进入5月份，济南的气候特点表现为气温明显上升，以晴热天气为主，随着气温升高，肠道传染病发病也将取代呼吸道传染病进入角色。这段时间，市民外出旅游、举办喜庆宴请等活动增加，因此，应重点注意肠道传染病的预防。

In may,,济南the气候特点表现为气温明显上升,Give priority to with sunny hot weather,As temperatures rise,Intestinal infectious diseases will also replace the respiratory infectious diseases into the role.This period of time,Citizens to travel/Festive banquets and other activities,so,应重点注意肠道传染病the预防.

　　在节假日期间要做到生活有规律，避免疲劳过度。市民在近期生活中应注意防范手足口病、水痘、流行性腮腺炎、猩红热、其他感染性腹泻等传染病。另外，近期我国部分地区还发生了人感染H7N9禽流感疫情。我省与疫情发生的省市邻近，也需要广大市民注意。

在节假日期间要做到生活There are规律,Avoid excessive fatigue.People should pay attention to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease in the recent life/Chicken pox/mumps/Scarlet fever/Other infectious disease infectious diarrhea.In addition,Parts has taken place in our country recent cases of people infected with H7N9 bird flu outbreaks.我省与疫情发生the省市邻近,Also need to the general public's attention.

　人禽流感密切监控 预防为主 Closely monitor bird flu prevention

　　人禽流感是人禽流行性感冒简称，是由禽甲型流感病毒某些亚型的毒株引起的急性呼吸道传染病。临床表现是潜伏期一般为1至3天，通常在7天以内。该病症的主要表现为发热，体温大多持续在39度以上，热程1至7天，一般为3至4天，可伴有流涕、鼻塞、咳嗽、咽痛、头痛和全身不适。也有部分患者伴有腹泻等等消化道症状。重症患者病情发展迅速，可出现肺炎、急性呼吸道窘迫综合征、肺出血、胸腔积液、全血细胞减少、肾功能衰竭、败血症、休克及Reye综合征等多种并发症。

Hereinafter referred to as avian influenza is avian influenza,是由禽甲型流感病毒某些亚型the毒株引起the急性呼吸道传染病.Clinical expression is the incubation period is usually 1 to 3 days,Usually within 7 days.该病症the主要表现为发热,Over temperature sustained mostly in 39 degrees,Thermal process 1 to 7 days,Generally 3 to 4 days,可伴There are流涕/A stuffy nose/Have a cough/Sore throat/Headache and general discomfort.也There are部分患者伴There are腹泻等等消化道症状.Critically ill patients is developing rapidly,Pneumonia can appear/Acute respiratory distress syndrome/Pulmonary hemorrhage/Pleural effusion/Complete blood to reduce/Renal failure/sepsis/Shock and Reye's syndrome and other complications.

　　在人禽流感的预防上应做好以下几点：尽可能减少与禽、鸟类的不必要的接触，尤其是与病、死禽类的接触；因职业关系必须接触者，工作期间必须做好防护；加强禽类疾病的监测。动物防疫部门一旦发现疑似禽流感疫情，应立即通报当地疾病预防控制机构；要加强对密切接触禽类人员的监测。与家禽或人禽流感患者有密切接触史者，一旦出现流感样症状，应立即进行流行病学调查，采集病人标本并送至指定实验室检测，以进一步明确病原；严格规范收治人禽流感患者医疗单位的院内感染控制措施。接触人禽流感患者应戴口罩、戴手套、戴防护镜、穿隔离衣。接触后应洗手；加强检测标本和实验室禽流感病毒毒株的管理，严格执行操作规范，防止实验室的感染及传播。市民在日常生活中应该注意饮食卫生，不喝生水，不吃未熟的肉类及蛋类等食品；勤洗手，养成良好的个人卫生习惯。

在人禽流感theOn the prevention应做好以下几点:As far as possible reduce with birds/鸟类the不必要the接触,Especially with the disease/死禽类the接触;Because professional relationship must be contacts,During the work must be done well;加强禽类疾病the监测.Animal epidemic prevention departments once found suspected bird flu outbreaks,Shall promptly notify the local disease prevention and control institutions;要加强对密切接触禽类人员the监测.与家禽或人禽流感患者There are密切接触史者,Once appear flu-like symptoms,Should immediately epidemiological investigation,Patient samples and sent to the designated laboratory tests,To further clarify;严格规范收治人禽流感患者医疗单位the院内感染控制措施.Contact with bird flu patients should wear a face mask/Wear gloves/Wear protective goggles/To wear clothes.Should wash their hands after contact;加强检测标本和实验室禽流感病毒毒株the管理,Strictly carry out operation specification,防止实验室the感染及传播.People should pay attention to diet and health in daily life,Don't drink water,不吃未熟the肉类及蛋类等食品;Wash your hands often,养成良好the个人卫生习惯.

手足口病 Hand, foot and mouth disease

　　注意卫生是关键 Pay attention to health is the key

　　手足口病是由柯萨奇病毒、肠道病毒71型等肠道病毒引起的以手、足皮肤疱疹和口腔粘膜溃疡为主的传染病，临床主要表现为口腔炎(口腔粘膜出现红色溃疡性疱疹)，同时手、足、皮肤出现斑丘疹，并转为疱疹，可伴有发热。手足口病主要通过接触污染的手、毛巾、手帕、茶杯、玩具、床上用品等感染，感染对象主要为5岁以下儿童。

Hand, foot and mouth disease is by coxsackie virus/肠道病毒71型等肠道病毒引起the以手/foot皮肤疱疹和口腔粘膜溃疡为主the传染病,The main clinical stomatitis(Oral cavity mucous membrane appears red ulcerative herpes),At the same time the hand/foot/Skin appears maculopapule,And to a herpes,可伴There are发热.Hand, foot and mouth disease主要通过接触污染the手/towel/A handkerchief/The cup/The toy/Bedding, etc,Infected object mainly for children under the age of five years.

　　在日常生活中，家长要注意培养儿童养成饭前便后洗手等良好个人卫生习惯，做好玩具、食具、毛巾、便器及厕所的定期清洗消毒工作；托幼机构应注意校舍室内保持空气流通，加强晨午检，及时发现和隔离治疗病人。

In our daily life,Parents should pay attention to cultivate children to develop good personal hygiene habits such as washing hands before the rice then empress,Make toys/tableware/towel/便器及厕所the定期清洗消毒工作;Childcare facilities buildings should be paid attention to maintain indoor air circulation,Strengthen the morning afternoon inspection,Timely detection and isolation of patients.

其他常见疾病要养成良好生活习惯 Other common diseases to develop good habits and customs

　　水痘是由带状疱疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。主要表现为皮肤粘膜出现斑丘疹、水疱，可伴发热、头痛、咽痛等症状。水痘传染性强，易在托幼机构、学校等集体单位发生。预防措施：平时注意开窗通风，保持空气流通；托幼机构等集体单位要加强日常消毒，落实晨检制度，发现病例及时隔离并送诊。

Chicken pox是由带状疱疹病毒引起the急性呼吸道传染病.Main show is maculopapule skin mucous membrane/blister,Can be associated with fever/Have a headache/Sore throat and other symptoms.Chicken pox infectious strong,Easy in childcare facilities/Schools and other collective units.Preventive measures:Notice at ordinary times open a window ventilated,Keep the air circulation;Childcare facilities and other collective units should strengthen the daily disinfection,To carry out the morning check system,Found timely isolation and clinical cases.

　　流行性腮腺炎是由流行性腮腺炎病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，临床上主要表现为发热，伴有头痛、畏寒、倦怠等症状，其后出现单侧或双侧腮腺肿大，并伴有疼痛。该病是儿童及青少年常见的传染病，主要通过飞沫传播，易出现腮腺炎脑膜脑炎、肾炎、睾丸炎、卵巢炎等并发症。接种流行性腮腺炎疫苗可起到很好的保护作用。

mumps是由mumps病毒引起the急性呼吸道传染病,Clinical mainly for heating,伴There areHave a headache/chills/Symptoms such as burnout,Then a unilateral or bilateral parotid enlargement,并伴There are疼痛.该病是儿童及青少年常见the传染病,Mainly spread through droplets,Easy to appear the mumps meningoencephalitis/nephritis/orchitis/Oophoritis complications, etc.接种mumps疫苗可起到很好the保护作用.

　　猩红热在临床上的表现以发热、咽峡炎、全身皮肤出现弥漫性皮疹为主要症状，部分病人可出现“杨梅舌”、舌乳头红肿呈杨梅状，发病以学生及幼托儿童为主，可出现关节、肾脏变态反应并发症。预防上，托幼机构、学校等集体单位要加强晨检；同时应注意做好室内开窗通风，保持空气流通；儿童要加强体育锻练。

Scarlet fever在临床上the表现以发热/angina/Systemic skin diffuse rash as the main symptoms,Some patients can appear"Myrica rubra tongue"/Tongue swelling arbutus shaped nipples,Incidence is given priority to with students and childcare children,There will be joint/Kidney allergy complications.On the prevention,Childcare facilities/Schools and other collective units to strengthen the morning check;At the same time should pay attention to indoor and ventilated,Keep the air circulation;Children want to strengthen sports exercises.

　　另外其他感染性腹泻也是该季节的常见病，临床上表现为发热、腹痛、腹泻等症状，主要通过被污染的水、食物传播，人群对本病普遍易感，幼儿及青壮年发病较多。预防上应注意饮食饮水卫生，做到饭前便后洗手。托幼机构等集体单位应加强晨检。要做到不喝生水，不吃不洁食品，把好病从口入关是预防肠道传染病的有效措施。 (本报记者 白鹏飞 兰萃 通讯员 马祖芳)

In addition其他感染性腹泻也是该季节the常见病,Clinically characterized by fever/Abdominal pain/diarrhea,主要通过被污染the水/Spread of food,Groups are generally susceptible to the disease,More incidence of children and young adults.Prevention should pay attention to diet health drinking water,Do it before the rice then empress to wash your hands.Childcare facilities and other collective units should strengthen the morning check.Do not drink water,Don't eat unclean food,把好病从口入关是预防肠道传染病theThere are效措施. (Our reporter Bai Pengfei extraction correspondent Ma Zufang)