本报记者 刘勇北京报道

Our reporter, Beijing

　　合作建房第一次被人们知道并关注缘于2005年高调宣布在北京合作建房的于凌罡。作为合作建房史上最早吃螃蟹的人之一，失败的于凌罡如今已淡出人们的视线。

Building cooperation was first people know and attention because 2005 high announced in Beijing building cooperation of linggang cooperation。As the history of cooperation to build one of the first to eat crab，Failure linggang cooperation now already faded out of the line of sight of people。

　　时隔数年，合作建房大有卷土重来之势，出现了赵智强、孙智群这样的后来者。而在这三个人中，赵智强的底气显然更足一些，因为他在温州通过合作建房建成的理想家苑已经建成，正处于分配阶段。但是，在众多业内人士看来，合作建房者的描述仿佛乌托邦般的一厢情愿，成功的个案并不具有可复制性。

After several years，Cooperation is the potential to build back，Appeared ZhaoZhi strong、SunZhiQun such successor。And in these three people，ZhaoZhi strong bottom spirit obviously more foot some，Because he in wenzhou through the collaboration builds a house built ideal home garden has been built，Is in distribution stage。but，In numerous seems to the personage inside course of study，Cooperation to build the description of the person like utopia of wishful thinking，Success is not the case with replicability。

　　“现在的市场环境与2005年相比，合作建房的门槛更高了，每个人需要拿出的钱更多了。”于凌罡向《华夏时报》记者表示。

“Now the market environment compared with 2005，Cooperation the threshold of the house more，Everyone needs to take out money more。”Linggang cooperation to《The Chinese times》reporters。

拿地难度加大 Take to increase the difficulty

　　尽管合作建房者几乎都声称建成的房子价格会比市价低30%-40%，但没有土地，建房就如“无米之炊”，而不少合作建房者在获得土地这个开发的第一步时，就倒下了。

Although building cooperation are almost all claimed that the houses built the price will be lower than market price 30% - 40%，But there is no land，Building as“Bricks without straw”，And a lot of cooperation in the building for the land development of the first step，It fell。

　　中国房地产学会副会长陈国强向记者表示：“对于开发者来说，协议拿地的方式基本不可能，而在招拍挂这种竞争的模式下，合作建房者们毫无优势可言。如果有现成的土地，再组织一批互相信任的人，合作建房才有可能操作。”

China's real estate society vice-chairman Chen guoqiang told reporters：“For developers，Agreement with the way the basic impossible，And in bidding, auction, listing the competition mode，Cooperation to build ones there is no advantage in。If there is a ready land，And then organize a group of mutual trust，Collaboration builds a house can be operation。”

　　然而，在赵智强看来，现在的市场更利于拿地。他认为：“调控政策下的房地产市场正处在一个微妙的时期，现在开发商不再像以前那样闭着眼拿地，土地市场不再狂热，限地价及地块配建的保障房由政府回购等措施给了我们拿地的机会。”

however，In ZhaoZhi looks strong，Now the market is more conducive to give land。He thinks：“Regulation policy of real estate market is in a delicate period，Now developers no longer as before eyes closed give land，Land market is no longer fanaticism，Limit land price and block PeiJian safeguard room by government counter-purchase etc measures gave us take the chance。”

　　日前，赵智强宣布已锁定南五环边的一个地块，地块在地铁线的延伸线附近。为了能够满足地块所需金额的需求，赵智强此番需要组织900余人，每人出资30万-40万元。

a，ZhaoZhi strong announced it had lock south rings on the edge of a block，Block in the extension of subway lines near the line。In order to meet the needs of the amount needed plot，ZhaoZhi strong and need to organize the more than 900 people，Each investment 300000-400000 yuan。

　　对拍地有着亲身体会的于凌罡并没有赵智强那么乐观，他说：“合作建房拿到招拍挂的地块有相当的难度，不少人并不希望我们拿到地。”当年，于凌罡曾先后看中新中街一号地块和芍药居地块，但最终都选择了放弃，资金与组织成员意见的分歧是主要原因。

To take to have experience of linggang cooperation and no ZhaoZhi strong so optimistic，He said：“Cooperation to build bidding, auction, listing plots have considerable difficulty，Many people do not want to get us to。”the，Linggang cooperation has take a shine to the new zhongjie street one block and shaoyaoju block，But ultimately chose to give up，Capital and organizational members differences of opinion is the main reason。

　　如今，土地的价格已经是于凌罡筹划合资建房时的数倍，所需资金数额庞大，就连万科这样的大房企都选择与其他房企组成联合体拿地，以降低风险。在这种情况下，由几百人组成的合作建房者在拍卖市场上如何能够举得过那些实力强大的房企。而且，如今支付土地款的方式比过去更为严苛，一次性付清土地款的规则显然令合作建房“雪上加霜”。

now，The value of the land is already linggang cooperation plan for the joint venture to build several times，The funds required for the large amount，Even vanke such big room to choose and its TaFang enterprises to form a consortium to give land，In order to reduce risk。In this case，Hundreds of people by building of the cooperation in the auction market for how can too that the strong room enterprises。and，Now pay land funds way tougher than in the past，One-time pay the land funds rules apparently to build cooperation“Add insult to injury”。

　　尽管不少合作建房者都将美国成功的范例当做榜样，但是中国与美国土地制度的不同正是合作建房在中国艰难的关键因素。与中国不同，国外的土地是私有的，合作建房的第一个难题，土地问题基本已经解决。土地所有人可以将自己的土地卖给合作建房者，也可以自己组织一批人在自己的土地上盖房，接下来只要找公司代建房屋即可。

Although a lot of cooperation in the building will be the successful examples as an example，But China and the United States of the land system is to build different cooperation in China difficult key factors。And China different，Foreign land is private，Cooperation to build the first problem，The land problem has been resolved basic。The land owner can sell their land to build the cooperation，Also can group themselves a batch of people in his own land to build houses，The next generation to build houses for the company as long as can be。

　　此外，在地块的选择上，赵智强和于凌罡显示出方向性的分歧。

In addition，On the choice of the blocks，ZhaoZhi strong and linggang cooperation show directional differences。

　　在于凌罡看来，赵智强看中的地块太大，并不适合合作建房。合作建房应选择比较小的地块，基本上是一栋楼的面积。因为地块太大，需要组织更多的人才有可能负担起土地款，但是人数越多，就越不容易组织。

Lies in LingGang seems，ZhaoZhi strong seeing the plot is too big，Not suitable for building cooperation。Building cooperation should choose small block，Is basically a building area。Because the plot is too big，Need to organize more talent may afford land funds，But the more the number of，The organization is not easy。

　　但是，在赵智强眼里，于凌罡所说的那么小的地块在招拍挂市场上是找不到的。只要组织足够的人，就可以选择大的地块。而于凌罡拿地太高调也是他失败的原因。当年，于凌罡准备拍芍药居地块的消息满天飞，因此，赵智强表示在拿地上要低调，近期公布看中的地块也只是说了模糊的地段而已。

but，In ZhaoZhi strong eyes，Linggang cooperation said so small block in the bidding, auction, listing is not to be found in the market。As long as the organization enough people，Can choose bigger block。And linggang cooperation is too high and is the cause of his failure。the，Linggang cooperation ready to show shaoyaoju block news all over the place，therefore，ZhaoZhi strong said in take the ground to a low profile，Recently reported seeing the block also just said the fuzzy of it。

　　赵智强与于凌罡的分歧更凸显出，土地是合作建房的第一难题。

ZhaoZhi strong and linggang cooperation differences more highlights，Land is the first problem to build cooperation。