昨天下午，市政协城建环保委组织了2012绿色北京论坛，市环保局、水务局、园林绿化局等负责人和民主党派、政协委员一起，对北京绿色发展建言献策。

Yesterday afternoon,Urban environmental protection and the CPPCC committee organized 2012 green Beijing BBS,The municipal environmental protection bureau/Municipal bureau of/Garden greening bureau chief and the democratic parties, etc/Political consultative conference (CPPCC) together,For Beijing green development Suggestions.

民盟北京市委 Zanu-pf Beijing municipal party committee

　　>>现状 >>status

　　绿地碎片化致生态功能减弱 Green fragmentized cause ecological function abate

　　热岛效应强度加剧 Heat island effect strength increased

　　民盟北京市委代表介绍了北京城市热岛效应近年来加重的情况。所谓城市热岛现象是指城区中的气温明显高于外围郊区的现象。冬天平均高出1℃，夏天甚至高出6℃。平日市民常说的“干热”就是热岛效应在作祟。

On behalf of the Beijing municipal committee of the China democratic league introduced Beijing urban heat island effect in recent years aggravating condition.The so-called urban heat island phenomena is refers to the city air temperature is obviously higher than that of the outer suburbs phenomenon.Winter average more than 1 ℃,Summer even more than 6 ℃.Normal people used to say"Hot air"Is the heat island effect in haunt.

　　从20世纪60年代到90年代，北京城市热岛效应强度以平均每10年0.22℃的速率加剧，城区年均温度的增高率是郊区的7.7倍。

Ranging from the 1960 s to the 90 s,Beijing urban heat island effect strength to average every 10 years the rate of 0.22 ℃ increased,City with an average annual temperature increase rate is 7.7 times of suburbs.

>>影响 >>influence

　　容易引发不良症状 Easy to cause adverse symptoms

　　该代表介绍，在热岛中心长期居住的居民以消化系统疾病多见，表现为食欲减退、消化不良、溃疡病最多，胃肠道疾病的复发周期短，复发率高。热岛中心地区居民神经系统方面的损害也较严重，神经系统患病率达30%，主要表现为神经官能症、失眠、烦躁不安、记忆力下降、精神萎靡、忧郁压抑感等。

The representative is introduced,In the heat island live for a long time in the center of the residents in the digestive system disease see more,Performance for anorexia/indigestion/Canker most,Gastrointestinal disease recurrence period is short,High recurrence rate.Heat island central area residents nervous system damage is also more serious,Nervous system rates up to 30%,Main show is neurosis/insomnia/dysphoria/Memory decline/listlessness/Melancholy depressive feeling, etc.

　　热岛效应还加剧能源消耗。传统的空调方式能维持一个小房间或一幢楼的环境舒适性，却加剧着城市的热岛效应，进而造成能源的巨大消耗和浪费。由于空调余热排放增加，加剧了室外空气温度。国外研究发现洛杉矶和华盛顿气温每增加1°F(17.22℃)，空调电能增加20%。

Heat island effect also aggravate energy consumption.The traditional air conditioning mode can maintain a small room a building environment comfort,But aggravate the city heat island effect,Causing the energy consuming and waste.Due to the air conditioning heat emission increases,Exacerbated the outside air temperature.Foreign study found that Los Angeles and Washington temperature every increase 1 ° F(17.22 ℃),Air conditioning power increased by 20%.

　　>>探因 >>Agent for

　　绿地分布不够集中 Green space distribution is not enough focus

　　混凝土、柏油路面以及各种建筑墙面等人工建筑物吸热快而热容小，在相同的太阳辐射条件下，沥青路面和屋顶温度可高出8℃～17℃。在夏季烈日照射下，马路上的温度要比土地上高18℃，而水泥屋顶要比草地上高20℃。

concrete/Asphalt pavement and various building metope and artificial building endothermic fast and heat capacity small,In the same solar radiation conditions,Asphalt pavement and roof temperature can was more than 8 ℃ ~ 17 ℃.In the summer sun rays,The temperature of the on the road than land on high 18 ℃,And the cement roof than grass high 20 ℃.

　　此外，日益增加的工厂、汽车、空调、冰箱等人工排热器在消耗掉大量能源的同时，还在不停地向外“倾泻”着热量，使城市的“体温”一再升高。

In addition,Increasing the factory/car/Air conditioning/Refrigerators artificial row heat exchanger in consume a lot of energy at the same time,Still keep outward"pour"The heat,Make city"temperature"Rise again and again.

　　一般认为当一个区域绿化覆盖率达到30%时，热岛强度开始出现较明显的减弱；绿化覆盖率大于50%，热岛的缓解现象极其明显。2008年北京城市绿化覆盖率已达到42.5%，但是北京的热岛效应依然在增强。其主要原因在于绿地碎片化，生态功能减弱。

Generally think that when an area green coverage rate achieves 30%,Heat island intensity began to appear obviously weakened;Green coverage rate is more than 50%,Heat island relief phenomenon are very obvious.In 2008, Beijing city green coverage rate reached 42.5%,But Beijing's heat island effect is still in enhancement.The main reason is that green fragmentized,Ecological function abate.

　　>>解决 >>solve

　　调整绿化考核指标 Adjust green assessment index

　　这位代表建议，调整城市绿化考核指标，将立体绿化、屋顶绿化面积纳入考核指标，减少城市水泥或混凝土屋顶、墙体、立交和边坡的裸露表面，在新建和改建小区规划设计标准中增加绿地生态有效面积和建筑密度的要求，而不仅仅规定绿地覆盖率。

The representative Suggestions,Adjust urban greening assessment index,Will stereo virescence/Roof greening area into the assessment index,Reduce the urban cement or concrete roof/wall/The overpass and slope of the exposed surface,In the newly-built and rebuilt district planning standards add green space ecological effective area and building density requirements,Not just the green coverage in the regulations.

　　在道路规划设计标准中，主干道的走向应与城市主导风向一致，城市规划中，要合理安排建筑间距，设计“穿堂风”。

In the road planning and design standard,The trend of the main road should be and urban dominant wind direction consistent,City planning,To the reasonable arrangement of construction spacing,design"Cross ventilation".

　　玻璃幕墙建筑要限制比例，这样高耗能的“玻璃盒子”建筑在欧洲早没有了市场。

Glass curtain wall buildings to limit the scale,Such high"Glass box"Building in Europe had no market.

　　道路修建中，她建议实施“透水性公路铺设计划”，在即将到来的新一轮道路维修期中，采用浅色、透水性强的新型柏油铺设公路，以储存雨水，降低路面温度。

Road built in,She suggested"Water permeability highway laid plans",In the coming of a new round of road maintenance midterm,Use light color/The strong permeability of new asphalt laid highway,To store the rain,Reduce pavement temperature.

环保局 Environmental protection bureau

　　推动建立防噪专项资金 Promote the establishment of the deadening special funds

　　市环保局负责人介绍，13年来北京实施了16个阶段大气污染控制措施，成果显著，2011年与1998年相比，大气中的二氧化硫、二氧化氮、可吸入颗粒物浓度分别下降了76.7%、25.7%和39.4%。

The municipal environmental protection bureau chief introduction,13 years, Beijing implemented 16 stage air pollution control measures,Remarkable achievements,In 2011 compared with 1998,Sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere/Nitrogen dioxide/Pm10 concentration were down 76.7%/25.7% and 39.4%.

　　在防噪音污染方面，除了新建道路必须降噪措施与主体工程同时设计同时建设以外，对五环路内大量既有道路的交通噪声污染问题，加强协调，推动建立噪声污染防治专项资金，积极倡导治理资金来源多元化，加快采取安装隔声窗、隔声屏等措施，解决噪声扰民问题。

In prevent noise pollution aspect,In addition to the new road must noise reduction measures and the main part of the project design and construction outside,A large number of road to within the existing road traffic noise pollution problem,To strengthen the coordination,Promote the establishment of special funds for the prevention and control of noise pollution,Actively advocate management funds from diversified sources,To speed up the installation of sound insulation window/Acoustic screen etc,To solve the noise problem engendered.

园林绿化局 Garden greening bureau

　　打造百条行道树大街 Article one hundred build roadside street

　　市园林绿化局负责人表示，绿色发展已经成为目前北京发展的重大潮流，惠及民生已成为首都发展的根本方向。到2015年，全市森林面积增加5万公顷，森林覆盖率达到40%，林木绿化率达到57%；城市绿地增加4500公顷，城市绿化覆盖率达到48%。

The city botanical garden greening bureau chief said,Green development has become a major trend at present the development of Beijing,The livelihood of the people benefit has become the basic direction of capital development.By 2015,The 50000 - hectare forest area increased,The forest coverage rate reached 40%,Afforestation rate reached 57%;Urban green space increases 4500 hectares,City green coverage rate reached 48%.

　　还要打造百条特色行道树大街，大力推进老旧小区绿化改造、居住区绿化和停车场绿化，完成100万平方米城市立体绿化。

Article one hundred to build characteristic roadside trees street,Vigorously promote old village green transformation/Landscape of residential district and parking lot greening,Finished 1 million square meters urban stereo virescence.

　　本报记者周宇

Our reporter et al