中新网长沙12月15日电 (记者 刘柱)如何判断新生儿患有肺炎？“把脉”呼吸频率就可知道，但这项儿科急诊适宜技术并未被基层儿科医师所掌握。

Beijing on December 15, changsha (Reporter LiuZhu)How to judge newborns with pneumonia?"pulse"Respiratory frequency can know,But the pediatric emergency appropriate technology has not been grassroots pediatricians knowledge.

　　湖南省儿童医院院长祝益民教授15日在2012年湖南省儿科学术年会上介绍，新生儿呼吸频率一般为每分钟40次，如果频率加快50%，基本可以断定患有肺炎。

The children's hospital of hunan province ZhuYiMin dean professor 15 in 2012 pediatric academic annual meeting in hunan province is introduced,Neonatal respiratory frequency general per minute and time,If the frequency speed up 50%,Basic can conclude with pneumonia.

　　“可惜这种简易快捷的甄别方式并未被基层儿科医师所掌握。”祝益民教授说，这凸显了基层儿科能力不足，解决的办法主要是加强培训和给与技术指导。

"But this simple quick screening mode has not been grassroots pediatricians knowledge."ZhuYiMin professor says,This highlights the basic pediatric ability is insufficient,The solution is mainly to strengthen training and give technical guidance.

　　为解决上述问题，湖南省卫生厅在全省推广了儿科急诊适宜技术“双三级”模式，即把17项儿科急诊适宜技术进行省、市、县三级师资培训和县、乡、村技术开展相结合。

In order to solve the above problems,Health department of hunan province in the pediatric emergency generalize the appropriate technology"Double level 3"mode,The 17 pediatric emergency appropriate technology to save/city/County level 3 teacher training and county/township/Village combining technology to develop.

　　据介绍，儿科急诊适宜技术要求村卫生室、乡镇卫生院、县级医院接诊儿科的医师分别掌握2种、5种、10种应急技术。在县级主要推广抢救室的标准化建设、急诊转运、重症评分、心力衰竭、脑水肿、休克、急性中毒、PLAS、CPAP、血气分析内容，在乡镇推广高热惊厥、肺炎、氧气疗法、液体疗法、抗菌药物应用的实用技术，在村社推广发热、腹泻等。

According to introducing,Pediatric emergency appropriate technical requirements village clinic/Township health center/Pediatric hospital doctor sees at or above the county level are two master/five/Ten kinds of emergency technical.In the promotion of the standardized construction main intensive care/Emergency transport/Severe rating/Heart failure/Cerebral edema/shock/Acute poisoning/PLAS/CPAP/Blood gas analysis content,In the villages and towns promotion febrile convulsion/pneumonia/Oxygen therapy/Fluid therapy/Antimicrobial application of practical technology,In the villages and promote fever/diarrhea.

　　“在不增加医疗检查设备投入的情况下，可实现儿童常见感染在村卫生室直接解决，出现高热惊厥症状送乡镇卫生院，如发生休克就送县级以上医疗单位进行诊治。”项目负责人祝益民教授认为，推广以儿科急诊为重点的适宜技术，对降低5岁以下儿童的死亡率具有重要意义。

"Without any increase in medical check equipment input cases,Children can realize common infection in the village clinic directly solve,Appear febrile convulsion symptoms send township health center,If produce shock sent medical units at or above the county level shall make a diagnosis and give treatment."A project principal ZhuYiMin professor thinks,To promote pediatric emergency for the appropriate technology,To reduce the mortality rate of children under five years old is of great significance.

　　该项目实施两年以来，已进行了29场培训，覆盖了湖南全省14个地市，培训了40家市级医院、60余家县级医院、23家中医院、1000余家乡镇卫生院和社区医院，2892名医师接受规范、专业、系统的儿科急诊适宜技能培训。

This project since two years,Have been conducted and field training,Cover the 14 cities in hunan province,The training and home municipal hospital/More than sixty hospital at or above the county level/23 home hospital/More than 1000 rural hospitals and community hospitals,2892 physicians accept specification/professional/The system of the pediatric emergency appropriate skills training.

　　此外，项目组还针对1095名培训医师就个人基本情况、单位从事儿科人员及急诊设备情况、儿科适宜技术需求及适宜技术的基本知识开展问卷调查，其中1000人有西医执业助理医师资格，占总数的91.32%；798人工作经验在5年以上，占72.88%；仅有28名从事儿科，仅占2.56%；803名(73.40%)有初级技术资格；603人(57.59%)为大专学历，255人(23.31%)为本科学历。

In addition,The project team also for 1095 training physician personal basic situation/Unit in pediatric emergency personnel and equipment/Pediatric appropriate technical requirements and basic knowledge of appropriate technology to carry out questionnaire survey,1000 of them have western medicine assistant practicing doctors' qualifications,Accounted for 91.32% of the total;798 people working experience in 5 years,Accounted for 72.88%;Only then name in pediatric,Only 2.56%;803(73.40%)Have technical qualification;603 people(57.59%)For college degree,255 people(23.31%)For bachelor degree.

　　调查显示，基层儿科医师十分缺乏且层次不均，3年内接受过系统培训的医师占49.63%，儿科医师进修率35.64%，乡镇卫生院护士进修率26.79%，儿科适宜技术知识及格率27.85%，大部分乡镇卫生院只具备有抢救床、急诊抢救箱、氧气瓶，而用于紧急抢救的心电监护、除颤仪、洗胃机、复苏及新生儿暖箱等设备或缺乏或参差不齐。

Investigation shows that,Grassroots pediatricians very lack and uneven level,3 years received system training physician accounted for 49.63%,Pediatricians study rate 35.64%,Township health center nurse education rate of 26.79%,Pediatric appropriate technical knowledge'd 27.85%,Most of the township health center only have rescue bed/Emergency rescue box/Oxygen cylinder,And used for emergency rescue of ecg monitoring/defibrillator/Gastric lavage machine/Recovery and neonatal warm box and other equipment or lack of or uneven.

　　湖南省卫生厅科教处处长范珍贤介绍，目前，农村儿童所享受疾病诊疗技术服务，与城市儿童相比不均等的问题突出，已成为影响当前农村儿童(尤其是5岁以下)健康的突出和亟待解决的问题。

Hunan provincial health bureau chief KeJiaoChu FanZhenXian is introduced,At present,Rural children enjoy disease diagnosis and treatment technology service,Compared with the city children not equal problems,Has become the current rural children influence(Especially under the age of five)Healthy highlight and problems to be solved.

　　范珍贤表示，儿科急诊适宜技术推广项目是国家为提高县乡儿科急诊的诊疗水平与处置能力开展的儿科医疗技术适宜推广项目，通过项目实施，建立集技术规范、适宜技术转化、示范基地建设“三位一体”的儿童急诊适宜技术推广模式，从而改变农村儿童的健康现状，全面提升儿科急救的能力和水平。(完)

FanZhenXian said,Pediatric emergency appropriate technology promotion project is a country of county and township government in order to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric emergency treatment and disposal ability to carry out of the pediatric medical technology suitable for promotion project,Through the implementation of the project,Establish set technical specifications/Appropriate technology transformation/Demonstration base construction"trinity"Children's emergency appropriate technology promotion mode,So as to change the present situation of rural children's health,Improve pediatric emergency ability and level.(finish)