本报记者 王营 宋江云 北京报道 Our correspondent WangYing SongJiangYun reports from Beijing

　　在保障房制度顶层设计一直尚不完善的背景下，“十二五”期间全国规划建设的3600万套保障房建设，至今引发巨大争议。

In the security room system top design has been still is not perfected under the background of the，“1025”The national planning and construction during the 36 million sets of security room construction，Yet cause huge controversy。

　　8月7日，国务院发展研究中心下属的中国发展研究基金会发布《我国城镇化进程中的住房保障问题研究》报告提出，当前保障房建设中存在顶层设计不够、供需矛盾突出、地方政府不够积极、管理工作亟待规范等四大突出问题。

August 7,，The state council development research center of the subordinate China development research foundation issued《In the process of urbanization in our country housing security research》report，The current security room existing in the construction of the top design is not enough、Contradiction between supply and demand、The local government isn't aggressive enough、Management work to be standard and so on four big outstanding problems。

　　《报告》课题组不久前赴辽宁、四川、广西等地进行实地调研并在香港考察公屋建设。

《report》In liaoning group not long ago、sichuan、Guangxi field investigation and study in Hong Kong public construction。

　　北京大学经济学院教授平新乔用了一年时间参与了这项调研。经过调研，他坦言目前最担心的是，在“大跃进”建设保障房背景下，恐怕至少有一半实际是福利分房。

Beijing university school of economics professor ping new Joe in a year involved in the investigation。After investigation，He said the most concerned about is the，in“Great leap forward”Under the background of building security room，I'm afraid at least half of the actual distribution is welfare。

　　住建部住房改革与发展司司长倪虹用了一天时间认真听取这些专家建议后表态称，“中国的城镇化给我们带来了人口红利，但也带来了青春期的烦恼，这就是国家的青春期。所以，我们要正确看待保障性住房的重点和难点。”

Live JianBu housing reform and development NiHong priests for the day time listened to these experts suggested that statement said，“China's urbanization brings us a demographic dividend，But it also brings about the trouble of adolescence，This is the state of the adolescent。so，We want a correct view on the key and difficult point for affordable housing。”

　　一半以上是福利房 More than half the welfare house is

　　不久前，住房和城乡建设部住房保障司副司长张学勤透露受惠于保障房建设的总人数：截至2011年底，约3000万户，将近1亿人。这3000万户中，有2650万户城镇低收入和中等偏下收入家庭的住房困难通过实物解决，此外还有近450万户通过货币补贴形式受益。

Not long ago，Housing and rural construction housing safeguard department chief of ZhangXueQin revealed thanks to ensure room the total number of construction：By the end of 2011，Some 30 million homes，Nearly 100 million people。In this 30 million homes，About 26.5 million families town low and middle income families offset the housing difficulties through the real solution，In addition to nearly 4.5 million households benefit through monetary allowance form。

　　但是，在这3000万户中，保障的对象是否都是应该保障的困难人群吗？

but，In this 30 million households，The security of the object is whether the security of the people should be difficult？

　　天则经济研究所副所长冯兴元在当日《保障性住房的政策选择与机制保障房》分论坛演讲时，突然提到，“我听说清华大学还分了保障房，100多平米呢。”

Day is deputy director of the institute of economic FengXingYuan in that day《Affordable housing policy choices and guarantee mechanism room》Points BBS speech，Suddenly mentioned，“I heard that tsinghua university is points to guarantee the room，More than 100 square meters。”

　　他话音刚落，立刻有一位与会专家纠正称，“确切地说，是130平方米”。冯兴元无意抨击大学，而是借此表达他对保障房建设至今未明确保障对象的担忧。

His words sound just fell，Immediately had a correct the experts said，“exactly，Is 130 square meters”。FengXingYuan not attacked university，But he took the opportunity to ensure room construction has not clear security concerns of the object。

　　而北大平新乔的实地调研恰恰印证了这种担忧。平新乔在接受本报采访时称，“我们在调研中发现，去年建设的保障房有一半能落到实处就不错了。由于地方保障房资金一直处于紧缺状态，所以在各地方上报的保障房数量中，至少有一半以上是由国企和企业员工福利房组成的。”

And Peking University flat new Joe investigation just proved such fears。Flat in accepting our newspaper interview new Joe said，“We found in research，Last year the security room construction half can on feet is pretty good。Because the local security room has been in the state capital shortage，So in the local reports of security room number，At least half by state-owned enterprises and enterprises is the welfare house staff members。”

　　平新乔称，自去年五月开始，他先后去沈阳、唐山、焦作、开封和重庆调研，这是他经过实地走访与各地方交谈后的结论。

Flat new Joe says，Since last may begin，He has to shenyang、tangshan、jiaozuo、Kaifeng and chongqing research，This is his visit all the places after field with the conclusion after talking。

　　2011年9月，中国发展研究基金会成立了“中国保障性住房政策研究”课题组。同年10月，课题组赴辽宁省对保障性住房进行实地考察，完成了《辽宁省保障性住房政策调研报告》，报告中也提到相关案例：沈阳铁路局大连工务段利用企业自有土地、资金自筹，建设了7800套保障性住房，建好以后产权归企业所有，建成的住房主要用作铁路工人的宿舍；而课题组发现，同期在该城市中由开发商真正配建的保障房只有5200套。其余的几千套去了哪里，并不清楚。

September 2011，China's development research foundation was founded“China's affordable housing policy research”group。In October，In liaoning province group to inspect the affordable housing，completed《Liaoning province affordable housing policy research report》，The report also mentioned related cases：Shenyang railway dalian Labour wu paragraph self-owned land USES the enterprise、Self-raised funds，The construction of 7800 affordable housing，After building property right to all enterprises，Built into the housing mainly used as dormitory of railway workers；And research found that，In the same period in the city by the developer real PeiJian safeguard room only 5200 sets。The rest of the thousands of set to go to，Is not clear。

　　调研组担忧，企业自建保障性住房沦为福利分房。他们在报告中称应高度警惕这种现象，“限制只面向少数体制内群体的‘保障性住房’，如一些国企为自身员工修建的公租房，坚决杜绝其成为第二次福利分房。”

Research group of concern，Enterprise build affordable housing to share the benefits。They reported that should be alert for this phenomenon，“Only a few system to limit within the group‘Affordable housing’，As some of the state-owned enterprises for its own employees and of building rent，Resolutely put an end to it to become the second share the benefits。”

　　与会者河南省焦作市财政局副局长张继东也对企业代建公租房现象充满疑虑。他在接受本报提问时称，在焦作的一些工业园区内，确实存在企业代建公租房现象，把厂区内工业用地专门拿出一部分建设职工宿舍性质的公租房，他们只对内部职工。

Attendees jiaozuo city, deputy director of the bureau of finance the construction of enterprise ZhangJiDong also rent a full of doubts male phenomenon。He said accepting our newspaper in question，Some of the industrial zone in jiaozuo，Does exist enterprise generation built and rent phenomenon，In the factory area of industrial land out construction worker dormitory of special properties of male renters，Only their internal worker。

　　不完整的顶层设计 Don't complete the top design

　　平新乔称，地方为了完成上级下达的保障性住房任务，而用企业建房凑数是大概率事件，令他忧虑的是，这种大概率事件会遗留很多问题。

Flat new Joe says，Place in order to complete the task to affordable housing，And with enterprise builds a house is big probability events dine，To his is concerned，This big probability events will be left a lot of problems。

　　“现在的经济适用房和限价房都是可卖的，一些分到保障房的人群卖完之后，仍然是无房户，仍然有渠道分到保障房，仍可以循环套利。这样做问题就大了。”

“Now the economy is applicable the room and price fixing the room is to sell，Some assigned to the security in the room of the crowd after selling，Is still WuFangHu，There are still channels to ensure room，Still can cycle arbitrage。To do so is a great problem。”

　　平新乔认为，我国保障房建设还存在定位不清的问题，“到底怎么定义？保障房不是短期可以解决的问题，而是长期问题。我个人认为，应该用租的办法，为最穷的人解决住房问题。”

Flat new Joe think，Ensure China room construction also has the problem of unclear orientation，“What the definition？Security room is not short-term can solve the problem，But long-term problems。I personally think，Should use the rent of the measures，For the poorest people in the resolution of the housing problem。”

　　平称，他们在地方的调研报告，最后会经过中国发展研究基金会上呈国务院。

Flat says，They in the local research report，Finally the China development research fund meeting after a state。

　　中国城乡建设经济研究所所长陈淮也在该论坛上发言称，筹集资金落实用地等，其实不是最困难的，保障房最大的风险还是管理风险，特别是公租房的管理。

China's urban and rural construction and economic research institute is also on the BBS of council on said，To raise money for implementation，In fact is not the most difficult，The biggest risk guarantee room or risk management，Especially the management of male rent。

　　“总结过去十年来保障房建设，有多少是掌握了权力和财富的人，利用这个政策自肥？有多少公务员小区占用的是没交土地出让金的土地？此外，保障房性住房还公开地减免了税费，侵蚀了公有和社会资源”，陈淮直言。

“Sum up the past ten years to ensure room construction，How much is the master the power and wealth，Use the state policy？How many civil servants of the occupied district is not making the land grant fee of the land？In addition，Security atrial housing also publicly to the tax cuts，The erosion of public and social resources”，Council of the truth。

　　国务院发展研究中心市场经济研究所所长任兴洲则认为，保障性住房种种问题的背后，是我国的住房保障体系一直以来都缺乏一个完整、清晰的设计。

The state council development research center, director of market economy RenXing states have thought，Affordable housing problems behind，Is our country's housing guarantee system has been the lack of a complete、Clear design。

　　任兴洲发出疑问称，“中国的住房保障体系，应急色彩很浓。比如，从供给形式上，从廉租房、经济适用房到现在的公租房、两限房，基本上几年一换。从1998年到2003年、再到2007年、2010年以后，我们不断地在摇摆、变换，我们的保障性住房到底是一个什么制度呢？”

RenXing chau says asking questions，“China's housing guarantee system，Emergency colour is very strong。For example，Supply form from，From low-cost housing、Economy is applicable the room to now and rent、Two limited room，Basically a few years a change。From 1998 to 2003、And then to 2007、2010 years later，We continuously in the swing、transform，Our affordable housing is exactly what the system？”

　　另外，任兴洲透露，对于确保保障房分配公平至关重要的保障房全国联网系统，进一步推进的阻力很大，“各个地方虽然都在做，但是全国联网碰到了很大问题。这张网，这个信息系统，就是联不起来，这也是我们国家面临的很大问题。”

In addition，RenXing continent revealed，To ensure security room is very important to ensure fair distribution of the national network room system，To further promote the resistance is very large，“Each place although are done for，But nationwide network met with a very big problem。This web，The information system，Is the league can't get up，This is also our country faces a big problem。”

　　住建部住房改革与发展司司长倪虹代表住建部，用一天时间听取了上述专家的意见。

Live JianBu housing reform and development NiHong representative live JianBu chief，A day the time to hear the experts。

　　倪虹称，关于专家所谈的保障性住房准入、分配、建设、资金、运营、退出等一系列问题，中央也十分关注。

NiHong says，They are talking about experts access to affordable housing、distribution、construction、funds、operation、Quitting a series of problems，The central also very concerned。

　　会后，他表示，“我国保障房性住房制度，的确到了需要完善法律制度的时候。从国内外实践看，住房问题的顶层设计不仅要回答数量问题，更要回答怎样保障？但公共政策的难点就在于公平和效率不可兼得。”

After the meeting，He said，“Ensure China atrial housing system，Indeed to perfect the legal system。Look from practices at home and abroad，Housing problem is the top design not only to answer quantity problem，How to guarantee more to answer？But the difficulty of public policy is that fair and efficiency do not have your cake and eat it。”