医改三年 城乡居民参加三项基本医保人数超过13亿 Three years of reform, urban and rural residents to participate in three basic medical insurance number more than 1.3 billion

　　中国社会科学院今日发布2012年《公共服务蓝皮书》指出，过去三年，党中央、国务院直面“看病难、看病贵”问题，把保障人民健康作为重大民生工程，以改革促发展，以改革促进步，坚持“保基本、强基层、建机制”的基本原则，统筹协调、突出重点、循序推进，逐步探索出一条中国特色医改道路。

The Chinese academy of social sciences in 2012 released today[The public service blue book]Pointed out that,The past three years,The party central committee/Face to face with the state council"Difficulties in getting/The doctor your"problems,To protect people's health as a significant livelihood of the people project,To promote the development of the reform,To promote the reform step,Adhere to the"The basic/Strong base/Built mechanism"The basic principles of the,coordination/Highlight the key/Sequential propulsion,Gradually worked out a reform with Chinese characteristics road.

　　三年来，中共中央共出台医改文件14个，主要部门共出台重要配套文件50多个，逐步形成了较为完整的医改政策体系。三年来，全民基本医保、基本药物、基层医疗卫生服务和基本公共卫生服务四大制度体系建设全面推进，全民医保基本实现，基层服务能力明显加强，提高了基本医疗卫生服务的可及性、公平性。三年间，城乡居民参加三项基本医保人数超过13亿，比改革前增加了1.72亿，医保覆盖率提升到95%以上。三年间，国家基本药物制度初步建立，基层医疗卫生机构几十年“以药补医”的现象开始改变，基本药物价格比制度实施前平均降幅达30%左右。

Three years,The central committee of the communist party issued a total of 14 medical documents,The main department issued a total of an important supporting documents more than fifty,Gradually formed a relatively complete system of medical reform policy.Three years,The basic medical insurance/Essential drugs/Basic medical and health services and basic public health service four system construction promote,The basic medical insurance to realize,The primary service ability was improved obviously,Improve the basic medical and health services of accessibility/fairness.Three years,Three basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents to participate in more than 1.3 billion,Before the reform than increased by 172 million,Medical insurance coverage, rising to 95% above.Three years,Initially established a national system for basic drugs,Basic medical and health institutions dozens of years"In medicine for medical"Phenomenon began to change,Essential drugs system prior to the implementation of the price is higher than the average was up to 30%.

　　三年间，反映国家整体健康水平的一些重要指标明显改善，孕产妇死亡率从34.2/10万下降到26.1/10万，婴儿死亡率从14.9‰下降到12.1‰。三年间，医疗卫生服务利用率显著增加，全国医疗机构总诊疗人次由2008年的35.3亿增加到2011年的62.7亿，入院人数从11483万人增加到15298万人。2003～2011年，城乡患者应到医疗机构治疗而未治疗率从13.1%下降到5.4%；应住院而未住院的比例从29.6%下降到17.3%；住院患者疾病未愈而自己要求提前出院的比例由43.3%下降到31.8%。

Three years,Reflect the national overall health level of some important index obviously improved,The maternal mortality rate from 34.2/10 down to 26.1/10,Infant mortality rate from 14.9 ‰ dropped to 12.1 ‰.Three years,Medical and health services utilization rate increased significantly,The national medical institutions total medical people grow from 2008 in 3.53 billion to 2011 in 6.27 billion,The number of admission rose from 114.83 million to 152.98 million.2003 ~ 2011,Urban and rural patients to medical institutions should be treated without treatment rates from 13.1% to 5.4%;Should be in hospital and the hospital not fell to 29.6% from 17.3%;Hospitalized patients recovered disease and the proportion of early discharge requirements dropped from 43.3% to 31.8%.

　　2011年全国医疗卫生机构总数达95万多个，比上年增加17462个；随着2233所县级医院、6200多所中心乡镇卫生院、2.5万多所村卫生室和2382所社区卫生服务中心的兴建，以县级医院为龙头、乡镇卫生院和村卫生室为基础的农村三级医疗卫生服务网络逐步健全。医疗床位达516万张，比上年增加37.3万张，每千人医疗卫生机构床位数由2010年3.56张增加到2011年3.81张。全国卫生人员总数达861.6万人。三年间，公立医院改革试点有序推进，17个国家试点城市、37个省级试点城市、超过2000家公立医院开展了改革试点，2012年6月，国务院出台《关于县级公立医院综合改革试点的意见》，加快公立医院改革步伐。7月1日，北京和深圳同时在公立医疗机构启动医药分开试点，破除“以药养医”机制。(记者 常红)

The 2011 national medical and health institutions total more than 950000,A year-on-year increase of 17462;With 2233 hospital at or above the county level/More than 6200 center township health center/More than 25000 village clinic and 2382 community health service center building,To the hospital at or above the county level for leading/Township health center and the village clinic as the foundation of the rural level 3 medical and health service network gradually perfect.Medical beds 5.16 million copies,A year-on-year increase of 373000 copies,Every one thousand medical and health institutions bedspace from 2010 to 3.56 a rose to 2011 in to 3.81 a.The national health workers total 8.616 million people.Three years,Trial reform of public hospitals ordered propulsion,17 countries pilot cities/37 provincial pilot cities/More than 2000 public hospitals to carry out the reform pilot,In June 2012,The state council has rolled out[At or above the county level of public hospital comprehensive reform pilot opinion],To speed up the pace of reform of public hospitals.On July 1,,Beijing and shenzhen at the same time in the public medical institutions start medicine separate pilot,break"To raise the medical medicine"mechanism.(Reporter ChangGong)