中新网北京2月17日电(阚枫)近日，中科院一份关于“北京雾霾检出危险有机化合物”的报告，再次引发社会对于“空气有毒”担忧。中科院专家表示，对于雾霾天气中的危害物质公众有知情权，大气污染治理，国家层面应统筹建立区域联防联控机制。

Beijing Beijing on February 17(KanFeng)recently,A about the Chinese academy of sciences"Beijing fog haze detection hazardous organic compounds"report,Once again to trigger social"Air toxic"concerns.Experts said the Chinese academy of sciences,For fog haze weather hazards of public right to know,Atmospheric pollution control,The national level should plan as a whole the establishment of regional defense integrated mechanism.

　　雾霾中的危险信号 “公众有知情权”

Fog haze of danger signal "Public right to know"

　　本月16日至17日，北京再次遭遇雾霾天气。封闭的高速公路，气象部门发布的大雾黄色预警，大街上各式各样的防霾口罩……春节假期过后，返京工作的人们再次无奈投身“一片模糊”中。而在此期间，一则“北京雾霾检出危险有机化合物”的新闻再次引发公众对于“空气有毒”的担忧。

This month 16 to 17,Beijing encounters the fog haze weather.Closed highway,Meteorological department issued the fog yellow warning,The street all kinds of anti haze mask...After the Spring Festival holiday,Return the people working in helpless again"A blur"in.In this period,a"Beijing fog haze detection hazardous organic compounds"The news caused the public again for"Air toxic"concerns.

　　这则新闻来自中国科学院近日公布的“大气灰霾追因与控制”阶段性研究结果。在这份针对1月中旬京津冀雾霾天气的专项研究中，专项组检出了大量含氮有机颗粒物，报告对此提出了“危险”的警示。有媒体指出这是“洛杉矶上世纪光化学烟雾的主要成分之一”，还特别注明了，在洛杉矶上世纪的那次污染事件中，共有800余人丧生。

The news from the Chinese academy of sciences published recently"Atmospheric gray haze chase for and control"Stage results.In the middle of January in beijing-tianjin-hebei fog haze weather special study,The special group of detection of nitrogenous organic particles,The report has put forward"dangerous"warning.Media reports said this is"Los Angeles last century is one of the major components of photochemical smog",Also indicated the,In Los Angeles on century the pollution incident,There are more than 800 people were killed.

　　“以前我们没有注意到这种物质的存在，现在很容易就监测出来了，所以我们用‘危险信号’的表述来提示公众。”中科院“大气灰霾溯源”项目负责人、中科院大气物理所研究员王跃思在接受中新网记者采访时，再次强调了作为一个科研工作者，自己对于北京雾霾对于人体伤害的担忧。

"Before we didn't notice the presence of this kind of material,It's so easy to just monitoring out,So we use‘Danger signal’Statement to prompt the public."Chinese academy of sciences"Atmospheric gray haze traceability"Project principal/The atmosphere of the Chinese academy of sciences WuLiSuo researchers WangYueSi in accepting a reporter to interview,Again as a scientific research workers,To Beijing fog haze for body injury worries.

　　王跃思说，这类含氮有机化合物之所以“危险”，是因为它对人体的肺部和心脏的损伤都很厉害，但是目前还没有科学研究能够得出这类物质对于人体危害的定量关系。

WangYueSi said,This kind of nitrogenous organic compounds are"dangerous",Because of its human lung and heart damage is severe,But there is no scientific research to draw this kind of material to human body harm quantitative relation.

　　“到底这类物质会多大程度造成呼吸道损伤或是肺心病，这些需要通过很长时间的科学实验和流行病学调查，不是短时间内能知道的，但是我们的担心是，当我们知道它的危害程度时，为时已晚。”

"Whether this kind of material will cause respiratory tract how much damage or cor pulmonale,These needs through a long time scientific experiment and epidemiological investigation,Is not a short time can know,But we worry is,When we know it when the degree of harm,Too late."

　　王跃思说，空气污染一时半会解决不了，但是公布这个研究结果，就是提示公众要注意防护，因为“在没有办法的情况下，公众至少有这个知情权。”

WangYueSi said,Air pollution is a half will not solve,But announced the results of this study,Is prompt the public to pay attention to protection,because"In no way cases,The public at least have the right to know."

　　临时性的应急预案收效有限

Temporary emergency plan had limited

　　在中科院的这份大气灰霾研究报告中，特别指出了，今年1月京津冀地区的强雾霾事件，是一次自然因素和人为因素共同作用的事件，但是从研究结果可以看出，人类污染物排放显然是造成长时间雾霾天气的“主谋”。

The Chinese academy of sciences in the atmospheric gray haze research report,Specifically pointed out that,January this year of the beijing-tianjin-hebei region strong fog haze events,Is a natural factors and human factors of events,But from the research results can be seen,Human pollutant emission obviously is a long time fog haze weather"counselor".

　　其实，大气污染对于人们的潜在危害，中国工程院院士钟南山日前在接受媒体采访时就指出，北京十年来肺癌增加了60%，空气污染是一个非常重要的原因。他甚至直言“大气污染比非典可怕得多”。

In fact,Air pollution is to people's potential hazard,Chinese academy of engineering by zhong nanshan, when being interviewed by the media is pointed out,Beijing ten years a 60% increase in lung cancer,Air pollution is a very important reason.He even the truth"Air pollution is much more terrible than SARS".

　　就在近日，媒体也报道称，中国疾控中心下属环境所，已有计划全面开展雾霾对人群健康影响的基础研究，并及时启动雾霾天气下的健康评估和预警，以疾控机构为核心力量，推进全国雾霾天气发生时的卫生应急机制建设。

In recently,Media reports say,The Chinese CDC subordinate environment,Have plan to carry out comprehensive fog haze to people health effects of basic research,And timely start fog haze weather health assessment and early warning,To CDC for core strength,Promote the fog haze weather occurs health emergency mechanism construction.

　　对于雾霾来袭的“应急”， 去年12月，北京就发布了《北京市空气重污染日应急方案》，今年1月，遭受强霾天气的北京还首次启动极重污染日应急预案，实现了一定程度的公车限行和企业减产停产。同时，加强了建筑工地扬尘管理，要求裸露建筑材料全覆盖；更新城市保洁手段，大量采用机扫冲洗方式进行道路保洁，防止扬尘产生。

For fog haze incoming"emergency", Last December,Beijing is released[Beijing air heavy pollution, emergency plan],In January,Suffered heavy haze weather of Beijing and the first time you start the very heavy pollution, emergency plan,Achieved a certain degree of bus lines and limited production enterprise production.At the same time,To strengthen the construction site management of dust,Bare building materials for complete coverage;Update city cleaning method,A large number of the JiSao flushing way road cleaning,Prevent dust produced.

　　但是，在王跃思看来，雾霾天气的中的临时性应急作用有限，“不能说没有效果，但是收效不会很大，更重要的是对于污染物排放的长效监督和治理。”

but,In WangYueSi seems,Fog haze weather of temporary emergency limited role,"Can't say no effect,But not very effective,More important is for pollutant discharge effect supervision and management."

　　“我们不缺制度和条款，减少污染物排放的技术也有现成的，关键要看落实情况。”王跃思说，以机动车燃油排放为例，可以抽查下目前汽车尾气排放的合格程度，抽查油品质量的合格程度，如果这些日常监管能做到位，要比应急性的限行车辆更有作用。

"We don't lack of system and terms,Reducing emissions technology also have ready,The key to carry out the situation to see."WangYueSi said,To motor vehicle fuel emissions as an example,Can check the current automobile emission qualified degree,Check product quality qualified degree,If the daily supervision can do a,The limit line than emergency vehicles more useful.

　　此外，王跃思强调，对于雾霾天气的治理，相较于某一个地区启动的应急预案，更重要的是区域性的联防联控，“污染物扩散是区域性的，它们不受行政区划的限制。由于受到气象条件和地形的影响，北京的应急预案管得了北京的污染物排放，但是管不住周边区域污染物向北京地区的输送。”

In addition,WangYueSi emphasize,For the management of fog haze weather,Compared with a certain area start emergency plan,More important is the regional integrated defense,"Pollutant diffusion is regional,They shall not be restricted by administrative divisions.Due to the influence of meteorological conditions and terrain,Beijing's emergency plan tube got Beijing pollutant discharge,But cannot manage peripheral area pollutant to Beijing area delivery."

　　国家层面需统筹区域联防联控

The national level need to plan as a whole to regional defense integrated

　　“治霾”不能单打独斗，这似乎是今年1月覆盖中国10省份的那场强霾天气给各地政府留下的最切实感受。中国的污染已不能视之为某一地区单一因素的影响所致，必须看作涉及整个国家的系统性问题。

"To haze"Can't working,This seems to be covered in January 10 provinces in China the strong haze weather gave local governments left the most practical feeling.China's pollution already can't see it as an area of the single factor influence caused by,Must be as involved in the whole country systemic problems.

　　然而，在治污问题上地区间、部门间各自为政、缺乏协作已是长期存在的现实问题。有学者还将各地关于雾霾治理的态度归类为：“空洞表态式”、“等靠要式”和“埋怨外地式”三种，并指出，地方与中央之间、地方与地方之间的相互扯皮使必要的行动方案只能被搁置，更遑论如何实施，何时见效。

however,In the performance problem shangdi interval/Among the departments each does things in his own way/Lack of cooperation is long-term problem.Some scholars will also all about fog haze management attitude classified as:"Empty statement type"/"Etc to type by"and"Blame field type"three,And points out that,Between the local and central/Place and local mutual schmooze make necessary action plan can only be shelved,Let alone how to implement,When effective.

　　“区域联防联控机制，这是中国治理大气污染必须走的道路，但是我们至今没有一个完整清晰的计划去做这件事。”王跃思举例说，在美国，区域联防治理空气污染的有“南加州空气质量管理委员会”的例子，欧盟在治理酸雨方面，甚至都能做到国家间的协作，这些都值得中国借鉴。

"Zone defense integrated mechanism,This is the control air pollution must go way,But we do not yet have a complete and clear plan to do it."WangYueSi for example,In the United States,Zone defense management of air pollution"Southern California air quality management committee"example,The European Union in the governance in acid rain,Even can do the cooperation between countries,These are worth reference for China.

　　其实，早在2010年环保部、发改委、科技部等9部门就提出了《关于推进大气污染联防联控工作改善区域空气质量的指导意见》。在这个指导意见中提出，到2015年，要建立大气污染联防联控机制，形成区域大气环境管理的法规、标准和政策体系。

In fact,As early as in 2010 she/Development and reform commission (NDRC)/The science and technology ministry and other 9 department is put forward[Atmospheric pollution on promoting the integrated defense work to improve the regional air quality guidelines].In the guiding opinions put forward in,By 2015,To establish air pollution zone integrated mechanism,In order to form regional atmospheric environmental management regulations/Standard and policy system.

　　在今年1月，在雾霾肆虐中国大部之际，全国环境保护工作会议在北京召开。在这次会议上，国家环保部部长周生贤表示，正考虑成立由环保部牵头、相关部门与区域内各省级政府参加的大气污染联防联控工作领导小组，以解决京津冀、长三角等跨省区域空气污染问题。

In January this year,In the fog haze ravaged China's the most,The national environmental protection work conference held in Beijing.In this meeting,She ZhouShengXian state minister said,She is considering setting up by the lead/Related departments and provincial governments within the region in the atmospheric pollution zone integrated work leading group,In order to solve beijing-tianjin-hebei/Long triangle etc cross province regional air pollution problem.

　　对于中国的区域性联防联控的“治霾”机制，长期从事大气污染研究的王跃思也给出了自己的设想。

For China's regional defense of integrated"To haze"mechanism,Long engaged in the study of air pollution WangYueSi also gives the ideas.

　　王跃思说，以京津冀为例，建议由国家高层统筹，成立一个“京津冀空气质量管理委员会”，“其中设立政府层级的领导小组，以及科学家和管理机构组成的技术委员会作为智囊，制定区域空气污染防控应急预案和长效治理方案，并且统筹监管各地的政策落实情况。”(完)

WangYueSi said,In beijing-tianjin-hebei as an example,Proposed by the country's top as a whole,To set up a"Beijing-tianjin-hebei air quality management committee","The establishment of the government level leadership team,And scientists and management mechanism of technical committee as a brain,Formulating regional air pollution prevention and control emergency plan and long-term management plan,And as a whole across supervision policy implementation."(finish)