破解医改难题　造福亿万群众——中国医改三年纪实 Crack problem medical benefit hundreds of millions of people -- China's reform, three years documentary

　　促进与保护健康对于人类福祉和经济与社会持续发展不可或缺。 To promote and protect the healthy for human welfare and economic and social sustainable development indispensable。

　　——2010年世界卫生报告 - the world health report 2010

　　这是人类的共同梦想——病有所医，老有所养。

This is the human common dream - BingYouSuoYi，Old to keep。

　　医改是一道世界性难题。为破解这道难题，过去3年，党中央、国务院直面“看病难、看病贵”问题，把保障人民健康作为重大民生工程，以改革促发展，以改革促进步，坚持“保基本、强基层、建机制”的基本原则，统筹协调、突出重点、循序推进，逐步探索出一条中国特色医改道路。

Cure is a worldwide difficult problem。For solving this problem，The past three years，The party central committee、The state council face“See a doctor difficult、The doctor your”problems，To safeguard the people's health as a significant livelihood of the people project，To promote the development of the reform，To promote the reform step，Adhere to the“The basic、Strong base、Built mechanism”The basic principles of the，Overall coordination、Highlight the key、Sequential propulsion，We explored a Chinese characteristic cure road。

　　3年新医改的生动实践启示人们，坚定信念，统筹谋划，攻坚克难，人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标一定能够实现。

3 years of the new medical reform vivid practice enlightenment people，Firm faith，Plan as a whole，Crucial grams difficult，Everyone will have access to basic medical and health services goal will be able to realize。

　　破解世界性难题——“中国式医改”起步 Crack worldwide problem --“Chinese medical”start

　　今年7月1日，深圳市67家公立医疗机构大刀阔斧革除“以药补医”，成为全国第一个全面取消药品加成制度的大城市。闻讯后，卫生部部长陈竺写下“医改传佳音”的诗句表达兴奋之情。

On July 1 this year，Shenzhen 67 public medical institutions and abolishment“In medicine for medical”，Become the nation's first comprehensive drug addition to cancel the system of big cities。In response，The ministry of health minister Outlines write down“Reform, the good news”Verse express excitement。

　　陈竺的心情，缘于3年医改的艰辛和突破。

Outlines the mood，Due to cure 3 years of hardship and breakthrough。

　　“看医改3年，我们首先要回到这次改革的原点。”中华医学会党委书记饶克勤强调。

“See reform, 3 years，The first thing we will return to the origin of this reform。”The Chinese medical association secretary of the party committee RaoKeQin stressed。

　　那是一个怎样的原点？

That is a what kind of origin？

　　“原来计划经济条件下的医疗卫生体系，城镇干部、职工有公费医疗、劳保医疗，小山村里也有合作医疗、赤脚医生和村卫生室。”饶克勤回忆说。

“Originally planned economy under the conditions of medical and health system，Town cadres、The worker have medical treatment at public expenses、Labor insurance medical，Small mountain village also have cooperative medical care、Barefoot doctor and village clinic。”RaoKeQin recalls。

　　改革开放后，伴随计划经济向市场经济转变，我国原有的医疗保障体系发生了变化——2003年，我国拥有各种医保的人减少到15%左右，且主要集中在城市。由于缺少疾病风险的分担机制，城乡居民因病致贫、因病返贫的现象时有所闻。

After reform and opening up，With planned economy to a market economy，Our country original medical security system changed - 2003，Our country has all kinds of medical insurance people down to 15%，And mainly concentrated in the city。Due to the lack of disease risk sharing mechanism，Urban and rural residents become financially-difficult、The phenomenon of poverty due to illness and anesthesia。

　　上世纪80年代以来，我国卫生总费用占GDP的比重长期在4%左右，其中居民个人支出比重迅速上升，从1980年的20%攀升到2000年的60%左右。人均医疗费成为居民消费支出中仅次于食品、住房的第三大开支。同一时期，政府卫生支出从36%下降到17%，平均每年降低约1个百分点。而在发达国家，卫生总费用占GDP的10%以上，居民个人负担占卫生总费用比重在20%左右……

Since the 1980 s，Our country health total cost in GDP long-term at around 4%，The resident individuals expenditure proportion rising rapidly，Climbed from 20% in 1980 to 60% in 2000。Per capita medical expenses become residents in consumer spending, next only to food、Housing's third largest expenses。During the same period，The government health expenditure dropped from 36% to 17%，An annual average of about 1% lower。But in the developed countries，Total health expenses accounts for more than 10% of GDP，Residents individual responsibility accounted for the proportion of total health expenses in 20%...

　　第三次国家卫生服务调查显示，城乡患者应就诊而未就诊比例由1993年的38.5%上升到2003年的48.9%；应住院而未住院的比例达29.6%；出院病人中，63.9%是因经济困难自己要求出院。“看病难、看病贵”成为社会关注的重大民生问题。

The third national health services survey，Urban and rural patients should see a doctor and did not see a doctor ratio from 38.5% in 1993 to rise to 48.9% in 2003；Should be in hospital but not hospitalized rate of 29.6%；Discharged patients in，63.9% is due to financial difficulties his request discharge from the hospital。“See a doctor difficult、The doctor your”As the society to pay more attention to people's livelihood of the major problem。

　　“救护车一响，一头猪白养”“小病拖、大病扛，重病等着见阎王”……一个个民间顺口溜，成为新一轮医改前城乡居民“看病难、看病贵”的写照。

“The ambulance rang，A pig a white”“Ailment pulls、Carried a serious illness，Serious illness waiting to see hades”...A folk ShunKouLiu，A new round of reform of urban and rural residents become before“See a doctor difficult、The doctor your”mirror。

　　一个国家国民的健康素质和健康水平，是其综合国力的重要体现。

A national health quality and health level，It is the important embodiment of comprehensive national strength。

　　2003年的非典疫情，暴露了中国医疗卫生体制尤其是公共卫生体系建设的问题，促使中国政府对医疗卫生体制、疾病控制体系建设重新审视。

2003 years of the SARS epidemic，Exposed the Chinese medical and health system, especially the problem of public health system，Prompted the Chinese government to medical and health system、Disease control system review。