记者 匡春林 通讯员 谢丹

The reporter KuangChunLin correspondent Xie Dan

　　指导专家 王晓之 长沙市疾病预防控制中心 首席专家、副主任医师

Chief expert guidance experts Wang Xiaozhi in changsha city center for disease control and prevention/Of doctor of vice director of

　　10个月大的朵朵出现拉肚子的症状，着急的爸爸妈妈连忙带着朵朵去某大医院就诊。在医院门诊输液两天后，朵朵拉肚子症状基本消失，但1周后，朵朵突然发烧，且脸上、身上开始陆续出现淡红色的小疹子，精神状态也不太好。经医生检查，朵朵这次竟然又患了麻疹，而传染源来自医院内的交叉感染。昨日，长沙市卫生局、长沙市疾病预防控制中心发布传染病高发季节理性就医指南，提醒家长，宝宝如果患病，切勿赶往大医院“扎堆”，以防出现“二次感染”。

Ten-month-olds each diarrhea symptoms,Worry mom and dad hurriedly with each go to a big hospital.In the hospital outpatient transfusion two days later,Each diarrhea symptoms disappeared basically,But after 1 week,Clouds suddenly came down with a fever,And on his face/Began to appear small reddish rash,Mental state is not very good, too.After the doctor check,All this time again actually had measles,And source from cross infection within hospital.yesterday,Changsha city health bureau/In changsha city center for disease control and prevention released infectious disease season rational treatment guidelines,Remind parents,Baby if ill,Don't rushed to hospitals"cluster",To prevent a"Secondary infection".

　现状：孩子一得病就往大医院“扎堆” Status quo:A sick child to the big hospital"cluster"

　　“孩子一得病，我总担心小医院治不好，孩子多受罪。”市民王先生带孩子看病基本首选省部级的大医院，虽然每次带孩子看完病全家都劳累不堪，但他并没有怨言。记者昨日走访市内部分医疗机构发现，近期因为气温波动较大，正是各类传染性疾病多发时节，免疫系统尚未发育完善的儿童最容易中招，在市内部分大医院儿科门诊、住院部内，前来就诊的儿童络绎不绝。相比之下，一些规模相对较小的医院，特别是位于居民住宅小区附近的社区卫生服务中心（乡镇卫生院）却非常冷清。

"A child got sick,I always worry about small hospital cure,Children suffer more."Public basic mr.wang to take children to see a doctor first provincial hospitals,Although every time with the children watching the disease family are tired,But he did not complain.Reporters yesterday visited the city part of the medical institution,Recently because of the temperature fluctuation is larger,It is all kinds of infectious diseases, multiple times,Children immune system has not yet developed the most easily,Part of the big hospital in the city pediatric outpatient service/In the inpatient,To see a doctor for children in an endless stream.By contrast,Some of the smaller hospitals,Especially in the community health service centers located near to residential area(In towns and townships)Was very cold and cheerless.

　　“盲目扎堆赶往大医院这一不理性的就医模式，增大了孩子感染的风险。”王晓之说，很多家长只要孩子稍有不适，就像朵朵父母、王先生一样，立即带孩子到规模大、名气大的大医院就诊，即使大医院已经人满为患，甚至连打点滴都没有座位，他们也不愿带孩子去家门口的基层医疗服务机构就医。

"This irrational blind stick to large hospital treatment mode,Up for the risk of infection."Wang Xiaozhi said,Many children parents as long as the slightest discomfort,Like all parents/As Mr. Wang,Immediately to take the child to scale/Famous big hospital,Even if the big hospitals are overwhelmed,Even the drip has no seat,They don't want to take children to home grassroots medical service institutions for medical treatment.

　　王晓之指出，因为大医院就诊量大，各类疾病患者聚集于此，人口流动频繁，极易形成如麻疹、手足口病等经呼吸道、经接触传播疾病的交叉感染。这也导致很多患儿原本只是流感、腹泻等“小问题”，却在就诊过程中感染麻疹、手足口病等传染性疾病，“小问题”解决了却又惹上“大麻烦”。

Wang Xiaozhi pointed out,Because of the big hospital medical consultations,All kinds of illness,Population flow is frequent,Easy to form such as measles/Through the respiratory tract, foot and mouth disease, etc/Transmission by contact with the cross-infection of disease.This has also led to a lot of children was just influenza/Diarrhea, etc."A small problem",But measles infection during the process of diagnosis/Hand, foot and mouth disease and other infectious diseases,"A small problem"Solve the finish to get in again"Big trouble".

　　提醒：轻症患儿不妨选择家门口就医 remind:Children with mild might as well choose home go to a doctor

　　近年来，国家为加强基层医疗服务体系建设，加大了对社区卫生服务中心、乡镇卫生院卫生资源投入，基层医疗服务机构完全有能力收治诸如发热、腹泻、炎症、上呼吸道感染等轻症疾病患者。

In recent years,Countries in order to strengthen the construction of medical service system,Stepped up to the community health service center/In towns and townships health resources,Grassroots medical services such as fever were fully capable of/diarrhea/inflammation/Upper respiratory tract infection in patients with mild disease, etc.

　　王晓之建议，其实家长们大可不必舍近求远，基层医疗机构就诊量小，患儿就诊过程中接触有害病原体的机会相对小很多，相对清洁安全的就诊环境有利于孩子的康复。孩子出现咳嗽、腹泻、发热（低热）等不适症状，可就近前往社区卫生服务中心（乡镇卫生院）就诊，若经医师诊断，为重症或疑难杂症，再有序向大医院转诊。

Wang Xiaozhi advice,Actually parents don't have further,Grassroots medical institutions medical consultations,Children to see a doctor in the process of contact with relatively little chance of a lot of harmful pathogens,Relatively clean safe medical environment is conducive to rehabilitation of children.Children cough/diarrhea/fever(Low thermal)The uncomfortable symptom, such as,Can be approached to the community health service centers(In towns and townships)See a doctor,If the doctors diagnosis,For severe or incurable diseases,In order to the big hospital referral again.

　　“传染病多发时节，市民要教孩子养成良好的生活习惯，少带孩子到大型超市、商场等人群密集、通风不良的公共场所，在接触过鼻涕和口水等呼吸道分泌物后，大人、小孩都必须洗手。”王晓之还提醒，家长还可以全程、按时为孩子接种疫苗。目前，国家免费为适龄儿童提供乙肝疫苗、卡介苗、脊灰减毒活疫苗、麻疹减毒活疫苗等14种一类疫苗，以预防乙型肝炎、结核病、脊髓灰质炎、麻疹等15种传染病。同时，家长还可根据孩子的身体状况选择性接种相应的二类疫苗（自费并且自愿接种的其他疫苗）。

"Infectious diseases, multiple times,The citizens to teach children to develop good living habits,With fewer children to the big supermarket/Crowded shopping mall, etc/Poor ventilation in the public places,After contact with nose and respiratory secretions such as saliva,adults/Children must wash their hands."Wang Xiaozhi also remind,Parents can also/On time for their children vaccinated.At present,National free for school-age children to provide hepatitis b vaccine/The BCG vaccine/Polio live attenuated vaccines/Live attenuated measles and other 14 kinds of vaccine,In order to prevent hepatitis b/Tuberculosis (TB)/polio/15 kinds of infectious diseases such as measles.At the same time,Parents also can be according to the child's physical condition selectivity to be vaccinated against the corresponding category(At his own expense and other voluntary vaccination vaccine).

　微博问答 Weibo q&a

　　@好娃娃：我想带孩子接种卡介苗，有什么需要注意的吗？

@ a good baby:I want to take child vaccination BCG vaccine,What is the need to be aware of?

　　@龙章改（长沙市中心医院胸一科副主任医师）：卡介苗是一种减毒活疫苗，能够预防结核病的发生。卡介苗一般在宝宝出生后24小时内进行接种。卡介苗接种后4～8周才产生免疫力，免疫力可维持5～7年，最长可达10余年。如果你的宝宝有免疫缺陷、患结核病、肾炎或伴有明显先天畸形等情况，建议不要接种卡介苗。如正在使用皮质激素，患有急性传染病、湿疹或正在发热或腹泻的新生儿，以及早产、难产或低体重婴儿需要延缓接种卡介苗。

@ Long Zhang change(A division of doctor of vice director of the changsha central hospital breast):The BCG vaccine is a live attenuated,To prevent the happening of the tuberculosis (TB).BCG inoculated usually within 24 hours after birth.4 ~ 8 weeks after BCG vaccination immunity,Immunity can keep 5 to 7 years,Up to more than 10 years.If your baby has immune deficiency/TB/Nephritis or accompanied by obvious birth defects, and so on and so forth,Not recommended vaccination BCG vaccine.Such as are using cortical hormone,With acute infectious diseases/Newborns are eczema or fever or diarrhea,And preterm birth/During childbirth or low weight babies need to delay the BCG vaccination.