“史大夫，俺家孩子有些发烧，你快来给看看吧。”几分钟之后，河北省新河县西高庄村的乡村医生史胜利便带着自己的医疗包赶到患者家，无论输液还是打针，都十分专业。如今中国农村活跃着110多万这样的乡村医生，看小病不出门已从许多村民的梦想变成现实。

"The history of the doctor,Simply children some fever,You come to look at it."After a few minutes,XinHeXian GaoZhuang west village in hebei province history of rural doctors in the victory with his own medical bag to patient's home,Whether infusion or an injection,Are very professional.Now China's rural active with more than 110 of these rural doctors,The ailment does not go out from the dream of many villagers came into reality.

　　乡村医生，最初被称作“赤脚医生”，诞生于20世纪五六十年代。当时中国农村卫生条件较为恶劣，疾病流行，政府部门提出把卫生工作的重点放到农村，培养了一大批“赤脚医生”。

Doctors in rural areas,The first is called the"Barefoot doctors",Born in the 60 s of the 20 th century.At that time China rural health condition is bad,disease,The government put the emphasis of health work in rural areas are put forward,Cultivate a large number of"Barefoot doctors".

　　据统计，自从建立了“赤脚医生”队伍，中国5岁以下儿童死亡率从1951年的170.5‰下降到1976年的65.2‰，麻风病患者数量也从新中国成立初的50万人下降到70年代的10万人，极大地改善了广大农民的健康状况。

According to statistics,Since it was established"Barefoot doctors"team,Chinese children under the age of five mortality decreased from 170.5 per 1951 in 1976 to 65.2 ‰,Leprosy patients number from at the beginning of the founding of new China 500000 people to 100000 people in the 70 s,Greatly improved the health of the farmers.

　　“赤脚医生”连同合作医疗制度和农村三级卫生网曾被世界卫生组织誉为“中国的三大法宝”，并作为发展中国家解决卫生经费的范例。

"Barefoot doctors"Along with the cooperative medical care system and rural level 3 WeiShengWang has been hailed as the world health organization"The three magic weapons in China",And as a developing country to solve examples of health funds.

　　随着改革开放后人民公社逐步解散，“赤脚医生”失去了旧有的经济来源，加之国家开始规范乡村医生队伍，提高准入门槛，这一群体开始逐渐淡出人们的视野。

Along with the reform and opening up people's communes after dissolution step by step,"Barefoot doctors"Lost the old economy,Together with countries began to regulate rural doctors,Improve the admittance threshold,The group began to gradually faded out of people's vision.

　　1983年，15岁的史胜利卫校毕业后回到家乡西高庄村，成为了一名乡村医生。“那时候乡村医生没有其他收入来源，许多人都纷纷转行。我当时只想着能回家方便种地，行医并不是主业。”史胜利说，“那时候在村里看病几乎没有收入，帮村民打个针输个液完全是出于帮忙。”

In 1983,,15 years of history of victory after graduation to return to hometown west GaoZhuang village,Became a country doctor."At that time, doctors in rural areas there is no other source of income,Many people have turned.I just want to go home can convenient to sow the land,Practice is not business."S victory said,"Almost have no income at that time in the village to see the doctor,To help the villagers make a needle lose a liquid is of help."

　　如何保障农民的健康权利一直是中国基层医疗的挑战。一些偏远山区的村民要步行数小时才能到达附近的乡卫生院；即便是在平原地区，因为村落分散，看病不便，许多村民也往往是小病拖大。

How to protect the rights of the farmers' health has been China's basic medical challenges.Some remote mountain villagers to walk several hours to get to the nearby village health hospital;Even in the plains,Because villages scattered,To see a doctor for any inconvenience,Many villagers also is often ailment pulls.

　　2002年，中国明确提出各级政府要积极引导农民建立以大病统筹为主的新型农村合作医疗制度。目前全面推广的新型农村合作医疗已经初见成效，减少了农村因病致贫、返贫现象的发生。

In 2002,,China put forward the governments at all levels shall actively guide farmers to serious illness as a whole is given priority to the new rural cooperative medical system.The comprehensive promotion of new rural cooperative medical care has produced results,Reduce the rural become financially/Poverty phenomena.

　　国务院新闻办公室于2012年12月26日发表《中国的医疗卫生事业》白皮书并举行新闻发布会，卫生部党组书记、副部长张茅在发布会上表示，中国未来将采取一系列积极措施，鼓励医务人员的合理流动，并研究制定特岗计划，吸引和鼓励医疗卫生人员到基层服务。规划到2015年中国要培训15万名全科医生，在每个乡镇卫生院都要配1名全科医生，在每个社区卫生服务中心要有2名合格的全科医生。

The news office of the state council on December 26, published in 2012[China's medical and health services]The white paper and held a press conference,Health secretary BuDangZu/Deputy minister of the conference,China will adopt a series of positive measures in the future,Encourage the rational flow of medical staff,And the research plan, gang,Attract and encourage the medical and health personnel to basic services.Planning to China in 2015 to train 150000 gp,In every rural hospitals with a general practitioner,In every community health service center to have two qualified general practitioner.

　　史胜利说，从2007年开始，随着当地新农合的推行，乡村医生的待遇和医疗条件已经有了巨大提升，自己也把行医从副业变成了主业。“县里出钱盖了全新的卫生所，还安装了空调、饮水机、心电图机，我每个月还能拿到380元的补助，条件比过去实在好太多了。”

S victory said,Starting in 2007,With the implementation of the new farmers and local,Rural doctors and the treatment of medical conditions have a great ascension,Myself to practice from the sideline into business."County money built new health center,Have installed the air conditioning/Water dispenser/Electrocardiogram (ecg) machine,I still can get 380 yuan every month,Conditions than in the past really good too much."

　　随着医疗条件的改善，村民的健康也得到了保障。据史胜利介绍，以前因为缺乏相关的设备和知识，许多村民得了糖尿病却不知道。现在村卫生所不仅免费为村民查血糖，而且所有药品都是零利润出售，村民吃药还可以报销40%，基本上能够实现小病不出村。

Along with the improvement of medical conditions,Villagers' health has been guaranteed.According to the history of victory,Before because of the lack of equipment and related knowledge,Many villagers have diabetes but don't know.Now the village health center not only free for villagers to check blood sugar,And sell all drugs is zero profit,The villagers take medicine can also apply for 40%,Basically can achieve ailment is not out of the village.

　　新河县仁里乡卫生院院长王秀浩告诉记者，仁里乡的28个行政村现在都配备上了乡村医生，在一些人口超过1400人的大村还配备了两名乡村医生。

XinHeXian benevolence in township hospital dean WangXiuHao told reporters,Benevolence in the township of 28 administrative villages are now equipped with the rural doctors,In some large population of more than 1400 people in the village is equipped with two doctors in rural areas.

　　虽然条件有了很大提高，但是待遇低、退休后没有保障仍然是困扰中国乡村医生的一个难题。张茅在发布会上表示，国家已经开始着手研究解决这些问题，在基层创造使人才能够留得住、发挥好作用的机制。“医改能不能取得成效，最后还要看人才政策能不能落实好”。(记者 张硕)

Although conditions have greatly improved,But the low salary/After retirement is no guarantee still is a problem of China's rural doctors.Xiangyang said in a conference,Countries have set out to study and solve these problems,At the grass-roots level to create enables people to leave/Play a good role in the mechanism."The reform can achieve results,Can finally depends on talents policy implement".(The reporter ZhangShuo)