随笔：假药泛滥令人忧 essays:Counterfeit drugs flood is sorrow

　　一盒香烟在欧美销售的价格约为5美元，一盒治疗癌症等重病的药物往往要价上千美元，而且关乎人命。但现状却是，全球打击假药制造、贩卖的力度远不如对假烟那样严厉。

One carton of cigarettes in Europe and the sales price is about $5,A box of cancer drugs, such as serious illness often price thousands of dollars,And for people.But the present situation is,The global fight against counterfeit drugs manufacture/The strength of selling than to false smoke so severe.

　　假药、劣药泛滥已成世界性难题。在世界卫生组织的国际会议召开前夕，多位学者在新一期《英国医学杂志》上发表文章，呼吁全球加强合作打击假药制造和销售，完善药品质量监管。

Counterfeit drugs/Inferior drugs flood has become a worldwide problem.In the world health organization's international meeting eve,Many scholars in a new period[The British medical journal]Published in,Calls for global cooperation against counterfeit drugs manufacture and sales,Improve the drug quality supervision.

　　由于利润可观，加上监管漏洞，不负责任的厂家和不法分子制造销售假冒、劣质药品的事件在全球屡屡曝光，发展中国家和发达国家都难以幸免。最近多国发生的假药事故就很好地说明这一点。

Due to the reasonable profit,Plus regulatory loopholes,Irresponsible manufacturer and lawlessness molecular manufacturing selling fake/Inferior drug events in the global repeatedly exposure,Developing countries and developed countries are difficult to escape by luck.Recently many fake accident happened very good illustrate this point.

　　今年年初，加拿大和美国市场上就发现假冒抗癌药物阿瓦斯汀(化学名为贝伐单抗)，假药的成分只有淀粉和丙酮，目前还不清楚已有多少患者受影响。在欧盟，官方数据显示，边境上截获的违禁物品中，假药已占最大份额，2011年截获的数量与前一年相比飙升7倍。

Earlier this year,Canada and the United States market will find fake cancer drugs, statins gas(Chemical called beacizumab),The composition of fake drugs only starch and acetone,It is not clear how many patients has been affected.In the European Union,Official figures show,The border intercept the prohibited item,Counterfeit drugs have accounted for the largest share,In 2011 the number of intercept compared with the previous year soar 7 times.

　　除了假药，监管漏洞还让质量不合格的药品流入市场，造成多起事故。美国部分州前段时间出现真菌性脑膜炎疫情，至今已造成至少25人死亡，这一事故正是一家药厂生产的类固醇被真菌污染，导致患者注射后感染脑膜炎。

In addition to counterfeit drugs,Regulatory loopholes still let quality unqualified drugs into the market,Causing crashes.Some parts of the United States states some time ago appear fungal meningitis epidemic,So far has caused at least 25 people were killed,The accident is a pharmaceutical factory production of steroids is fungus pollution,Result in patients after injection infection meningitis.

　　类似的情况也发生在巴基斯坦，当地药厂生产的心脏病药物竟混入过量的抗疟药物成分。劣质药品进入当地医院后，已造成超过120名病患死亡。

A similar situation occurred in Pakistan,The local pharmaceutical factory production of heart disease drugs have interfuse excess of antimalarial drugs in composition.Inferior drugs into the local hospital,Has caused more than 120 patients died.

　　世卫组织给出了一组让人担忧的数据：全球近三分之一的国家仅实行了有限的药物监管，或完全没有采取任何措施。而在发展中国家，超过10%的药物可能是假药或低于质量标准的药物，其中在亚洲和非洲部分地区，抗疟疾药物的造假现象尤为严重。

The world health organization gives a group of worrying data:Global nearly a third of country only a limited drug supervision,Or did not take any measures.In developing countries,More than 10% of the drug may be fake or below the quality standard of drugs,Among them in Asia and parts of Africa,Anti-malaria drug false phenomenon is particularly serious.

　　对损害健康的烟草，各国已签署了《烟草控制框架协议》，有严厉的措施打击制贩假烟的行为。但在药品领域，各国政府却迟迟没有达成相关协议，原因何在？

To damage the health of tobacco,More and more countries have signed[Framework convention on tobacco control],A stern measures against launched false smoke behavior.But in pharmaceutical field,Governments are dragging didn't reach relevant agreement,why?

　　对此，加拿大渥太华大学的阿米尔·阿塔兰等多个医学机构专家在《英国医学杂志》的文章中指出，两方面的因素制约着药品质量监控：药品知识产权的障碍、各国监管法规不协调引起的混乱。

this,Of the university of Ottawa, Canada amir · o tower LAN, and other medical institutions experts in[The British medical journal]Article points out,Two factors restricts the drug quality control:Pharmaceutical intellectual property obstacle/Countries supervision regulations not harmonious cause confusion.

　　知识产权在形成药品质量国际监管体系的道路上是一个突出障碍。比如印度，许多药厂出产的药是国际大制药公司专利产品的廉价版，这让低收入家庭有机会获得更好的药物治疗。但如果达成相关的国际监管法规，印度方面就担心，西方大公司会为了自身利益利用其中条款限制廉价药物销售。其他发展中国家也表达过类似担忧。

Intellectual property rights in shaping the drug quality international supervision system on the road is a prominent obstacles.India, for instance,,Many pharmaceutical factory produce medicine is the international big pharmaceutical companies patent product of cheap edition,This let low-income families have the opportunity to get a better drug therapy.But if we come to the relevant international supervision regulations,India's government is worried about,The western big companies will be their own interests in order to utilize one clause limit cheap drug sales.Other developing countries also expressed a similar concerns.

　　这种情况也确实出现过。有媒体报道，在东非地区，一些大制药公司就曾利用当地法律不完善，限制竞争对手的廉价药物在市场销售，以保护自身利益。这导致当地低收入人群无法获得相应的药品。

This kind of situation is also true that appeared.Media reports,In the east African region,Some big pharmaceutical companies had the use of local law does not perfect,Limit competition of cheap drugs sold on the market,In order to protect their own interests.This leads to the local low-income people cannot obtain appropriate drugs.

　　此外，由于目前各国在药品监管方面具有不同的标准，对“假药”的定义就不尽相同，监管机构很难实现跨境合作来打击假药的走私和贩卖，这给了不法分子很大活动空间。

In addition,Because the present various countries in the drug regulatory have different standard,to"Counterfeit drugs"The definition is not the same,Regulators difficult to realize cross-border cooperation to blow the fake drugs smuggling and sold,This gives illegal molecular great activity space.

　　在国际合作日趋紧密的当下，全球已对控烟、人口贩卖和洗钱等重大问题达成有约束力的协议，相关措施也显示了一定效果。因此专家呼吁，各国应尽快就药品质量监管问题达成相应的国际框架协议，遏制假药和劣药流入市场。

In the international cooperation of the increasingly close,Global already to tobacco control/Human trafficking and money laundering major issues a binding agreement,Relevant measures also show a certain effect.So experts called for,Countries should as soon as possible the drug quality supervision is a corresponding international framework agreement,Contain fake and inferior drugs into the market.

　　专家提出的建议包括：应该将相关法规的重心从保护商业利益转向保护公众健康；要对不同种类的非法假冒药品形成一个清晰且各国认同的定义；投入更多资源建立透明的监管体系，并对这个全球性问题开展深入研究。(记者 张家伟)

Experts suggested including:Of relevant laws and regulations should be shifted from protection business interests to protect public health;To different kinds of illegal counterfeit drugs to form a clear definition of identity and countries;Invest more resources to create transparent supervision system,And to this global problem to carry out in-depth study.(Reporter ZhangGuWei)