120“救命难”的背后——车荒、人荒、站点荒 120"Help to"- behind the car/People waste/Site waste

　　北京一患者不久前因路上太堵延误治疗殒命急救车内事件，让120在城市拥堵面前的被动和无奈充分显露，也引发了社会各界对“救命难”的担忧。记者采访发现，当前120急救行业自身面临车荒、人荒和站点荒，是造成120“救命难”背后的深层次原因。

A Beijing patients recently because of the way too plugging delay treatment killed in the ambulance,To 120 before the congestion in the city of passive and helpless fully revealed,Also caused the social from all walks of life to"Help to"Concern about the.Reporters found that the,The current 120 emergency car industry faces/People waste and site,Is 120"Help to"The deep reason behind.

车荒——急救车连轴转，一年修理20次 Car waste - the ambulance,Repair 20 times a year

　　从2012年起，乌鲁木齐市急救中心取消运送出院病人回家等非紧急任务，以增加急救车周转量，保障日常急救工作用车。这是乌鲁木齐市急救中心专门为应对“车荒”推出的举措。

Since 2012,Urumqi first aid center to cancel shipping discharged patients home such as emergency task,In order to increase the ambulance turnover,Ensure daily emergency transport.This is urumqi first aid center for answers"Car waste"Out of action.

　　记者从乌鲁木齐市急救中心了解到，目前，全市急救网络内有23家医疗机构、24辆急救车，2012年增加到140至150趟次，全年突破4.6万趟次。

The reporter understands from urumqi first-aid center,At present,,The city emergency network there were 23 home medical institutions/24 the ambulance,Increased to 2012 from 140 to 150 times,The year 46000 times.

　　一边是日益增长的城市人口，尤其是老龄化人口增速明显，另一边却是捉襟见肘的120急救服务。

One side is the growing urban population,Especially for aging population growth,On the other side is injury of 120 emergency services.

　　记者在新疆医科大学第一附属医院急救站、新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院北院急救站等站点采访时看到，急救人员常常接到超出服务半径的急救任务。自治区人民医院北院院前急救站驾驶员毕海军告诉记者，急救车周转不过来，“跨区”出车是常事，他经常到距医院30多公里的八钢片区拉病人，遇上堵车来回要3个小时。

Reporter in xinjiang medical university first affiliated hospital station/The xinjiang uygur autonomous region people's hospital of north of station sites such as interview to see,Emergency workers often got beyond the service radius of emergency task.Autonomous region people's hospital north yuan yuan before the station after the pilot navy told reporters,The ambulance turnover not to come over,"transnational"Driving is common,He often go to the hospital from 30 kilometers of eight steel for the patient,Was caught in a traffic jam to back three hours.

　　救护车规定车辆报废时间为15年，但急救车每天“连轴转”，最好状态只有5年，车况不稳定。毕海军告诉记者，他的车5年跑了20多万公里，2012年修了不下20次。

The ambulance vehicles scrapped stipulated time for 15 years,But the ambulance every day"which",Best state only 5 years,Condition is not stable.Finish the navy told reporters,His car five years running for more than 20 kilometers,Built more than 20 times in 2012.

　　此外，救护车普遍较为陈旧，内部简陋。雪天采访时，记者坐在自治区人民医院北院急救车里，看到从车尾门缝里不时灌进片片雪花。新疆第一济困医院护士袁静告诉记者，冬天太冷时，车内温度太低，只能把药液抱在怀中给病人输液，但药液有时还是在导管中就已经结冰。

In addition,The ambulance is older,Inside the pallet.Snow in an interview,Reporter in autonomous region people's hospital in the north of the ambulance,Seen from the rear door from time to time filling into patches of snow.Xinjiang first teaching hospital nurse tsang told reporters,When the winter is too cold,The car temperature is too low,Can only give patients injections solution and carry them in his bosom,But sometimes solution or in the pipeline has been frozen.

人荒——招工难，留住人更难 People waste - hire difficult,Keep people more difficult

　　“争分夺秒，救危扶重”，在乌鲁木齐120调度指挥中心墙上，这八个大字格外醒目。记者采访的近1个小时里，看到接警员李莉不停接听报警电话，间歇最长不过2分钟。她告诉记者，这两年急救电话呼入量增长惊人，最多时有一次凌晨2点到7点出车达31趟次。

"The clock,JiuWei lifting heavy",In urumqi 120 scheduling command center on the wall,The eight characters particularly eye-catching.The reporters of the nearly an hour,See the police lily always answer the phone call,Intermittent longest but 2 minutes.She told reporters,Two years emergency call into the amount of growth,Most have a 2 PM to 7 PM in the morning out of the trip.

　　这种高强度工作让很多一线急救人员感觉“吃不消”。新疆第一济困医院急救科主任王晶晶从事急救工作已有十多年，她告诉记者：“现在急诊量明显加大，一晚上接四五个出诊任务是常有的事。这些都不算啥，最辛苦的事情莫过于抬担架。”王晶晶说，医生、护士通常是女的，碰上空巢老人或没有帮手的患者，他们要亲自把病人抬上急救车。

The high strength work make a lot of first aid workers"Unable to stand".Xinjiang WangJingJing, director of the first teaching hospital emergency departments engaged in emergency work more than ten years,She told reporters:"Now the fluctuation significantly increased,One night after four or five given task is often the case.These are not what,The most hard thing to carry stretchers."WangJingJing said,The doctor/The nurse is usually a woman,Patients with empty nest old man or no helper,They will carry the patient himself in an ambulance.

　　工作人员反映，从事这项工作体力支出大，待遇低，还得不到尊重。部分医生认为，干急救辛苦不说，评职称、晋升无望，专业丢失。而急救站点负责人最害怕过春节，每到过节，有些人就不干了，重新招人很难。

Staff to reflect,Energy expenditure for this job,Low salary,Still can't get respect.Some doctors think,Dry emergency hard say,Evaluation of the title/Promotion hopeless,Professional lost.And first aid site person in charge of the most afraid of the Spring Festival,Each to the feast,Some people will quit,Again it is difficult to recruit people.

　　新疆第二济困医院负责人赵培福告诉记者，急救站车辆、设备、人员均由医院承担，医护人员收入低，大部分为女性，长年值班，休息不足。同时，一半以上没有编制，人员流失频繁。

Xinjiang second teaching hospital of ZhaoPeiFu told reporters,Station vehicles/equipment/Personnel shall be borne by the hospital,The medical staff income is low,Most of whom are women,The elder on duty,Not enough rest.At the same time,More than half without preparation,Loss of personnel frequent.

站点荒——贴钱办站，时间越长赔得越多 Site waste - TieQian do stand,The longer the more you lose

　　乌鲁木齐市急救中心副主任王晓静说，乌鲁木齐院前急救工作开展已18年，120网络建立已14年，先后有32家医疗机构加入120体系，最多时达34辆急救车，承担了突发公共事件医学救援、群众急危重症日常医疗急救、重大社会活动医疗保障任务。

Urumqi emergency WangXiaoJing, deputy director of the center said,Urumqi has 18 years of prehospital emergency work,120 network set up already 14 years,Successively have 32 medical institutions to join 120 system,Most time reached 34 the ambulance,For public emergency medical rescue/The critical daily medical emergency/Important social activities in the medical security task.

　　然而，截至2011年底，全市先后有9家医疗机构退出120急救网络体系，仅2011年就有4家拒绝继续承担120急救工作，值班救护车减少5辆。

However,,By the end of 2011,The city has nine out of 120 emergency medical institution network system,Only 2011 has four refused to continue to bear 120 emergency work,On duty ambulance reduce 5 vehicles.

　　按照卫生部关于急救中心网络站点服务半径(每5万人口配备一辆急救车)，乌鲁木齐需要合理分布急救站点45个、配备急救车辆90辆，而目前乌鲁木齐市120急救网络救护车辆是每9万人约有一辆救护车。记者在采访中了解到，乌鲁木齐急救站分布不均，部分急救站的救援半径超过了5公里至8公里的建站原则，新疆化肥厂医院的急救半径最远达150公里。

According to the ministry of health about first aid center web site service radius(Per 50000 population with an ambulance),Urumqi need reasonable distribution of emergency sites 45/Equipped with emergency vehicles 90,And the urumqi city 120 emergency rescue vehicles network is about an ambulance per 90000 people.The reporter understands in the interview,Urumqi station distribution,Part of the station rescue more than 5 km radius to 8 km principles of site,Radius of the xinjiang fertilizer plant of the hospital first aid as far as 150 kilometers.

　　新疆化肥厂医院院长何沛新说，新疆化肥厂医院从企业剥离出来后，救护车辆、油费、器械、药品等都由医院自己配备，救护车常坏，维修费用高，养路费、油料费自己承担，负担沉重，不知还能坚持多久。

The xinjiang fertilizer plant hospital dean HePei opinions,Hospital of the xinjiang fertilizer plant after stripping out from the enterprise,Rescue vehicles/Oil fee/equipment/Equipped with drugs, such as by own hospital,The ambulance is bad,Maintenance of the high cost of,Highway maintenance fees/Annual himself,Heavy burden,I don't know how long can adhere to.

　　据了解，除乌鲁木齐市急救中心下设的3个直属急救站可享受到政府专项拨款，其余急救站或急救中心都是部分二甲以上医院出于社会责任建立起来的，基本没有经济效益。

It is understood,In urumqi first aid center has three station enjoy the government directly under special funding,The rest station or first aid center is part of dimethyl above hospital for social responsibility,Basic no economic benefit.

　　相关人士分析，由于缺乏有效的资金保障，部分建立急救站的医疗机构运转时间越长，贴钱越多，难以为继，是导致急救站选择退出的主要原因。

Relevant personage analysis,Due to the lack of effective guarantee funds,The longer part of the medical institution running station to establish,The more TieQian,unsustainable,Are the main reasons that lead to station select exit.

　　专家指出，政府应加大投入，建立120网络建设长效机制，解决急救站布局不平衡、车辆不足及急救人员待遇低等制约“120”发展的问题，确保医疗急救的正常运行和可持续发展。(记者潘莹 宿传义)

Experts point out that,The government should increase investment,Establish long-term effective mechanism of 120 network construction,Solve the station distribution imbalance/Vehicles and emergency workers low treatment"120"The development of the problems,To ensure the normal operation and sustainable development of a medical emergency.(The reporter PanYing SuChuanYi)