11月22日，卫生部副部长黄洁夫在广东亲自主刀做完器官捐献移植手术后表示，将考虑对器官捐献者提供人道救助，并对中国器官捐献在未来两年内脱离对死刑囚犯捐献的依赖充满信心。

On November 22,Vice minister of health HuangJieFu in guangdong personally operator finish organ donation after transplant said,Will consider organ donor to provide humanitarian assistance,And the Chinese organ donation in the next two years to the death penalty from prisoners donor rely on full of confidence.

　　器官捐献摆脱对死囚的依赖，不仅面临观念和制度困境，且面临复杂的技术困难。

Organ donation to get rid of the dependence on death row,Not only face concept and system trouble,And faced with complex technical difficulties.

　　中国红十字会不久前获中编办批准设立中国人体器官捐献管理中心，其职责包括制定救助办法，但对捐献者的经济补助究竟能在多大程度上激励器官捐献，尚不得而知。

The Red Cross society of China recently approved by ZhongBianBan China human organ donation management center,Its responsibilities include formulate rescue measures,But to the donor's economic aid to what extent incentive organ donation,Is still unknown.

　　

救助补偿激励器官捐献 Salvage compensation incentive organ donation

　　按照目前的态势发展下去，也许近两年内，中国就能脱离对死刑犯器官捐献的依赖，这是黄洁夫最乐观的估计。

According to the current situation on the development,Maybe in the last two years,China can from death to the dependence of organ donation,This is HuangJieFu the most optimistic estimate.

　　11月22日晚，在广州军区总医院，黄洁夫连续两天主刀器官移植手术，他一共要完成三例手术。

On November 22 late,Military general hospital in guangzhou,HuangJieFu two successive days operate the organ transplant operation,He has to finish three cases of surgery.

　　这次手术能顺利进行，得益于广东省英德市的第一例器官捐献，捐献者是17岁的少女吴华静。

This operation can be carried out smoothly,Thanks to the city of guangdong province the first case of organ donation,The donor is girl of seventeen WuHuaJing.

　　自2010年3月2日卫生部与红十字会启动人体器官捐献试点工作，到今年9月30日，全国共完成人体捐献465例，捐献器官共1279个。

Since March 2, 2010 the ministry of health and the Red Cross start human organ donation pilot work,To September 30,,The national total 465 cases of complete human contributions,A total of 1279 donated organs.

　　在这近两年的时间里，中国器官捐献还完成了一个重要的体制突破，首设专门的管理部门。

In the nearly two years of time,China organ donation also completed an important breakthrough in the system,The first set of special management department.

　　今年7月，中编办批准中国红十字会设立中国人体器官捐献管理中心。

July,ZhongBianBan approved the Red Cross society of China and set up the human organ donation management center.

　　在这之前，中国器官捐献工作一直缺少专门的管理机构，器官捐献只是中国红十字总会赈济救护部的工作之一。

Before that,China organ donation work has been the lack of specialized management institutions,Organ donation just China Red Cross always relief rescue of the department of one of the work.

　　王平是中国红十字会赈济救护部部长。他表示，升格后的中国人体器官捐献管理中心是红十字会的直属单位，共16个编制。

Wang ping is the Red Cross society of China relief aid minister.He said,Environment of China human organ donation management center is the Red Cross subordinate units,16 a compilation.

　　不过现在这个中心仅有一名主任和两名工作人员，其他人员仍在向社会公开招聘中。

But now the center there is only one director, two staff,Other researchers are still in the recruitment to the public.

　　王平预计，明年这个机构将完成筹建。

Wang ping is expected to,Next year the agency will complete the preparation.

　　筹建完成后，该中心将主要负责参与人体器官捐献的宣传动员、捐献捐赠、报名登记，公平分配、见证缅怀及信息平台建设等相关工作。“中国正在尝试建立一个公民器官捐献体系”。

After completion of the,This center will be involved in the human organ donation is mainly responsible for the publicity of mobilization/Contributions donated/register,Fair distribution/Witness recall and information platform construction and other related work."China is trying to build a citizen organ donation system".

　　按照目前的态势发展下去，也许近两年内，中国就能脱离对死刑犯器官捐献的依赖，这是黄洁夫最乐观的估计。

According to the current situation on the development,Maybe in the last two years,China can from death to the dependence of organ donation,This is HuangJieFu the most optimistic estimate.

　　为了能让更多的人成为器官捐献志愿者，也考虑到器官捐献者在医院治疗过程中的医疗费用负担和捐赠者的实际困难，黄洁夫在广州表示，器官移植将考虑进行人道救助经济补偿。包括住院医疗费用的减免、捐赠者家庭的医疗保险、困难救助、学费优惠、税收减免、殓葬费用等都可以纳入补偿的范围，他并表示这项工作应由红十字会负责。

In order to let more people become organ donation volunteers,Also consider organ donor in the course of treatment in the hospital medical expense burden and donor practical difficulties,HuangJieFu in guangzhou said,Organ transplantation will consider economic compensation for humanitarian aid.Including medical treatment of be in hospital cost reduction/Donors family medical insurance/Difficult salvage/Tuition fee discount/Tax breaks/So was buried expenses, etc can be included in the scope of compensation,He also said the work shall be responsible for the Red Cross.

　　在业内人士看来，黄杰夫低估了人道救助和经济补偿的复杂性。到目前为止，由于种种现实问题，两年多的试点工作还没有探索出一个适于在全国推行统一的救助机制。

In the personage inside course of study looks,HuangJieFu underestimated the humanitarian aid and the complexity of the economic compensation.So far,As a result of a variety of realistic problems,More than two years of trial work have not find a suitable for in the national implementation of the unified relief mechanism.

　　

器官捐献救助的法律障碍 Organ donation assistance of the legal barriers

　　从法律来看，红十字会在器官捐献中的职责和地位缺少法律依据。

From the legal to see,The Red Cross in the organ donation of the duty and position the lack of legal basis.

　　“我们的初衷是设计出来救助体系，对需要帮助的器官捐献者进行救助”。但王平认为，这件事太复杂了，并不是想象的那么简单。

"Our original intention is to design out assistance system,To need help help organ donor".But wang ping think,This matter is too complicated,Imagination is not so simple.

　　从法律来看，红十字会在器官捐献中的职责和地位缺少法律依据。

From the legal to see,The Red Cross in the organ donation of the duty and position the lack of legal basis.

　　根据2007年3月国务院通过的《器官移植条例》第4条规定，各级红十字会依法参与人体器官捐献的宣传等工作。

According to the state council in March 2007 through[Organ transplant regulations]Prescribed in article 4,The Red Cross societies at various levels shall be entitled to participate in the human body organ donation propaganda, etc.

　　问题出在这个“等”字上，不同的人有不同的理解，理解的差异直接导致了各地在器官捐赠工作上的作为差异。

The problem in this", etc"On the word,Different people have different understanding,Understand the differences led directly to the local organ donation work as a difference.

　　“条例后面有个‘等’字，看怎么理解了”，王平说，卫生部对红十字会开展器官捐献工作有委托，这种委托肯定不仅仅局限在宣传上。

"Regulations behind have a‘, etc’word,How to understand the",WangPingShui,The ministry of health to the Red Cross to carry out organ donation work have entrusted,This kind of entrust must not only on advertising.

　　浙江省红十字会副会长高翔表示，要推行大规模的器官捐献工作，在国家层面缺乏有力的法律依据。

The Red Cross society of zhejiang province vice President of towering said,To introduce a massive organ donation work,At the national level the lack of powerful legal basis.

　　自2010年开始试点的16个省区市中，只有上海没有开展器官捐献工作，原因即为法规不健全，依据不充分。王平亦认可这种理解差异导致的后果。

Since 2010 pilot 16 of these,Only in Shanghai no organ donation work,Reason is the imperfect laws and regulations,According to the insufficiency.Wang ping also recognized this kind of understanding differences lead to consequences.

　　

器官捐献缺少协调配合机制 Organ donation lack of coordination mechanism

　　由于器官捐献缺乏一套协调配合机制，红十字会往往得不到来自其他政府工作部门的支持和协助。

Due to the lack of organ donation a coordination mechanism,The Red Cross often get from other government department support and assistance.

　　救助资金来源不明确没有法律依据，器官捐献的救助很难开展。

Rescue capital source is not clear no legal basis,Organ donation aid it is difficult to carry out.

　　不过这种状况在今后可能会有所改变。

But this situation may change in the future.

　　今年3月22日在杭州召开的器官捐献总结大会上，中国红十字会副会长郝林娜曾透露，在《器官捐献条例》的修订稿中，红十字会的职责将进一步明确。

This year on March 22,, to be held in hangzhou on the organ donation summarization convention,The Red Cross society of China HaoLinNa had revealed that the vice President,in[Organ donation regulations]Of in the,The Red Cross duties will be further clear.

　　不过该条例的修订目前尚未有更多的进展。

But the bill's revision is not yet a more progress.

　　法律依据不足只是问题的一个方面，在试点中，更大的困难来自红十字会的协调力。

Lack of legal basis is only one aspect of the problem,In the pilot,More difficult from the Red Cross coordination force.

　　由于器官捐献缺乏一套协调配合机制，在需要其他政府工作部门给予支持和协助时往往颇费周折。

Due to the lack of organ donation a coordination mechanism,In the need to other government departments give support and assistance in often have a hard time winning.

　　王平透露，红十字总会一直希望在国家层面成立一个协调委员会，把相关的民政部、交通部、公安部等部委纳入到这个框架中。

Wang ping revealed,The Red Cross will have been hoping that at the national level to set up a coordination commission,The ministry of civil affairs related/The ministry of communications/The ministry of public security and ministries and commissions into this framework.

　　但因为器官捐献工作正处于试点阶段，“协调单位多了，可能最后连启动试点工作都会有困难”。王平说。

But because of organ donation work is in the pilot phase,"The coordination unit,May finally even start pilot work will have difficulties".WangPingShui.

　　在国家层面，基金到底怎么设计、资金从哪里来等核心问题，至今也没有确定。

At the national level,Fund what design/Where funds from core problem,So far no sure.

　　制度和体制障碍之外的问题，是如果开展器官捐献的救助和补偿资金从哪里来。

System and system obstacle outside,Is that if the organ donations to carry out relief and compensation funds come from.

　　红十字总会现在并没有器官捐献的专项基金。

The Red Cross will now and no organ donation special fund.

　　在上述全国人体器官捐献试点工作总结会上，一项重要的议题就是讨论全国性的《人体器官捐献基金管理办法》。

In the above the national human organ donation pilot summing-up meeting,An important issue is discussed nationwide[Human organ donation fund management measures].

　　但最终并没有一个很好的答案。

But in the end and not a very good answer.

　　红十字会目前采取“社会筹集一点，政府补贴一点，移植医院减免一点，受捐者出一点”的办法，根据贫困捐献者家属的申请对其进行适当救助。

The Red Cross being taken"Social raise a little,A government subsidy,Transplantation hospital breaks a little,ShouJuanZhe out a little"way,According to the poor donor family application carry on the appropriate assistance.

　　深圳市是目前器官捐献工作做得比较好的地区。深圳市红十字会专职副会长赵丽珍认为救助的确能激励器官捐献，该会对捐赠者情况的粗略分析显示，大部分捐献者的经济收入偏下。

Shenzhen is the organ donation work better area.Shenzhen city Red Cross full-time vice President ZhaoLiZhen think salvage indeed can inspire organ donation,To which the rough analysis showed that the donor,Most of the donor's economic income offset.

　　深圳市红十字会建设了一个医疗救助专项基金。赵丽珍说，器官捐献完成以后的医疗欠费，他们会根据情况协调医院给予减免，家里有孩子或老人特别贫困的，也会进行专项救助。

Shenzhen city Red Cross construction a medical treatment special fund.ZhaoLiZhen said,Organ donation after completion of a medical owe,According to the circumstances they will coordinate the hospital to give relief,Home have children or old man special poor,Can also provide special assistance.

　　高翔透露：浙江救助基金则有部分财政支持而且不会因捐献人的具体情况而有所差异。

Towering revealed:Zhejiang rescue funds are part of the financial support and won't because of the specific conditions of the donor and differences.

　　那么，世界上器官捐献做得好的国家是什么做法？赵丽珍介绍，西班牙器官捐献者不用担心因为器官捐献所花费的医疗费用。西班牙的器官捐献者，从签下器官捐献志愿书到实施捐赠的过程中，因器官捐献所需而发生的医疗费用，全部纳入医保。

so,The world organ donation do well what country is it?ZhaoLiZhen introduced,The Spanish organ donor need not worry for organ donation spend medical costs.Spain's organ donor,From signing organ donation application form to the implementation of the donation process,For organ donation needed to happen medical costs,, all included in the medical insurance.

　　“可这在我们国家还未实现，我们也希望建立长效的机制，这样对捐献者也有保障”。赵丽珍表示。

"But it in our country is not realize,We also hope to establish long-term mechanism,So to donors have security".ZhaoLiZhen said.

　　不过在国家层面，基金到底怎么设计、资金从哪里来等核心问题，至今也没有确定。

But at the national level,Fund what design/Where funds from core problem,So far no sure.

　　王平坦言，“两年前推开试点工作，就是希望看看哪个省的做法好就用哪种方式，但没有一个特别满意的”。

Wang ping said,"Two years ago opened the trial work,Which province is to look at the practice of good use which kinds of means,But not a special satisfaction".