前晚，在国瑞城门口的非机动车道上，急救人员将一名病人推上120急救车。新京报记者 王嘉宁 摄

The night before last,In countries at the entrance of the gate of the city he is not on motor vehicles,Emergency workers will be a patient on 120 ambulance.The Beijing news reporter WangJiaNing perturbation

　　国家卫生部、北京市卫生局正分头拟定急救相关法规，破解急救病人因交通堵塞或医院“无床”遭遇的转运难题。

The national institutes of health/The municipal bureau of health is separate out first aid related laws and regulations,Crack emergency patients in a traffic jam or hospital"No bed"The transfer problem encountered.

　　

《北京市急救医疗服务条例》第五稿调研 [Beijing emergency medical services ordinance]The fifth draft survey

　　昨日，卫生部召开例行新闻发布会。针对最近发生的“急救车拉病人跑5家医院不得接治”、“急救车遇堵，3公里走40分钟病人死亡”事件，卫生部新闻发言人邓海华称，卫生部相关部门正在牵头制定相关政策，其中就包括去年已向社会征求意见的《院前医疗急救管理办法》，将以部长令的形式发布。

yesterday,The ministry of health held a regular press conference.According to recent"Ambulance pulled the patient run 5 hospitals may not meet cure"/"Ambulance stopped in,3 km walk forty minutes patients died"events,The ministry of health DengHaiHua spokesman said,The ministry of health related departments are lead and make the relevant policies,Including last year has to social for opinion[Prehospital emergency medical management measures],Will be in the form of minister to release.

　　另据了解，北京市的急救地方法规从2007年动议，今年已进入市人大的立法调研阶段。据北京市卫生局相关负责人介绍，目前，这部暂定名为《北京市急救医疗服务条例》的地方性急救立法已经开始了第五稿的调研。

Additional as we have learned,Beijing's first aid local laws and regulations from 2007 motion,This year has already entered the municipal people's congress legislation research stage.According to the relevant person in charge of the municipal bureau of health is introduced,At present,This ZanDingMing for[Beijing emergency medical services ordinance]Local emergency legislation has begun the fifth draft survey.

　　

考虑从免责角度为急救车争取路权 Considering from the relief Angle for the right to fight for an ambulance

　　针对市民广泛关注“急救车遇堵”问题，立法起草者拟在《条例》草案中加重“笔墨”，重在为转运及危重症患者的急救车争取更为明确的“优先路权”。在城市，急救车在转运途中遭遇堵车已是常态。根据北京市急救中心的监测统计，白天、城区里120急救车的转运时速平均不足40公里。

According to the public attention"Ambulance stopped in"problems,Legislation drafter fitting in[regulations]Increase the draft"Pen and ink",Emphasis on for transport and critically ill patients with emergency ambulance for more clear"Priority right".In the city,Ambulance in transit encounter traffic is normal.According to the Beijing first aid center monitoring statistics,The day/In the urban area 120 ambulance transport speed of average shortage and kilometers.

　　实际上，急救车在转运患者途中的优先路权已有法律明确。现行《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》第53条规定，救护车、警车、消防车、工程抢险车四类特种车辆，在执行紧急任务时拥有优先路权，包括不受行驶路线、行驶方向、行驶速度和信号灯的限制，其他车辆和行人应该让行。

In fact,Ambulance during the transfer patients way right priority for law clearly.current[The road traffic safety law of the People's Republic]The provisions of article 53,The ambulance/Police car/truck/Engineering emergency vehicle four kinds of special vehicle,In carrying out an urgent tasks have priority right,Including from driving route/Driving direction/Running speed and the limitation of the light,Other vehicles and pedestrians should be to give way.

　　北京对于《道交法》的实施办法中还有明确的罚则：如驾驶机动车遇有执行紧急任务的警车、消防车、救护车、工程抢险车未按照规定让行的，或违反规定占用应急车道的，均处200元罚款。

Beijing for[Way JiaoFa]In the implementation of the measures and specific penalties:Such as driving motor vehicles carrying out an urgent task in the police car/truck/The ambulance/Engineering emergency car not according to stipulations of to give way,Or, in violation of the regulations, take emergency lane,All place a fine of RMB 200 yuan.

　　但不少市民表示，这种罚则很难界定，也难以落实。因此，立法起草者在初步征集市民意见后，考虑从免责角度为急救车争取路权。比如，在转运急危重症病人途中，急救车如和周围邻近社会车辆出现剐蹭，予以免责。

But many residents said,This kind of penalty is hard to define,Also difficult to implement.so,Legislation drafter in preliminary collection citizens advice,Considering from the relief Angle for the right to fight for an ambulance.Such as,During the transfer on the critical patients,Ambulance as and neighbouring social vehicles appear cut over,Liability shall be.

　　但相关负责人亦坦言，在这一条款中，病人的病情如何界定、卫生部门界定后交管部门和公众是否认可，都是法条执行中会遇到的具体问题。

But also the relevant person in charge said,In this clause,The patient's condition how to define/Department of health after the definition of tubal branch and whether the public recognition,Is the execution of law will meet the specific problem.

　　

追访 After visit

　　

120拟设非急症患者预约转运服务 120 intends to set up the emergency patients appointment transfer service

　　新京报讯 北京市急救中心计划单独调拨出10辆急救车，探索对非急症患者开设预约转运服务。

The Beijing news - Beijing first aid center plan alone transfer out ten a ambulance,To explore emergency patients were not set up an appointment transfer service.

　　目前，北京市120和999急救网络日常转运的病人中，20%至30%都是非急症的“平转”病人。面对很可能同时出现的急症和非急症患者，急救中心的调度系统如何能分清“轻重缓急”、确保第一时间转运急危重症患者，同时在有车的情况下也能满足非急症患者的医疗转运需求？

At present,The 120 and 999 first aid network daily transfer patients,20% to 30% is the emergency"swing"The patient.In the face of likely occur at the same time of the emergency and the emergency patients,First aid center scheduling system how to distinguish"priorities"/Ensure that the first time transfer the critical patients,At the same time under the condition of the car can also satisfy the emergency patients medical transport demand?

　　据北京市卫生局应急办相关负责人介绍，需要开展预约转运服务的“非急症患者”，并不包括那些恶意拨打急救电话的人或病情无需急救车转运的患者。这里的“非急症患者”，是指仍需要在转运途中获得专业医学照护的慢病患者，如要去住院或出院回家的老年慢性病患者。

According to the municipal bureau of health emergency to do relevant controller introduces,Need to carry out an appointment transfer service"Emergency patients were not",Do not include the malicious call emergency telephone or illness without ambulance transport of the patients.here"Emergency patients were not",Refers to still need in transit for professional medical care slow patients,If you want to go to hospital or go home elderly patients with chronic diseases.

　　该负责人坦言，非急症患者的预约转运服务，应该可以由社会资源来承办，但目前尚没有这样的社会企业涌现出来，急救中心只能先利用现有资源做一些尝试。对于预约转运急救车上是否还需要配急救医院、配备什么样的设备等问题，还有待探索。

This person in charge said,The emergency patients reservation transport services,Should be able to undertake the social resources,But there is no such social enterprise emerged,First aid center can only be use of the present resources do some trials.To make an appointment transfer ambulance would need to match the hospital first aid/Equipped with what kind of equipment problems,Remains to be explore.

　　

焦点 focus

　　拟定中的《北京市急救医疗服务条例》，还面临着几大关乎“急救速度”的争论焦点，北京市卫生局也在针对这些焦点问题征询各界意见。

Protocol of[Beijing emergency medical services ordinance],Also faced with several big concerns"Emergency speed"Debate focus,The municipal bureau of health also aimed at these focus consult opinions from all walks of life.

　　

1转运哪家医院医生定还是患者定？ 1 transport which hospital doctors or patients will set?

　　【背景】 一方面是大医院急诊科床位爆满；另一方面是患者及家属盲目信赖“品牌医院”，临近有空床的普通医院急诊科不去，执意要去三甲医院急诊科“碰运气”等床位。在“3公里走40分钟”的急救事件中，有不少市民提出，离伤者更近的还有比目的地武警总医院更近的两家医院，但不知道急救车为何没有前往。

[background] On the one hand is big hospital emergency departments full bed;On the other hand is the patient and family to blind trust"Hospital brand",Free near the bed general hospital emergency department not to go,Determined to go to 3 armour hospital emergency department"lottery"Beds, etc.in"3 km walk forty minutes"In the event of emergency,Many people put forward,From the wounded closer and closer than the destination armed police general hospital two hospitals,But I don't know why not to an ambulance.

　　市民建议：急救车转运病人，送哪家医院的问题，能否在立法中明确。在病人神志清醒的情况下，病人来决定，医生只有建议权；病人神志不完全清楚的情况下，决定权在医生。在急救车往哪家医院开的决策问题上，可以有一份类似于“知情同意书”的法律文件，以分清责任。

Citizens advice:Ambulance transport the patient,To the problem of hospital,Whether in the legislation in clear.The patient is conscious of the situation,The patient to decide,The doctor only JianYiQuan;The patient was not completely clear case,Decision in the doctor.In the ambulance to which hospital open decision problem,Can have a similar to"Informed consent"Legal documents,To distinguish responsibility.

　　部门回应：在急救转运过程中，已有“知情同意书”，但目前这份“知情同意”很难阻挡一些非急症患者或急症患者家属要去大医院的决心。目前的草案拟定工作中，也在讨论是否对原有的急救转运原则做一些现实性的调整。就近、救急、就能力、就意愿四项中，“就意愿”的位置是否可以往前挪一步，但这种调整还需谨慎论证。

Department response:In the first aid the transfer process,has"Informed consent",But now the"Informed consent"It is difficult to stop some non emergency patients or emergency patients families want to go to large hospital determination.The draft protocol work,Also in the debate over the original emergency transfer principle to do some practical adjustment.near/emergency/Ability is/Intend to four of the,"Intend to"Whether the location can move one step forward,But this adjustment need careful argument.

　　

2 无故占用急救通道能否加重处罚？ 2 take emergency channel can cause severe penalty?

　　【背景】 据深圳媒体日前报道，拟出台的《深圳经济特区急救医疗条例》将专门设立“主动让行”条款，对占用急救绿色通道的处罚标准将超过深圳现行交通管理条例中规定的500元。

[background] According to the shenzhen media reported,Quasi on the introduction of the[Emergency medical regulations of shenzhen special economic zone]Will set up"Initiative to give way"clause,For first aid the green channel of punishment standard will be more than shenzhen current traffic regulations specified in the 500 yuan.

　　市民建议：目前《道交法》及北京实施办法中，对急救车的有限路权已有界定和惩罚条款，但不明确，也难以实行。有必要借鉴深圳的做法，在《急救医疗服务条例》中再针对急救车的优先路权问题进行明确和强调。对违规者，进行严惩。

Citizens advice:At present[Way JiaoFa]And the measures for the implementation of the Beijing,The right to ambulance co., LTD., has been defined and penalty clause,But not clear,Also difficult to implement.It is necessary to learn from the practice of shenzhen,in[Emergency medical services ordinance]According to the priority again in an ambulance right problems are clear and emphasize.Offenders to,punish.

　　部门回应：在惩罚的力度规定上，确实有一个和相关法规衔接的问题。希望通过目前大家关注的热点问题以及这次急救立法工作，推动相关部门加强急救车的优先路权。

Department response:In the strength of the provisions of punishment,Do have one and the relevant laws and regulations on the problem.Hope that through now pay more attention to the hot issue and the emergency legislation,Push related departments to strengthen the ambulance priority right.

　　

3路人邻居参与急救能否“免责”？ 3 l neighbors can participate in first aid"disclaimer"?

　　【背景】 北京有很多胡同，道窄车多路难行，急救车一时间很难开进去；也有很多老旧小区，由于没有电梯，楼梯内杂物堆放多，转运重症患者的担架都难以通行，耽误了有限的抢救时间。

[background] There are a lot of hutong in Beijing,Narrow road car multiple difficult to do,Ambulance at that time it is difficult to drive in;Also has a lot of old village,Since there is no elevator,Stair inside lumber more,In severe cases, the transfer of the stretcher is difficult to passing,Delay the rescue time limited.

　　市民建议：能否在立法中调动社会力量？比如鼓励其他医务人员或有医学背景的人，如果发现自己周围邻居或身边遇到的人中有急症患者，在急救车急救人员赶到前，能先实施紧急处置，赢得抢救时间。但是立法中必须有对这部分“见义勇为”者的免责条款。

Citizens advice:Whether in the legislation to mobilize social forces?Such as encouraging other medical personnel or has a medical background,If you find yourself surrounding neighbors or side meet among patients with emergency,Emergency workers in the ambulance arrived at the front,Can you implement emergency disposal,Win the rescue time.But legislation must have for this part"Never hesitated to"The disclaimer.

　　部门回应：借鉴国际经验，也在考虑先对有行医资质的医生给予紧急情况下急救病人的“免责”权。根据现状调研，有计划培育社区医生的“急救”潜能。比如社区医生在遇到社区内有急症病人，急救车一时间难以赶到的情况下，有权先对急症病人给予紧急救治。

Department response:Drawing lessons from international experience,Also consider first to have doctor qualification doctor give emergency first aid the patient's"disclaimer"right.According to the present situation investigation,In a planned way to cultivate community doctor"emergency"potential.Such as the community to meet in the community emergency patients,Ambulance time under the condition of hard to get,First to emergency patients have the right to give emergency treatment.

　　

4以高价限非急症患者占急救资源？ 4 at a high price limit the emergency patients of emergency resources?

　　【背景】 北京一直没有完整的院前急救收费标准，目前执行的标准是物价部门参照医院内的临床医疗服务的收费标准来制定的，部分收费不尽合理。

[background] Beijing has been no complete first-aid charging standard,At present the execution of standard is price department according to the hospital in clinical medical service fee standards of to make,Part of the charges are reasonable.

　　市民建议：能否在急救立法中对院前急救的收费标准给予重新规定。对于普通非急症患者，转运费用调高；对急危重症患者，转运费用调低。通过价格杠杆，对非急症患者浪费急救资源给予一个控制。

Citizens advice:If it is possible to emergency legislation of pre-hospital care given to charge standard regulations.For the average non emergency patients,Transport cost raised;To the critical patients,Transport cost down.Through the price lever,To the emergency patients waste of emergency resources to a control.

　　部门回应：卫生部门正在向有关部门申请，重新制定院前急救收费标准。收费标准和急救站点布局规划等问题都可以通过行政手段来解决，卫生部门也在努力推进，但不会作为立法的重点。

Department response:Health department is to apply for relevant departments,Reorganized of prehospital emergency treatment fee standards.Charging standard and emergency site layout planning can through administrative means to solve,The health department are also trying to promote,But not as the focus of the legislation.

　　魏铭言

W MingYan