甲醛、工业盐、塑化剂……这些原本与食品完全不搭界的东西，在2012年上了老百姓的餐桌。回首2012年，这场全民皆兵的“保胃战”打得颇为辛苦，至今仍旧面临三大困境亟待突破。

formaldehyde/Industrial salt/Plasticizer...The original and food are far removed things,In 2012 the people on the table.Look back 2012 years,The of a soldier"Protect stomach war"Played quite hard,Still faces three big trouble to break through.

非法添加之困 Illegal add the trapped

　　今年国务院印发《关于加强食品安全工作的决定》，提出用3年左右时间，使食品安全治理整顿工作取得明显成效。食品非法添加历来被列为国家打击食品安全违法犯罪的重点行为，从今年的情况来看，非法添加仍旧是局部地区引发食品安全的主因，甲醛和工业盐可谓是今年食品安全事故的主角。

This year the state council issued the[On strengthening the food safety work decision],Put forward three years time,Make food safety regulation and has achieved remarkable success.Add food illegal has been classified as a national food safety illegal crime against the key behavior,From this year's situation,Illegal add local regions is still the major cause of food safety,Formaldehyde and industrial salt which is the leading role of food safety accidents this year.

　　2012年元月，安徽省侦破一起制售甲醛超标400多倍的“甲醛猪血”案。两名商人把猪血放入水池，兑入化学品甲醛浸泡两三个小时，取出当“鸭血”销售。一年多时间10余吨“甲醛猪血”流入市场。2011年末至2012年3月底，广东佛山市高明威极调味食品有限公司采购液态盐760吨生产酱油成品及半成品，经查明非法使用工业用盐水生产的酱油半成品，已流入珠三角5市7家调味品企业。

In January 2012,Anhui solve manufacturing with formaldehyde to exceed bid more than 400 times"Formaldehyde pig blood"case.Two businessmen put pig blood into the pool,Against the into chemical formaldehyde for two or three hours,Out when"Duck blood"sales.More than a year ten tons"Formaldehyde pig blood"Flows into the market.By the end of 2011 to 2012 by the end of march,Guangdong foshan GaoMingWei pole seasoning food co., LTD. Purchase liquid salt soy sauce production 760 tons of finished products and semi-finished products,Find out the illegal use of industrial salt production of soy sauce semi-finished products,Already into the pearl river delta city of 5 7 home seasoning enterprise.

　　明知严重危害人体健康，却故意非法添加，其动因无非是违法带来的暴利，一位食品企业负责人在接受采访时说。“一吨食用盐比一吨工业盐的价格要高出近800元，对于中小企业来说使用工业盐的诱惑很大。与此同时，工业盐加工的酱油并不像其他剧毒物品一样立竿见影，人体微量食用并不会立即出现中毒症状，违法者被揭发的可能性很小。”

That serious harm to human health,It deliberately added illegally,The reason it is illegal to bring the profits,A food enterprise in charge in an interview."A ton of edible salt than a ton of industrial salt price higher than to nearly 800 yuan,For small and medium-sized enterprise to use the lure of the great industrial salt.meanwhile,Industrial salt processing of soy sauce is not like other deadly poison as immediate items,The human body trace food will not immediately appear poisoning symptoms,The offender was the possibility is very small."

　　中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院副教授朱毅认为，部分执法部门的执法不严在一定程度上削弱了政府监管的威慑力。应采用“杀一儆百”的执法方式，提高企业违法成本，违法企业要被罚到倾家荡产，一旦违法就不能被允许第二次进入这一行业。

China agricultural university in food science and nutrition engineering institute, an associate professor at ZhuYi think,Part of the law enforcement of the law enforcement is lax weakened to some extent the deterrent threat of government supervision.Should adopt"averagely"Law enforcement way,Improve enterprise illegal cost,Illegal enterprise will be fined to break the bank,Once the illegal cannot be allowed to enter the industry for the second time.

　　广东省质监局有关负责人表示，应当摒弃食品安全各监管部门分段监管的弊端，逐步实现上下联动、部门联动，实现对食品安全事件的处理快速反应。对于食品安全问题，应按照“三不放过”的原则进行处理，即查处案件时，做到原料来源、产品流向未查清的不放过；问题产品未召回、未处理的不放过；不法分子未受到惩处的不放过。

Guangdong province pledges inspect bureau officials said,Should be abandoned the food safety supervision department section the disadvantages of supervision,And gradually realize linkage/Department linkage,Realize the food safety incident rapid response.For food safety problems,Should according to"Air pass"On the basis of processing,And when is the case,Do the sources of the raw materials/Product flow not find out the don't pass;Problem product not recall/Untreated don't pass;Outlaws not punished the don't pass.

安全标准之困 Safety standards of the trapped

　　自2009年食品安全法实施以来，卫生部会同农业部等共同组建食品安全国家标准审评委员会，现已制定并公布超过260多项新的食品安全国家标准。在标准逐步完善的同时，局部暴露的食品安全问题显示有关食品安全的强制性技术规范仍待加强。

Since the 2009 years since the implementation of food safety,The ministry of public health and the ministry of agriculture, etc to set up a evaluation committee for national food safety standards,Have been formulated and published more than 260 a number of new national food safety standards.In the standard gradually perfect at the same time,Local exposure of food safety problems show the food safety of the mandatory technical specifications are still to be strengthen.

　　广州5月份检出120多吨含有甲醛的白菜，部分地区部分蔬菜商贩使用甲醛溶液喷洒白菜进行保鲜的现象已出现了三、四年。有关政府部门负责人说：“甲醛用在白菜上保鲜这个问题，现在来看没有明确的规定能不能用。甲醛不属于农药范畴，农产品使用的农药进入市场一般是检测农药残留，一般不检测使用甲醛的保鲜药。”

Guangzhou may check out more than 120 tons of cabbage contains formaldehyde,Some vegetables parts vendors use formaldehyde solution spray cabbage for fresh phenomenon has appeared three/Four years.The relevant government department person in charge said:"Formaldehyde in Chinese cabbage on fresh this problem,Now come to no clear rules can use.Formaldehyde does not belong to pesticide category,Agricultural use of pesticides to enter the market is generally detection pesticide residue,Don't usually use formaldehyde detection of preservation of medicine."

　　无独有偶，年末震惊资本市场的白酒塑化剂超标事件更是昭示了标准的不足。当酒鬼酒被曝光塑化剂问题时，白酒行业的国家标准里并没有塑化剂指标。要证明其是否超标，只能依GB／T21911-2008《食品中邻苯二甲酸酯的测定》和GB9685-2008《食品容器包装材料用添加剂使用卫生标准》，但都不是为白酒行业量身定做的。

similarly,By the end of the year of the capital market liquor plasticizer overweight events but also indicates the lack of standards.When the drunkard wine was exposure plasticizing agent problem,Liquor industry in the national standard and no plasticizer index.To prove whether the overweight,Only in accordance with GB/T21911-2008[Food of phthalic acid ester measurement]And GB9685-2008[Food container packaging materials used additive use health standard],But not for liquor industry of customizing.

　　农业部农产品质量安全监管局有关专家表示，应当由政府主导加快完善食品安全标准的步伐加大对食品安全标准研究的科学研究投入，改变目前食品安全标准、检测、评估等技术支撑能力弱的状况。

The ministry of agriculture agricultural products quality and safety supervision bureau experts said,Shall be made by the government leading to speed up the pace of the perfect food safety standards to increase the food safety standards in scientific research,Change the current food safety standards/detection/Evaluation of the technical support ability weak condition.

监管成本之困 The cost of supervision of the trapped

　　在国家主管部门的推动下，“食品安全溯源系统”是今年以来食品安全监管领域的亮点。记者调研了解到，这一被大众寄予厚望的溯源系统目前面临着成本高、推广难的问题。

In the national competent departments under the push,"Food safety traceability system"Is this year since the food safety supervision areas of window.Reporter investigation to know,This public expectations of traceability system is faced with high cost/Promote the difficult question.

　　2012年年初，上海市率先宣布已对猪肉建立信息追溯系统，今年将延伸到牛肉和羊肉。目前在上海出售的猪肉带有“电子身份证”——芯片，可记载生猪的养殖、屠宰、加工、运输和销售等环节，如发现问题，完全可以追溯到具体责任人，而后最严厉处罚、执法就会介入处理。这一食品安全溯源系统随即在种子、蔬菜、肉类、乳制品、酱油等其他食品中被推广使用。

In early 2012,Shanghai announced the already established pork information tracing system,This year will be extended to beef and mutton.Currently in Shanghai for sale with pork"Electronic id card"- chip,Can record the live pig breeding/slaughter/processing/Transportation and sale link,If found,Completely can be traced back to the responsible persons,And then the most severe punishment/Law enforcement will be involved in processing.The food safety traceability system immediately in seed/vegetables/meat/Dairy products/Soy sauce and other food be promotion use.

　　然而不得不面对的是，溯源系统面临着较高的运行成本。一位酱油生产企业负责人告诉记者，原料检测、加工过程、出厂检验等多个环节、多个时段都需要专人管理数据，这对于利润微薄的企业来说也是一笔不菲的支出。

However have to face is,Traceability system is facing higher operating costs.A soy sauce production enterprise person in charge told reporters,Material testing/process/The factory inspection, and other links/Many time need specialist management data,The profit of the enterprise a is also a significant spending.

　　一家专门生产“电子身份证”的企业负责人告诉记者，由于目前“电子身份证”的普及范围并不广，生产、销售、信息制作成本都很高，一般企业难以承受这笔开支。“以每小袋售价20元的蔬菜为例，包装袋里面安装的芯片的成本就达到了0.5元左右，施肥、打农药、加工的信息都需要输入，加起来成本就更高了。”

A special production"Electronic id card"Person in charge of the enterprise told reporters,Due to the present"Electronic id card"The popularity of the range is not wide,production/sales/Information production costs are very high,General enterprise to bear the costs."The price per pouch twenty yuan vegetables as an example,Bags inside the chip installation cost reached 0.5 yuan,fertilization/Play pesticide/Processing the information need to enter,Add up the cost is higher."

　　深圳市骄冠科技实业有限公司总经理焦林说，追溯系统的技术问题已经解决，但是如何与政府和行业资源结合起来却还有很长的路要走。“这个追溯系统如果无法实现全国联网，便会威力大减，难以发挥作用，但这需要借助政府和行业协会来一起推动。”(记者欧甸丘)

Shenzhen arrogant crown science and technology industrial co., LTD., general manager JiaoLin said,Traceability system technical problem is solved,But how to combine government and industry resources but still have a long way to go."The traceability system if unable to realize the national network,Great power will be reduced,Difficult to play a role,But this need with the aid of government and industry association to promote together."(Reporter the survey hill)