，Low yield of。China agricultural university, dean of the college of the food、Animal products processing, professor of the south is considered，Bovine colostrums is refers to the cow litters 3 days milk，Three times a day crowded，Only these three days of the nine squeeze the milk to be called“colostrum”，And from the first milk to the ninth milk，Nutrition content of less and less。

　　南庆贤说，与从母体脐带关系获得免疫力的新生婴儿不同，饮用牛初乳是新生小牛获得免疫力的唯一途径，所以第一天的牛初乳一般都是小牛食用，剩下两天的牛初乳才能用来进行加工生产。

South celebration of Yin said，And from the parent umbilical cord relationship get immunity newborn babies of different，Drinking bovine colostrums is the newborn calf the only way for immunity，So the first day of the colostrum are generally the mavericks edible，The remaining two days of bovine colostrums can used for processing production。

　　据介绍，牛初乳在提高人体免疫力等方面的功能价值已得到认可。中国农业大学教授、中国畜产品加工研究会乳品专业委员会副主任罗永康认为，牛初乳蛋白质含量较高，且有大量的免疫因子和生长因子，脂肪和糖含量较低，比较适合年龄大、体弱多病的人食用，在免疫力低的时候可以适当进补。

According to introducing，Colostrum in improve human immunity and other aspects of the function value has been recognized。China agricultural university professor、China animal products processing research dairy professional committee, deputy director of the LuoYongKang think，Colostrum protein content is higher，And there are a lot of immune factors and growth factor，Fat and sugar content is low，Is suitable for big age、Valetudinarian edible，In low immunity may be appropriately supplements。

　　不过，关于牛初乳是否适合产业化开发食用，专家观点也不一致。一种认为牛初乳营养价值高，可以开发食用；一种则认为牛初乳是给小牛食用的，不建议人体食用。

but，About bovine colostrums is suitable for industrialization development edible，Experts point of view are not uniform。A kind of think colostrum high nutritive value，Can develop edible；A argues that bovine colostrums is for the mavericks edible，Do not recommend human food。

　　据了解，国内市场上的牛初乳产品最早是从新西兰进口，近年来国内部分乳品企业也开始开发牛初乳产品。国内知名乳业企业北京三元食品股份有限公司一直没有生产牛初乳产品，三元公司奶源部经理郑健强告诉记者，三元之所以没有在奶粉里添加牛初乳，主要是牛初乳产量很低，“有限的牛初乳主要用来喂养小牛，以满足小牛的生长发育需要，只有奶牛健康了，牛奶才能健康。”

It is understood，The domestic market first colostrum products from New Zealand import，In recent years the domestic part of the dairy enterprise also began to develop colostrum products。The well-known domestic dairy enterprise Beijing three yuan food co., LTD. Has been no production colostrum products，Three yuan company mange manager ZhengJianJiang told reporters，Three yuan are not add in milk powder colostrum，Mainly colostrum yield is very low，“Limited bovine colostrums is mainly used to feed the mavericks，In order to meet the growth and development need，Only the cows healthy，Milk to health。”

利害尚无定论 不能拿孩子做实验 Interest is uncertain can't take the child to do the experiment

　　国家食品安全风险评估中心研究员严卫星说，卫生部基于审慎的原则，通过综合考虑，规定在婴幼儿配方食品中不得添加牛初乳。

The national food safety risk assessment center researchers strict satellite said，The ministry of health based on the principle of prudence，Through the comprehensive consideration of the，Provisions in the baby formula food may not add colostrum。

　　“虽然目前也没有资料和研究成果表明，食用牛初乳会对婴幼儿带来不利影响，但卫生部从防患于未然的角度出台禁令，可以减少风险，是必要的。”罗永康认为。

“Although there are no data and research results show that，Beef colostrum will bring adverse effect in infants and young children，But the ministry of health issued from the point of view of the ban，Can reduce the risk，Is necessary。”LuoYongKang think。

　　“牛初乳对婴幼儿有没有负面影响，不能拿孩子做实验。”南庆贤认为，成年人机体抵抗能力强，饮食结构是综合性的，食用牛初乳可以增强免疫力。但两岁以下的孩子的食谱以奶为主，特别是0-6月的孩子，食品非常单纯。“牛初乳的酸度、营养成分、免疫蛋白球都是有浓度的，因此小孩特别是初生婴儿，不能冒险食用。”

“Colostrum in infants and young children have a negative impact，Can't take the child to do the experiment。”South celebration of Yin think，Adult body resistance ability，Diet structure is comprehensive，Edible bovine colostrums can enhance immunity。But the two children under the age of diet with milk is given priority to，Especially the 0 to 6 months of children，Food is very simple。“Colostrum acidity、nutrition、Immune protein balls are a concentration，So young children especially newborn babies，Can't risk edible。”

　　专家介绍，牛初乳的质量会受到两方面影响，一是牛初乳粉的加工程序比较复杂，不能热加工，热加工会把里面有效成分破坏掉，只能采用技术水平较高的喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥等技术；其次，九次牛初乳间的成分差异很大，营养成分减少很快，越往后的奶营养越差，不能保证奶源的质量，质检部门难以查验。

Expert introduction，Colostrum quality will be affected by two sides effect，One is at the beginning of the ox powder processing program is more complex，Can't hot working，Hot work will be effective components damaged inside，Use only the technical level higher spray drying、Freeze drying technology；secondly，Nine times between colostrum composition difference is very big，Nutrition reduce soon，The more in the future the worse milk nutrition，Can not guarantee the quality of mange，Quality inspection department to examine。

　　据介绍，目前，牛初乳未列入我国婴幼儿配方食品标准及相关标准中，国际上也未允许牛初乳添加到婴幼儿配方食品中。在牛初乳主要进口来源国，澳大利亚将牛初乳作为补充类药物管理，新西兰规定添加牛初乳的膳食补充剂类食品不得用于0至4个月婴儿。

According to introducing，At present，Colostrum not listed in our country baby formula food standards and related standard，The international also not allow colostrum added to the baby formula food。In colostrum import source，Australia will colostrum as supplementary drugs management，New Zealand provisions add colostrum dietary supplements foods shall not be used for 0 to 4 months baby。

　　不过，中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品所研究员杨月欣等专家指出，除卫生部公布的三类配方食品外，其他食品里面可以添加牛初乳。9月1日起执行的规定，也是指这三类配方食品，而不是说9月1日起不能继续销售牛初乳。(记者 赵仁伟 岳瑞芳)

but，China's centers for disease control and prevention nutrition and food YangYueXin researchers and experts say，In addition to the ministry of health announced three formula outside，Other foods can be added in colostrum。On September 1, the provisions of the implementation，Also refers to the three kinds of formula，Instead of saying September 1 can't continue to sell colostrum。(Reporter ZhaoRenWei YueRuiFang)