“到底是GDP第一，还是健康第一？”这是钟南山院士在两会中抛出的问题。其实早在六七年前，钟南山就提出了灰霾危害这个话题，但当时没有这么严重，很多人觉得有些夸大。近些年，他结合自己的调查和国外研究，再次大声疾呼：“灰霾的危害不容忽视。”

"What is the first GDP,Or health first?"This is academician zhong nanshan thrown by the question in two sessions.In fact as early as 67 years ago,Zhong nanshan was a danger to the topic puts forward the grey haze,But was not so serious,Many people feel a little exaggerated.In recent years,He combined his own investigation and study abroad,Cry again:"Ash haze harm nots allow to ignore."

　　钟南山告诉记者，以前的大气污染主要是降尘，空气中二氧化硫、二氧化碳居多，现在的灰霾，实际上是一氧化碳、氮氧化物等，经过紫外线的照射，形成的光化学雾气。假如灰霾中混杂着有毒气体，就会产生直接危害，像1952年伦敦、1970年洛杉矶的毒烟雾事件。

Zhong told reporters,The previous atmospheric pollution mainly is dust,Sulfur dioxide in the air/Carbon dioxide is in the majority,Now the gray haze,In fact is carbon monoxide/Nitrogen oxides, etc.,After uv irradiation,Formation of the photochemical fog.If a mixture of toxic gas in the ash haze,Can produce immediate harm,Like in London in 1952/Toxic smog in Los Angeles in 1970.

　　虽然现在北京、广州等地的灰霾中，直接有害物质还不是很高，但会引起很多疾病，包括对神经系统、心血管系统、呼吸系统、泌尿生殖系统和内分泌系统的破坏，特别是与肺癌的发病率有直接关系。

While in Beijing now/In places such as guangzhou gray haze,Directly harmful material also is not very high,But can lead to many diseases,Including on the nervous system/The cardiovascular system/The respiratory system/The destruction of the urogenital system and endocrine system,Particularly with a direct relationship between the incidence of lung cancer.

　　目前，美国、日本等国家都已经有了确凿的研究结果。钟南山介绍，美国第65界老年医学会年会有个结论，空气中PM2.5增加10微克/立方米，人的脑功能就会衰老3年；在影响心脑血管方面，美国调查了2.5万名有心脏病或心脏不太好的人，发现PM2.5增加10微克/立方米后，病人的病死率会增加10%—27%。心肌梗死和心脏病的发生率增高1%—3%；另外，在对300万孕妇的调查中发现，生活在PM2.5高的环境中，低体重婴儿的比例会增加10%，且婴儿平均体重降低8.9克。

At present,The United States/Japan and other countries have conclusive findings.Zhong is introduced,The 65th geriatrics society annual meeting has a conclusion,PM2.5 in the air increases 10 micrograms per cubic meter,People's brain function will be aging for 3 years;In the cardiovascular effects,The survey of 25000 had a heart attack or heart is not very good,Found that PM2.5 increased after 10 micrograms per cubic meter,The patient's mortality will increase by 10% - 10%.Increased incidence of myocardial infarction, and heart disease by 1% - 3%;In addition,Found in the survey of 3 million pregnant women,Living in an environment of high PM2.5,The proportion of low birth weight increased by 10%,And baby the average weight loss of 8.9 grams.

　　现在最让钟南山担心的，是灰霾对肿瘤，尤其是肺癌的影响。他发现十几年来北京地区肺癌每年的增幅是2.42%，是所有肿瘤发病率增加最快的。钟南山说：“都知道吸烟是肺癌的最主要原因，而环境的影响有一个资料可以参考。在北京，朝阳区、丰台区和石景山区的肺癌发病最高，密云区和怀柔区比较低。结合环保局的数据，这和地区的污染程度相契合。以空气中的PM10为例，朝阳区、石景山区和丰台区的含量高出密云和怀柔区很多，虽然不能直接对比，但还是能说明灰霾与肺癌发病率的关系。”

Now the worry to zhong,Is the ash haze of tumor,Especially the influence of lung cancer.He found that lung cancer is the growth of 2.42% a year in Beijing for more than a decade,Is that all the tumor incidence increased the fastest.Zhong said:"All know that cigarette smoking is the biggest cause of lung cancer,And environmental impacts of a material can be reference.In Beijing,Chaoyang district/Fengtai district and the lower lung cancer incidence is highest,Miyun area and huairou area is low.Combining the data of the environmental protection bureau,The degree of pollution and regional.In the PM10 in air, for example,Chaoyang district/The shijingshan district and fengtai content is higher than that of miyun and huairou area a lot,Although cannot be directly compared,But can still explain the ash haze relationship with the incidence of lung cancer."

　　钟南山表示，美国对18.8万人进行了长达26年的观察，其中1100人患上肺癌。结果发现，空气中PM2.5增加10微克/立方米，发病率会增加15%—27%；日本对6670名肺癌患者，进行了8年多的观察，PM2.5增加10微克/立方米，病死率增加24%。“这么多数据，都证明灰霾的影响不是耸人听闻，如果还放任不管，我不知道十年后北京肺癌发病率是否会呈几何体增加，已经到了必须行动的时刻。”钟南山直言。▲

Zhong said,About 188000 people in the United States for 26 years,Among them, 1100 people suffer from lung cancer.The results found that,PM2.5 in the air increases 10 micrograms per cubic meter,Incidence will increase 15% to 27%;Japan in 6670 patients with lung cancer,For more than eight years of observation,PM2.5 increased 10 micrograms per cubic meter,Case fatality rate increased by 24%."So many data,The influence of prove the ash haze is not sensational,If you still alone,I don't know whether Beijing's incidence of lung cancer after ten years will increase geometry,Has arrived must be the time for action."Zhong nanshan was.Bring about