“办理准生证需盖章签字40多个”、“新婚夫妇为办准生证奔波两地长达三年无果”。最近，这样两则新闻成为了社会热议的焦点。关于办理“生育服务证”(文中以“准生证”代称)困难的问题，近年来一直被频频提起，多少个满怀希望迎接新生命的家庭被一纸准生证“难”住，因为不能顺利拿到而无法在公立医院建档，甚至不能给孩子出生后一个身份。其实，准生证原本是国家管理人口政策的产物，但是在存在了几十年后，准生证对有些人来讲甚至变成了“折腾证”，办准生证到底卡在哪儿了呢？

"To deal with ZhunShengZheng need to affix one's seal signed more than 40"/"The couple to do ZhunShengZheng on the run for three years without both".recently,So two news become the focus of the social hot debate.For about"Birth you"(In this paper"ZhunShengZheng"alfa)Difficult problem,In recent years has been mentioned repeatedly,How many full of hope to meet new life's family is a paper ZhunShengZheng"difficult"live,Because we can not successfully get to keep in public hospitals,Can't even give the child was born a identity.In fact,ZhunShengZheng originally is the product of country management population policy,But in a few decades there,ZhunShengZheng to some people speaking even became"Flounder card",Do ZhunShengZheng exactly where the card?

“孩子都要出生了，证还没办下来” "Children are born,Card has not done"

　　“没有准生证和母子健康档案，没法建档。”坐在分诊台里的护士大手一挥，将李女士递上去的各种检查结果和资料推到了桌边。28岁的李女士怀孕三个月，她的户口在贵州老家，爱人是北京户口。“家人想把孩子的户口落到北京，可要随父落户，需要女方户籍所在地出具一系列的证明。”李女士说，因为毕业后就留在北京工作，属于流动人口，远在贵州的户籍所在地以其本人不在贵州为由，不给她开初婚未育证明，北京当地的居委会则要求李女士只能回户籍所在地办理相关手续。

"No ZhunShengZheng and mother and child health files,Couldn't keep."Sitting in FenZhen table in big nurse a sweep,Ms. Li will pass up a variety of inspection results and data back to the table.Ms. Li, 28, three months pregnant,Her account in guizhou their hometown,Love is a Beijing hukou."Family want to take the children to the registered permanent residence of Beijing,Can want to settle with the father,The census register seat to issue a series of proof."Ms. Li said,Because after graduation, remaining to work in Beijing,Belongs to the floating population,Far guizhou census register seat by its I am not in guizhou grounds,Don't give her open first marriage without kids proof,Beijing local neighborhood committee calls for ms. Li can only back to census register seat through the related formalities.

　　办准生证时，李女士的爱人第一次去时少带了单位证明，第二次到了又被通知还要所在地居委会盖章，直到刚回来的第三次，即便他随身携带着夫妻双方的户口、身份证、房产证等诸多证件，生怕当地的机构突然需要某项材料，但还是因为材料缺少一个章，又一次“失败”归来。就这样即便花费了大量人力物力，到该建档时，李女士还是没能在公立医院建上。“在这家医院建档需要准生证和母子健康档案，去社区医院领取母子健康档案的时候也需要准生证，没有这个证，就意味着我没法建档，不行就只能去私立医院生了。”李女士说。她从未想过办准生证这么麻烦，现在已经在贵州当地四处找人托关系，看能不能凑齐办理证件所需要的材料和要盖的章。

ZhunShengZheng do when,Ms. Li love first to take less when the unit proof,The second to and be notified to the neighborhood committee affix one's seal,Just got back until the third,Even though he carried the couple registered permanent residence/Id card/House property card, and many other documents,For fear that local institutions suddenly need a material,But because the material or the lack of a chapter,again"failure"return.So even spent a great deal of manpower material resources,When filing to the,Ms. Li didn't in public hospitals on the building."In the hospital to keep ZhunShengZheng and mother and child health files,To community hospitals get mother and child health file also need to ZhunShengZheng,Without this card,Means that I can't keep,No can only go to a private hospital was born."Ms. Li said.She had never thought to do ZhunShengZheng so trouble,Now in guizhou local get around "relationship,See if you can gather together together to deal with documents needed materials and to cover chapter.

　　已在北京生活多年，并已买房安居的张女士，比李女士的遭遇更加悲惨，她自己都说，在孩子出生前办好准生证基本上是一件不可能完成的任务。张女士的户籍在湖南，老公在辽宁，都属于户籍不在北京的“双外人员”。11月14日，怀孕已6个月的张女士拿着厚厚一沓资料，第四次来到北京朝阳区某居委会，希望能办理北京市外来人口生育服务联系单，以便能拿到生育保险。结果再次以材料不足为由，遭到了拒绝。记者翻了翻她的材料，有男女双方单位、户籍所在地开具的初婚未育证明、双方结婚证、户口本等一系列材料。张女士说，为了开这些材料，她从知道怀孕开始就和老公分头办理，历时半年，到各机构盖了至少有20多个章，路费就花了上万，但每次都因为各地政策不同以及突然的新变化无法成功。“辽宁和湖南都有当地的政策，北京同样也有很多规定。”张女士说，她的整个孕期都没能好好享受过美好的怀孕时光，而是一次次走进各种机构，得到工作人员冰冷的拒绝时，总有种“不该要孩子”的冲动。

Already living in Beijing for many years,And has to buy a house ensconced ms. Zhang,Than ms. Li experience more miserable,She said,The children were born to do good ZhunShengZheng is basically a mission impossible.Ms. Zhang household in hunan,The husband in liaoning,All belong to the household registration is not in Beijing"Double personnel outside the".On November 14,Pregnancy has six months of ms. Zhang with a thick wadge material,The fourth came to Beijing chaoyang district, a neighborhood committee,Hope to be able to deal with Beijing foreign population birth service linked list,In order to get birth insurance.Results in lack of materials for again,Was rejected.Reporters have doubled in her material,Are men and women both parties unit/Census register seat of the issue of the first marriage without kids proof/The marriage certificate/Hu kou book and a series of materials.Ms. Zhang said,In order to open these materials,She know pregnant start from my husband and dealt with separately,Last half year,To agencies cover at least more than 20 chapters,Money is spent tens of thousands of,But every time around because different policy and the new changes suddenly can not succeed."Liaoning and hunan has local policy,Beijing also has a lot of rules."Ms. Zhang said,Her whole pregnancy could not enjoy happy pregnancy time,But time went into all kinds of institutions,Get staff cold refused,Total have a"Shouldn't have a child"impulse.

　　张女士询问了周围情况相同的朋友，发现只要是夫妻双方户口均不在当地的外来流动人口，几乎所有人都在办理准生证上受到阻拦，而他们最后办理成功的秘诀往往有两种：找关系和“刻萝卜章”。她的同事夏先生，就是在回海南办理准生证遭到拒绝后，在街道办门口被迫花了500元，请“刻章办证”的人“帮”他补齐了手续。

Ms. Zhang asked surrounding the same friends,Found that as long as both sides of husband and wife are not registered permanent residence local foreign floating population,Almost everyone in ZhunShengZheng dealt with by block,And in the end they deal with the secret of success often have two:Find relations and"Carved turnip chapter".Her colleague Mr. Summer,Is in the back to hainan to deal with ZhunShengZheng after being rejected by the,In the neighborhood were forced to spent 500 yuan,please"Seals rush"people"help"He polishing the formalities.

　　如今，像上面两个被准生证难住的家庭在生活中并不少见，网上的各大论坛中，很多人诉说着相同的经历或感慨：“我们老家要求生完孩子后必须上环，有出生证明和节育证明才给开准生证”、“生孩子需要批准，我挺着8个月的肚子回东北老家办准生证的时候，差点流产”……

now,Like the two above ZhunShengZheng was puzzled family in life is not rare,Online in the BBS,A lot of people telling the same experience or feeling:"Our hometown requirements after giving birth must on the ring,A birth certificate and birth control to prove to the ZhunShengZheng"/"Children need approval,I was 8 months stomach back home to do the ZhunShengZheng northeast,Almost abortion"...

办准生证到底“卡”在哪 Do ZhunShengZheng exactly"card"where

　　原本是一个个满怀着希望迎接新生命的家庭，但却需要历尽千辛万苦才能在孩子出生后给他一个身份。办理这样一纸小小的“准生证”，却遇到了想象不到的磨难。

Originally is a full of hope to meet new life's family,But need experienced difficulty in after the child is born to give him a identity.To deal with such a small paper"ZhunShengZheng",But met can't imagine the hardships.

　　各地政策不同。“准生证难办，主要是出现在流动人口身上，如果双方属于同一地区且户籍都在当地，办起来还是相对简单的。”北京市朝阳区某街道办管理计划生育的负责人汪先生这样告诉记者。据他了解，我国各地准生政策相差甚远，虽然都是去户籍所在地的街道计生部门办理，但有何限制、需要提供什么证明，都不大一样。这就给许多不在当地，但需要办理准生证的人带来更多困难。

Policy different around."ZhunShengZheng difficult,Mainly appear in the body of the floating population,If the parties to belong to the same area and census register in the local,Do up or relatively simple."Beijing chaoyang district a neighborhood in charge of the management of family planning that Mr Wang told reporters.According to his understanding,Our country quasi birth policy differs very far,Although all is to census register seat streets or department,But what is the limit/Need to provide proof of what,Are different.This will give many is not local,But need to deal with ZhunShengZheng brings more difficult.

　　流动人口管理难度大。据2010年的人口普查发现，我国流动人口已达2.2亿。“准生证”是涉及到户籍的大问题，而城市流动人口“人户分离”，户籍状况复杂。就北京市而言，流动人口已超过千万，在计划生育的管理方面，存在非常大的难度。我国《流动人口计划生育工作条例》规定，流动人口计划生育工作“以现居住地人民政府为主，户籍所在地人民政府予以配合”。事实上，多数居住地并不掌握流动人口的生育状况，户籍地又常以人不在当地为由，无法跟踪。这就导致大家必须在不同省市来回奔波，加大了办理难度。

The management of the floating population is difficult.According to the 2010 census found,The floating population in our country has reached 220 million."ZhunShengZheng"Relating to the census register of big problem,And urban floating population"Hushai the separation",Census register condition complex.Beijing is in,Floating population has more than ten million,In family planning management,Existence very big difficulty.Our country[Hobo family planning work regulations]provisions,Hobo family planning work"The people's government to reside a dwelling place to give priority to,The people's government of the census register seat shall be fit".In fact,Most of the residence is not of the floating population of fertility status,Assess and often in out of the local grounds,Cannot tracking.This will lead to must all in different provinces and cities rides,Increase the difficulty to deal with.

　　所需材料及流程过于复杂。要想办成一张“准生证”，所需的材料及手续十分繁复。曾有人将办理准生证做了这样的概括：盖章、签字40多个，接触单位10多个，接触工作人员60人，耗时两个月。在北京工作的汤小姐和老公都是湖南人，已怀孕6个多月的她无奈地表示：“我一个本科生，看不懂长沙市的《办理生育证服务指南》，打了三四个电话才搞明白。”

Needed materials and process is too complicated.If you want to be a"ZhunShengZheng",The materials and procedures are very complicated.People have to deal with ZhunShengZheng do such generalizations:Affix one's seal/Signed more than 40,Contact more than 10 units,Contact staff 60 people,Takes two months.Working in Beijing miss tang and husband are people of hunan,Already pregnant 6 months she reluctantly said:"I'm an undergraduate,Look not to understand in changsha city[For birth certificate service guide],Played three or four telephone to understand."

　　有些办理人员不作为。记者在调查中发现，许多手续办理不顺畅，一部分也源于工作人员没有详细告知造成。往往当你准备好材料递交上去后，才告诉你还缺什么。不仅如此，不负责任的工作态度让“办理不了”成为了相关办事人员“踢皮球”的口头禅，基层的办事效率和行政管理水平也常让人吃“闭门羹”。

Some conduction personnel as not.Reporter in the survey found,Many procedure not smooth,Part of the staff is no detailed told cause.Often when you are ready to submit to go up behind,Just tell you what I lack.Not only that,Irresponsible attitude let"To deal with the"Become the related clerk"Kick a ball"mantra,Grass-roots to handle affairs the efficiency and administrative level also often make people eat"Given a cold shoulder".

　　此外，在申请办理“准生证”时，自身准备不足也在一定程度上让办理难上加难。人民网舆情检测室的分析发现，8%的人认为“证没办好，申办者也有责任”。按照规定，“准生证”要双方提供“已婚”证明，但很多人婚后没有及时更新婚姻状况。不少人以为办准生证很简单，等到怀孕七八个月时才着手，对办理流程、所需证明等不甚熟悉，因此都吃了亏。

In addition,In apply for"ZhunShengZheng"when,Their own to inadequate preparation also to a certain extent to deal with extremely difficult.The analysis found that people net public opinion measure the room,8% of the people think"Card not done good,Bid for the person also have responsibility".According to the regulation,"ZhunShengZheng"To provide the"married"proof,But a lot of people married not update marital status.Many people think that do ZhunShengZheng is very simple,Wait until 7 or 8 months pregnant when it set out to,To deal with process/That is not very familiar with, such as needed,Therefore all ate the deficit.

“准生证”该不该废除 "ZhunShengZheng"This shouldn't be abolished

　　准生制度是国家为了方便管理人口的一项制度，准生证是其产物。但是随着流动人口的增多，办理准生证却越来越“复杂”了，甚至给一些人带来了不少麻烦。那么，准生证是否还适合当下社会的实情，具有存在的必要？腾讯网一项涉及了11万人的网络调查中，99%的网友认为“准生证已不符合时代，应该废除”。

Quasi birth is a national system in order to facilitate the management of the population of a system,ZhunShengZheng is its product.But with the increase of floating population,To deal with ZhunShengZheng is more and more"complex"the,Even some people brought to a lot of trouble.so,ZhunShengZheng is also suitable for the present society,There is necessary?Tencent a involved 110000 people in the Internet survey,99% of the netizens think"ZhunShengZheng already does not conform to the time,Should be abolished".

　　“如今，很多人都说‘准生证’变成了‘折腾证’。我也看到一对夫妇3年没办下‘准生证’的报道。我赞同取消它。”南开大学人口与发展研究所李建民教授这样告诉《生命时报》记者。他表示，“准生证”的出现，与当时的计划生育政策有关，目的是为了防止超生。记者了解到，我国的计划生育政策已实行30多年，在当时的社会环境下，有利于我国经济社会的发展和人口的控制。改革开放初期，绝大多数城市人口属于“单位人”，户籍管理和计划生育管理都较简单。但随着城市改革的深入，职工离职或下岗、大批外来人口进入城市等，让计划生育管理难度加大。从20世纪80年代后期开始，就已经出现了质疑“准生证”作用的声音。而发展到现在，准生证制度已经给老百姓带来了太多麻烦，管理环节太多，所需证明过于复杂，甚至有些工作人员借此牟取私利，滋生腐败。

"now,A lot of people said‘ZhunShengZheng’became‘Flounder card’.I also saw a couple 3 years not to do next‘ZhunShengZheng’reports.I agree to cancel it."Nankai university population and development LiJianMin institute professor told[Life times]reporter.He said,"ZhunShengZheng"appear,And the family planning policies,The purpose is to prevent super living.The reporter understands,China's family planning policy has a more than 30 years,At the time of the social environment,Conducive to China's economic and social development and the population control.The early reform and opening up,Most of the city population belongs to"Unit people",The household registration and family planning management are more simple.But with the deepening of the reform of the city,Employee turnover or laid-off/A large number of foreign population into the city, etc,Let the family planning management difficulty increase.Since the 1980 s,Have been questioned"ZhunShengZheng"Action voice.And development up to now,ZhunShengZheng system has given people brought too much trouble,Management link too much,All required supporting too complex,Even some staff to seek self-interest,corruption.

　　有人担心取消“准生证”后，会导致很多人超生。在李建民看来，这是一个“伪命题”。现在有些人办不办“准生证”都会超生，单靠一纸“准生证”是卡不住的。如今人口流动这么大，该证反而让遵纪守法、符合生育条件，但没及时或忽略办理的人不断被折腾。实际上，目前在内蒙古、广东等部分地区，已经取消了“准生证”，采用的是登记备案制。还有人表示，准生制度完全可以通过信息化管理来简化流程，甚至是一个人的婚育状况。

There are fears that the cancel"ZhunShengZheng"after,Can lead to a lot of people super living.In LiJianMin seems,This is a"Pseudo proposition".Now some people do not to do"ZhunShengZheng"Will super living,Single rely on a paper"ZhunShengZheng"Is card not.Nowadays population flow so big,Instead let described the law/Conforms to the condition family,But no timely or ignore to deal with people is being constantly flounder.In fact,At present in the Inner Mongolia/Guangdong and some other areas,Has been canceled"ZhunShengZheng",Use is register records.Others said,Quasi birth system can completely through the information management to simplify process,Even a person's parity status.

　　了解到现在不少家庭对“准生证”制度的抱怨态度，专家也表示理解。他们表示，准生证制度应逐渐顺应社会的发展，但在全国范围内取消“准生证”尚需一段时间。所以，为了能顺利办理“准生证”，结婚后夫妻双方应及时更新户口本上的婚姻状态，将未婚改为已婚。在打算怀孕生子时，就可以提前查阅相关规定，先了解具体的办理流程、所需材料等，可先通过电话沟通清楚再办理，少走冤枉路。(记者 江大红 王 月)

To know now to many families"ZhunShengZheng"System of complaints attitude,Experts also said that understanding.They say,ZhunShengZheng system should be gradually conform to the development of the society,But all across the country, cancel"ZhunShengZheng"Still needs to be a period of time.so,In order to well deal with"ZhunShengZheng",After getting married, both sides of husband and wife should update registered permanent residence this getting on marital status,Will be unmarried to married.When in going to conceive and bear a son,You can refer to the relevant provisions in advance,To understand the specific transaction process/Required materials,Can be through the telephone communication clearly dealt with again,Less a direct path to success.(Reporter jiang red on the king)