在我们的家里，永远有一个被人们忽略的卫生死角，那么这些被人们所忽视的卫生死角里哪一个才是真正的细菌聚集地？近日，有读者给本栏目拨打热线，希望能请专家来检测家居环境卫生，看看哪里才是细菌最容易滋生的地方。为此，记者收集了9个被读者认为是卫生死角的样本来到北京农学院动科院，由阮文科副教授进行实验，结果发现，牙刷、洗碗布、案板、棉拖鞋是居家环境中滋生细菌的温床。而牙刷软毛更是细菌的藏身之所，其含菌量甚至是马桶盖数十倍乃至更多。

In our home,There will always be a be ignored and wholesome blind Angle,So these are ignored health corner in which one is real rendezvous for bacteria?recently,Readers of this column to call the hotline,Hope to be able to invite experts to detect household environment health,Where is the most easy to see bacteria breeding place.therefore,Reporter collected nine by readers think is health corner sample came to Beijing agricultural college dynamic science college,By RuanWenKe associate professor experiment,The results showed that,toothbrush/Dish cloth/Chopping board/Cotton slippers home environment is a hotbed of bacterium.And toothbrush fur is bacteria hiding place,It contains the bacteria quantity even toilet cover several times or more.

　疑惑 doubt

　　家里哪儿最脏？ Home where the most dirty?

　　“我家最脏的地方应该是棉被。”读者李女士告诉记者，她家的棉被已经使用5年了。两年前，她连棉被里的棉花一起加洗衣粉清洗了一次，没想到最近又开始有霉味了。

"My house is the most dirty place should be the quilt."The reader ms. Li told reporters,Her quilt have been used for 5 years.Two years ago,She even the quilt cotton together with detergent cleaning a,Thought the recently began were stale.

　　在采访中，也有市民认为穿在脚上的棉拖鞋最脏。“去年冬天我买了一双棉拖鞋，等天儿暖和了，我就把它用塑料袋封好打算今年冬季再用。”让读者赵先生没有想到的是，他一打开塑料袋，一股臭味直冲脑门。原来，因为嫌麻烦，赵先生一直没有清洗棉拖鞋。

In the interview,Have people think that wear on the foot of the cotton slippers most dirty."Last winter I bought a pair of cotton slippers,And day son warmer,I put it in a plastic bag sealed with again to this winter."Let the reader Mr. Zhao did not think of,He opened the plastic bags,A bad smell direct impact forehead.The original,Because of the trouble,Mr. Zhao has not clean cotton slippers.

　　张女士很勤快，家里收拾得十分整洁。“我觉得家里最脏的应该是马桶圈儿下面，因为那里不太好清洗。”

Ms. Zhang are very hard-working,Home tidy up very clean and tidy."I think in the home the dirty toilet should be under the circles,Because there is not so good cleaning."

　实验 the

　　取样→稀释→培养 Sampling and dilution - culture

　　1、记者用浸泡在无菌生理盐水中的无菌棉签依次涂抹需要测试的地方：马桶盖、马桶圈下、床铺下积聚灰尘的地方、切菜用的案板以及门把手表面等。涂抹的面积为10厘米见方。将棉签放进装有5.5毫升的无菌生理盐水的拭子中震荡80次，同时对样品进行标记。除此以外，在需要检测的物品中还有两年没洗的棉被被芯、穿了一个月的棉拖鞋、使用半年的洗碗布以及牙刷。

1/Reporter with sterile saline soak in the sterile swabs in turn daub need test place:Toilet cover/Toilet ring down/Under the bed dust accumulation place/Cut vegetables with chopping board and the handle surface, etc.On the area of 10 square centimeters.The cotton swab into a 5.5 ml of sterile saline in the swab concussion 80 times,At the same time samples to mark.In addition,In the need to detect objects have two years didn't wash the quilt is core/Wear a month of cotton slippers/Use half a year's dish cloth and toothbrush.

　　2、取样后，阮教授从这9种样本中各取稀释的0.2毫升样品注入到固体培养基，分别标记样本名称，这次使用的培养基是普通的琼脂培养基。阮教授接着轻轻晃动培养基，让样品中的细菌充分接触到琼脂培养基，附着到整个培养基表面。

2/After sampling,Professor yuen from the nine samples from each dilution 0.2 ml sample into solid medium,Mark of distinction sample name,The use of medium is ordinary AGAR medium.Nguyen professor then gently shaking medium,Let the sample of the bacteria full access to the AGAR medium,Attached to the surface of the medium.

　　3、随后，阮教授将沾有这9种样品稀释液的培养基放进电热恒温培养箱进行培养，培养箱的温度被设定在30℃，培养时间为24小时。

3/then,Professor yuen will be stained with the nine samples of diluent medium in thermostatic incubator culture,The temperature of the incubator set in 30 ℃,Training time for 24 hours.

结论 conclusion

　　棉拖鞋最易滋生细菌 Cotton slippers most easily bacterium

　　24小时后，阮教授将这9个培养皿取了出来。所有结果令人大跌眼镜。稀释度相同的样品中，由床下灰尘中培养出来的细菌菌落数只有39个，最多的是拖鞋，达到了329个。而棉被被芯比预想的要少，只有31个。

24 hours after,Professor ruan the nine petri dishes take out.All the results make people suffered.Dilution degrees of the same samples,The dust under the bed cultivate out bacterial colony count only 39,Is the largest slippers,Up to 329.And the quilt was less than expected core,Only 31.

　细菌最爱牙刷 Bacteria love toothbrush

　　在这9个样品中，培养菌落数最多的不是人们所设想的马桶圈儿或马桶盖，而是牙刷。在琼脂培养皿上，密密麻麻散落着上千个菌落，经过辨认，这些细菌的种类以酵母菌、霉菌为主。

In the nine samples,Training colony count most is not what people imagine toilet circles or toilet lid,But toothbrush.On the AGAR petri dishes,Scattered thickly dotted with thousands of colony,After recognition,These types of bacteria in yeast/Mould is given priority to.

　　相对于从牙刷上提取的那些密密麻麻的细菌菌落，马桶盖和马桶圈下提取的细菌菌落则少得可怜。“那是因为现在马桶用的材料一般都具有一定的抗菌性，细菌很难附着在上面，更不用说在那里生长繁殖，所以降低了细菌滋生的机会。反而是牙刷，由于长时间不更换，再加上环境潮湿，给了细菌繁殖之机。”阮教授说。

Compared with those from the toothbrush extraction bunches of bacterial colony,Toilet lid and toilet ring down from the bacterial colony is little."That's because now the toilet with material generally has certain antibacterial property,Bacteria is difficult to adhere to the top,Not to mention there grow and breed,So reduce the chance of bacterial growth.But the toothbrush,Due to the long time does not change,Add wet environment,To the bacteria breeding of the machine."Said professor yuen.

　与食物接触的地方最脏 And food contact place the most dirty

　　而从厨房中获取的两种样品，情况都不乐观，最脏的是洗碗布，切菜案板上提取的细菌菌落虽不及洗碗布上的多，但数量也达到了565个。

And from the kitchen to the two kinds of samples,Situation is not optimistic,The most dirty is dish cloth,Cut vegetables chopping board from the bacterial colony is less than washing the dishes on the cloth,But the number is up to 565.

　分析 analysis

　　为啥牙刷比马桶盖脏？ Why toothbrush than toilet cover dirty?

　　北大医院口腔科副主任医师冯驭驰表示，口腔本身就是一个有菌环境，口腔内的食物残渣、软垢等，都是利于细菌繁殖的“培养基”。而牙刷软毛中，除了牙膏，也可能会有食物残渣、软垢等藏身其中，因而会比较容易滋生细菌。冯医生表示，实验中牙刷上的细菌是致病菌的可能性不大，因而虽然菌落数量很多，但一般对人体不会造成什么影响。他表示，造成牙周炎等口腔类疾病的细菌绝大多数为厌氧菌，并非实验培养出来的霉菌或者酵母菌等，因而大家大可不必担心。但冯医生提醒大家，牙刷要及时消毒或者更换新的。

Hospital of Peking University, department of stomatology of doctor of vice director of FengYuChi said,Oral itself is a bacteria environment,In the mouth of food residue/Soft scale, etc,Is conducive to bacteria breeding"medium".And toothbrush soft hairs,In addition to toothpaste,May also be food residue/Soft scale and hiding among them,So would be easier bacterium.Von doctors say,Experiments on the toothbrush bacteria is pathogenic bacteria is unlikely,So although the colony number,But usually won't cause what effect to human body.He said,Cause periodontitis of oral diseases of bacteria most for anaerobic bacteria,The train is not out of the mould or yeast, etc,So you don't need to worry about.But von doctor remind everybody,To timely toothbrush disinfection or to replace the new.

　不要忽视床下灰尘 Don't ignore the bed dust

　　北大医院呼吸科主任医师迟春花介绍，室内床下的灰尘是一种非常细小的颗粒，它有可能会进入人的口腔和鼻腔以及下呼吸道，有一定的刺激性。北大皮肤科主任医师王爱平表示，虽然棉拖鞋样本中菌落总数很多，但这属于条件致病，穿棉拖鞋并不会得病。她表示，干燥不利于细菌和真菌生长，因而像棉被、棉拖鞋这样的物件需要常晒。（记者 李环宇 王琪鹏实习生 耿翰智 文并摄）

Hospital of Peking University, respiratory medicine chief physician ChiChunHua is introduced,Indoor dust under the bed is a kind of very small particles,It may enter the oral and nasal cavity and lower respiratory tract,Have certain irritation.Peking University dermatologist chief physician WangAiPing said,Although the cotton slippers samples colony total many,But this is condition pathogenic,Wear cotton slippers will not fall ill.She said,Dry against bacteria and fungi growth,Thus like a quilt/Cotton slippers such objects need to often sun.(Reporter li huanyu WangQiPeng interns GengHanZhi wen and disturbing)

　　排名 样本名称 菌落数量 Ranking sample name colony number

　　1 牙刷 数以千计

1 toothbrush thousands

　　2 洗碗布 数以千计

2 dish cloth thousands

　　3 切菜用的案板 565

3 cut vegetables with chopping board 565

　　4 拖鞋 329

4 slippers 329

　　5 床下的灰尘 39

5 the dust and under the bed

　　6 棉被被芯 31

6 the quilt is core and

　　7 门把手 25

7 the handle and

　　8 马桶盖 5

Eight toilet lid 5

　　9 马桶圈下 2

9 the toilet ring and the