96333来电显示：我最近有点烦，刚过完元旦，请的在医院照顾老伴的护工就吵着要加工资，由每天100元涨到120元。他们说涨价就涨价，根本没有商量的余地，想要辞了她吧，又难得请到合适的，我真是一点办法也没有。

96333 caller id:I recently irritated,Just over the New Year's day,Please take care of her in the hospital care will cry for a raise in salary,Every 100 yuan by up to 120 yuan.They say prices will rise in price,No negotiable,Want to quit her alone,And rare please go to the right,I was a bit method also have no.

　　市民 谭先生

Citizens Mr Tan

　　记者调查：接到谭先生向本报热线96333的诉苦后，记者连日采访了解到，谭先生所反映的情况在一些医院较为普遍。不少医院目前基本默认的是，除了医院专门的护工外，还有家属自行请来的“黑护工”，“共同”解决目前医院护士人手不足的缺口。但因为部分医院护工管理并无完善规范制度，加之护工胡乱涨价、护理不到位等因素，依旧招来不少患者家属的诟病。

Journalists to investigate:Mr. Tan received to our hotline 96333 after complaining,Reporter for interview to understand,Mr. Tan reflects some of the more common in hospital.A lot of the hospital at present basic default is,In addition to the special care hospital,And by the family members, please"Black care","common"To solve the current hospital nurse shorthanded gap.But because part of the hospital care management and no perfect standard system,Together with care in random/Factors such as nursing does not reach the designated position,Still bring a lot of patients for families.

案例 case

　　“黑护工”过完元旦集体涨价 "Black care"After the New Year's day in the collective

　　在位于东塘的湖南中医药大学第一附属医院，记者见到了满腹委屈的谭先生。他告诉记者，老伴今年74岁了，因为脑血栓导致全身瘫痪，现在生活不能自理。由于几个子女工作都很忙，他只能花钱请了一位护工，这位护工是益阳安化人，什么上岗证、健康证都没有，由于老伴急需人照顾，他也没考虑那么多。“本来一直是100元一天的，过完元旦她突然说要涨到120元，没有还价的余地。我一打听，整个医院的护工都涨价了，听说十楼有个护工，一人照顾同一间病房的三个病人，每天工资有400元，这么算下来，一个月就能赚12000元！”谭先生说。

DongTang in hunan university of Chinese medicine the first affiliated hospital,Reporters saw the full of grievances of Mr Tan.He told reporters,His wife this year 74 years old,Because cerebral thrombosis cause paralysis,Now the life cannot provide for oneself.Because a few children are busy working,He can only pay a care,The care we yiyang is people,What work license/Health certificate are not,Because his wife need people to take care of,He also didn't consider so much."I have been is 100 yuan a day,After the New Year's day she suddenly say will increase to 120 yuan,No room for price.I ask a,The whole hospital care are the price,Heard that ten floor have a care,A person to take care of the same room three patients,Wages have 400 yuan every day,Calculate so down,A month can earn 12000 yuan!"Tan said.

现状 status

　　部分护工已成“家族产业” Care has become a part of"Family industry"

　　因为工作忙碌或亲人不在身边等原因，护工已经成为不少长沙市民不可或缺的“家庭成员”，而这一需求也催生了护工特别是“黑护工”人群的进一步壮大，特别是经熟人口口相传的“护工游击队”更是将其护理网络延伸到各个医院。记者走访星城多家医院发现，部分大医院的一些长期“蹲点”在病房进行护理的“黑护工”甚至将这一工作发展成为“家族产业”。“和我在一块儿做护工的一个人，她妹妹、弟妹、舅妈都是当护工的。一般都是第一次干得好，下次病人家属还找她介绍。”一位从事护工行业的张大姐透露。

Because the job is busy or not around family and other reasons,Care has become a lot of changsha people indispensable"Family members",And this one needs and gave birth to care especially"Black care"People grow further,Especially the acquaintance of the mouth"Care guerrillas"Is it care network extends to each hospital.Reporters visited several hospital found that star,Part of the large hospital some long-term"CunDian"In the ward of care"Black care"Even the work development become"Family industry"."And I together do care of a person,Her sister/sibling/My aunt is when the worker.Usually is the first do a good job,The next time the patient's family also find she is introduced."A worker is engaged in the industry ZhangDaJie revealed.

　　“不少患者自请的护工一般都没经过什么培训，请的护工好不好全凭运气。”市内某大医院一李姓护士说，在该院，就曾出现一些护工拿了钱却不干活，有时候甚至找人都找不到的情形。还发生过护工和患者吵架，甚至诅咒患者早点死的恶劣事件。但因为这些护工大多是患者家属自己请来的，既无正规劳动合同，工资也是口头约定，至于责任和分工更无书面规定，到最后往往不了了之。

"Many patients from please worker is generally not after what training,Please care well all by luck."The city a big hospital nurse said those named li account,In the hospital,There was some care took the money did not work,Sometimes even look for a person to find situation.Also happened care and patient quarrel,Even curse patients die early bad events.But because they care most is his patients families of, please,Have no formal labor contract,Salary is the verbal agreement,As for the division of responsibility and no more stipulated in writing,To the last tend to disappear.

原因 reason

　　无人管理，人员素质参差不齐 Unmanned management,Personnel quality is uneven

　　来自卫生部门的统计数据显示，目前，临床护士不足是导致护工出现的主要原因。以省会各三甲医院为例，虽然各医院基本达到了卫生部规定的普通病房床护比不低于0.4:1的要求，但事实上，医院的病床都处于超负荷状态，大多数三甲医院加床率超过20%，因此，普通病房实际床护比达不到卫生部的要求。去年7月，卫生部再度要求，每名护士负责的患者不能超过8个，但在一些医院，每名护士负责患者的数量远远超过这一数量。

From the department of health statistics show,At present,Clinical nurse shortage is the main reason for the care to appear.In the capital of 3 armour hospital as an example,Although the hospital basic to the provisions of the ministry of health protection general ward bed than not less than 0.4:1 requirements,But in fact,The hospital beds are in overload condition,Most 3 armour hospital extra bed rate more than 20%,so,The common ward bed than actual protection can not reach the requirement of ministry of health.In July last year,The ministry of health requirements again,Each nurse responsible for no more than eight patients,But in some hospitals,Each nurse is responsible for the number of patients with far more than the quantity.

　　为了规范护工这个行业，卫生部特别提出了护工的聘用原则，其中提及“护工不属于护士编制”、“护工属于临时工作人员，可以由医院统一选聘”等等。然而，记者从各医院了解到的是，目前的护工管理依旧呈现多元化发展：有的是医院自聘，有的是物业公司承包，有的是家属自聘。其中，家属自聘的护工不少是家政公司的钟点工或老家熟人介绍的朋友或远方亲戚，而“招聘并没有任何技术要求”也几乎成为目前不少医院物业公司招聘护工的现状。

In order to standardize the care the industry,The ministry of health care especially put forward the principle of employment,The mention"Care does not belong to the nurse preparation"/"Care belongs to temporary workers,The hospital unified hiring"etc.however,Reporters from the hospital is to understand,The current care management is still present diversified development:Have a plenty of hospital from employment,Have a plenty of property management company contract,Have a plenty of families from employment.the,Since the family hired a lot of home economics is the company's part time employees or their hometown acquaintance introduced friends or distant relatives,and"Recruitment and don't have any technical requirements"And almost become at present a lot of hospital property for the present situation of the worker.

呼吁 Calls for

　　建立护工档案库规范护工行为 Establish a care archival standard care behavior

　　“这些护工我们管不了，也不想管。”湖南中医药大学第一附属医院病人接待室工作人员坦陈，因为如果都归医院管的话，到时若护工和病人发生纠纷导致病人出了什么意外，肯定会要找医院赔钱。还有医院表示，有的陪护工本身就携带传染病菌，对住院病人构成交叉传染威胁。而且，一间病房几位病人就跟随有同样数量以上的陪护人员，在狭小的病房里，如此嘈杂的环境必定影响病人的休息，也不便于医院的管理。

"The care we don't tube,Also don't want to tube."Hunan university of Chinese medicine the first affiliated hospital patient reception room that staff,Because if all return to the hospital tube words,If the patient care and dispute led to the patient what was the accident,Must want to find the hospital be out of pocket.And the hospital said,Some to work itself carrying infectious germs,To hospital patients constitute cross infection threat.and,A room a few patients followed a similar number above to personnel,In the narrow ward,So noisy environment will influence the patient's rest,Also not easy to hospital management.

　　湖南省护理学会一位负责人也表示，现阶段的护工行业存在三方面的安全隐患，第一，大部分护工对病人的具体病情和背景不够了解，缺乏健康、安全方面的常识，在护理方面不够专业；第二，护工身份鱼龙混杂，流动性大，出现陪护事故难究责；第三，从业者本身缺乏一定的消毒和隔离知识，在护理一些传染病患者时容易对自身健康造成危害。这位负责人告诉记者，去年，他们曾与妇联下面的家政公司组织过对医院护工的培训，不但不收培训费，还包吃包住，但却没几个人愿意来，原因是认为上课耽误他们的生意。

Hunan province to care a person in charge said,At present the industry there are three aspects of the safety hidden trouble,The first,Most of the care of the patient's specific condition and don't know enough about the background,Lack of health/Safety aspects of common sense,In care professional enough;The second,Care identity good and evil people mixed up,Fluidity big,Appear to accident responsibility to investigate;The third,Practitioners' lack of certain disinfection and isolation knowledge,In nursing some infectious diseases patients likely to harm their own health.The person in charge told reporters,Last year,They had and the women's federation the domestic company organization to hospital care training,Not only don't accept training,Also the bag eats encase,But few people are willing to come,The reason is that the class delay their business.

　　而针对医疗陪护业出现的问题，长沙市民政职业技术学院社工系主任史铁尔认为，专职医疗陪护的出现，客观上反映了医院“正牌”护工数量不足、服务不够、价钱偏高和医疗服务的缺位。但是，陪护工不能完全代替护士、护工的护理工作，不应该为病人做医疗处置，否则发生陪护事故后责任无法认定。

And according to the medical industry to the problems,Changsha civil administration vocational and technical college social work department ShiTieEr think,The emergence of professional medical chaperone,Objectively reflect the hospital"Sterling-something just"Care shortage/Service is not enough/The price is on the high side and the absence of medical service.but,To work can not completely replace the nurse/The nursing care,Should not for patient medical treatment,After the accident happened to or can't tell that responsibility.

　　史铁尔建议，医院应该对这些护工进行专业培训，加强对护工的管理。此外，医院可以建立护工档案库，对护工进行评估，当患者家属需要护工时医院可以推荐那些有经验的护工，这样护工与医院也能建立一个长期的合作。(记者  李姝阳  匡春林 实习生 张亚林)

ShiTieEr Suggestions,The hospital should care for the professional training,To strengthen the management of care.In addition,The hospital can build care archival,To evaluate the care,When patients families need care in hospital can recommend those who have the experience of care,Such care and hospital can also set up a long-term cooperation.(reporter  LiShuYang  KuangChunLin ZhangYaLin interns)