随着人口迅猛增长，依靠传统的食物生产方式，人类将无法养活自己。科学家们正在努力开发新方法新品种，以满足未来生存需要。比如，试管汉堡，有谁想尝一尝？

With the rapid growth of population,Rely on traditional food production mode,Humans will not be able to support himself.Scientists are working hard to develop new varieties of new method,In order to meet the needs of the future survival.Such as,Tube Hamburg,Who want to have a taste?

　　

“概念”成真不遥远 "concept"Come true not far away

　　荷兰艾恩德霍芬理工大学近日推出一桌“未来大餐”：一块试管牛排上，用牛肉纤维“编织”出英文单词“meat”(肉)；餐前点心用“水果肉”制作而成；红绿条纹的寿司来自转基因“蔬菜鱼”；通过微波脉冲可随意调制葡萄美酒，一杯意大利蒙特诺干红，或一杯西班牙西拉佳酿；还有专供小孩子的甜炸蟋蟀、编程可乐和 “神奇肉丸”———原料是干细胞生成的人造肉，富含维生素，嚼起来脆脆的。

The Dutch YiEnDe since university of science and technology recently launched a table"A future":A test tube steak,With beef fiber"woven"The English word"meat"(meat);Before eat snacks with"Fruit meat"Produced by;Red green stripe sushi from genetically modified (gm)"Vegetables fish";Through the microwave pulse can be random modulation grape wine,A cup of Italian monte's red,Or a cup of Spanish Silas vintage wine;And for children's sweet Fried cricket/Programming cola and "Magic meatballs"- raw material is stem cells generated artificial meat,Are rich in vitamin,Taste crisp crisp.

　　不过，这些食品还不能入口，它们只是艾恩德霍芬理工大学推出的“概念食品”。其中，“神奇肉丸”用橡皮泥捏制而成，牛肉用粉红色毛线编织而就。但这些“概念”并不荒诞。这所大学的助理教授克尔廷·凡·门斯沃尔特说，它们“几乎接近现实”。

but,The food can't entry,They are YiEnDe since launch of the university of science and technology"Concept of food".the,"Magic meatballs"Using plasticine knead and become,Beef with pink wool knitting and.But these"concept"Is not absurd.This university assistant professor Kerr's van door, walter said,they"Almost close to the reality".

　　凡·门斯沃尔特是网站“未来自然”的幕后策划，该网站深受“技术狂人”热捧，汇集了一批工业设计毕业生、生物技术工程师、市场营销专家和哲学家，试图向人们呈现未来食品的样品。从技术层面而言，这个梦想距离现实只有一步之遥。

Van door, walter is web site"The future of natural"behind,The web site by"Technology fury"Heat holding,Collected a batch of industrial design graduates/Biological technology engineer/Marketing experts and philosopher,People tried to present the future of food samples.Technically,This dream only one step away from reality.

　　譬如，人造牛排技术还有待继续研究，但披萨饼上的馅料距离实现“全人造”已不远。试管牛肉研究领域的著名学者马克·波斯特博士表示，世界上第一个人造汉堡即将问世，它由100亿个实验室里培育出的细胞合成。

Such as,Artificial steak technology remains to be continue to study,But pizza on the stuffing distance realization"All artificial"Has not.Test tube beef in the research field of the famous scholar mark post, says Dr,The world's first artificial hamburger will come out soon,It consists of 10 billion laboratory developed cell synthesis.

　　

模拟“天然”非标准 simulation"natural"non-standard

　　波斯特博士曾制作过心脏瓣膜，眼下，他和荷兰其他科学家正致力于解决一个难题：如何让“肉”从胶状碎末变成人们能够接受的形态，即传统的肌肉形态。他们考虑使用电击法。

Post doctor had made a heart valve,the,He and the Netherlands other scientists are trying to solve a problem:How to let"meat"From colloidal pulverized into people to accept the form,That is the traditional muscle form.They consider using DianJiFa.

　　开发未来食物的关键是什么？眼下科学家们的实践似乎想证明：关键不在于科学家们能做出什么样的食物，而在于我们能接受什么样的食物。更有一些科学家认为，试图“拷贝”人类所熟悉的肉是一种平庸和徒劳行为，证明人类对食物的无知。

Development is the key to the future food???????The scientists' practice seems to want to prove:The key is not the scientists can make what kind of food,But that we can accept what kind of food.Some scientists think that more,Trying to"copy"Humans are familiar with meat is a kind of mediocrity and a behavior,To prove the human food ignorance.

　　“认为‘天然就是好的’，这种想法过于简单，它停留在人们臆想中的过去，停留在食物仍是‘真实存在’的时代。”联合国顾问、曾负责国际食物创新研究项目的荷兰学者路易丝·弗雷斯克说。

"think‘Natural is a good’,The idea is too simple,It stay on the people of the past),Stay in food is still‘real’times."The United Nations consultant/I was responsible for the international food innovation research project Dutch scholar Louise Frey Scott said.

　　凡·门斯沃尔特也认为，复制已知食物是一种“延宕”行为。他说：“这不是创新。‘天然’是最大的营销诡计，是迄今为止最成功的欺骗。”

Van door, walter also think,Copy the known food is a kind of"delay"behavior.He said:"This is not innovation.‘natural’Is the biggest marketing tricks,Is by far the most successful cheat."

　　

公众抗拒是阻碍 The public to resist

　　高新技术食品研发的最大阻碍，也许并不在于技术，而是消费者的“拒绝”心理。由于消费者对“人工食品”高度警惕，食品生产商对转基因食品研究极为谨慎，即便涉足，也尽量保持低调，而这些企业的资金投入正是相关研究得以推进的关键。

High and new technology the biggest obstacle of food research and development,Perhaps does not lie in technology,But consumers"Refused to"psychological.Due to the consumer to"Artificial food"alert,Food producers to genetically modified food is very careful study,Even in,Also try to keep a low profile,And the enterprise's capital investment is the key to promote related research.

　　较之美国，欧洲国家对转基因食品开发更为谨慎。荷兰人比其他欧洲国家更爱吃猪肉，但他们的食品公司并没有公开资助艾恩德霍芬理工大学的项目，或其他任何有关人造肉的研究项目。凡·门斯沃尔特的“未来食品”计划，经费来自政府。

Compared with the United States,European countries to the development of genetically modified food are more cautious.The Dutch than other European countries more love to eat pork,But their food companies and no public funding YiEnDe since university of science and technology project,Or any other relevant artificial meat research projects.Van door, walter"The future food"plan,Funds from the government.

　　对于食品行业的“神经紧张”，凡·门斯沃尔特颇为不屑。他说，这个行业一看到类似“药剂寿司”的字眼，就赶紧声明：“千万别把我们的名字和那个词放在一起。”有一次，在一个食品与纳米技术科学研讨会上，欧洲最大食品公司的执行官恳请凡·门斯沃尔特，一定不要向外界宣布他出席了这次会议。

For the food industry"nervous",Van door, walter rather disdain.He said,The industry saw similar"Agent sushi"word,Quickly statement:"Don't put our name and the word together."once,In a food and nano science and technology conference,Europe's biggest food company executives will van door, walter,Must not to the outside world announced that he attended the meeting.

　　公众对转基因食品的畏惧心理，起源于美国生物技术巨头孟山都的失败经验。弗雷斯克说，转基因生物研究始于杀虫剂，这是一个“历史性错误”：由于孟山都在美国和印度推广转基因杀虫剂不慎，导致公众对转基因产品闻之色变，继而对生物技术丧失信任，不仅令富人无法享用食物新品种，也影响到穷人的温饱问题。例如，数亿非洲人以木薯为主食，但因为转基因技术研究的急刹车，木薯易招虫病的问题难以解决。再如，转基因稻米可使产量提高40%。

The public fear psychology of genetically modified food,Originated in the U.S. biotech giant biotechnology failure experience.Scott said Fred,Genetically modified organisms research begins with pesticides,This is a"Historic error":Because of biotechnology in the United States and India gm carelessly pesticides,Lead the public to genetically modified products it is the colour change,Then on biological technology loss of trust,Not only to the rich man can't enjoy the food varieties,Also affects the poor problem of food and clothing.Such as,Hundreds of millions of africans to cassava as staple food,But because the transgenic technology research's brakes,Cassava easy recruit worm disease problem difficult to solve.Be like again,Genetically modified rice can make the production increased by 40%.

　　弗雷斯克承认，转基因技术的确存在风险，但较之从前，科学家已经能够更好地加以控制。

Frey Scott admits,Transgenic technology really do exist risk,But compared to the former,Scientists have been able to control them better.

　　荷兰科学家仍竭力避免使用“转基因”这一字眼，但欧洲很多科学家认为，转基因生物技术开发是一股不可阻挡的潮流，欧洲必须跟上步伐，否则将落后于世界。

The Dutch scientists are still trying to avoid to use"transgenic"This word,But Europe many scientists think,Genetically modified organisms technology development is an unstoppable trend,Europe must keep up with the pace,Otherwise will lag behind in the world.

　　别无选择？ Have no choice but?

　　无论目前公众出于何种心理对“人工食品”敬而远之，但科学家们警告说，各种因素将导致传统食物供应方式无以为继，坚持“全天然食物”很可能挨饿。

No matter what kind of psychology to the public from now"Artificial food"At a respectful distance,But scientists are warning,Various factors will lead to traditional food supply way to die,Adhere to the"All-natural food"Very likely to suffer from hunger.

　　瓦赫宁恩大学人文哲学教授科尔·凡·德尔·韦勒相信，道德因素最终将促使公众接受新技术食品，至少能接受人造肉。

Tile HeNingEn humanistic philosophy professor cole van del Weller believe,Moral factors will eventually make the public accept the new technology of food,At least can accept artificial meat.

　　用韦勒的话说：“人们将看到‘人工培养肉’的道德优势。从一头猪身上提取干细胞，而不是在屠宰场宰杀成千上万头猪，这种理念已经为越来越多消费者所接受。”

Use Weller words:"People will see‘Artificial cultivation of meat’Moral advantage.From a pig body stem cell,Not in the slaughterhouse killed tens of thousands of pigs,This concept has been more and more accepted by the consumers."

　　“环保”是另一个推动因素。韦勒说，在沙漠地区，人们利用太阳能“生物反应堆”生成肉类，能大幅降低能源消耗。“它所需土地和用水量是传统养殖法的1%和2%，温室气体释放量也能减少90%。”

"Environmental protection"Is another push factor.Weller said,In the desert areas,People use solar energy"Biological reactor"Generation meat,Can greatly reduce the energy consumption."It required land and water consumption is the traditional breeding method of 1% and 2%,Greenhouse gas release quantity can also reduce 90%."

　　气候变化、人口增长以及仰仗矿石燃料的运输与化肥的终结，将在未来25年里推动食物供应发生巨变。

Climate change/Population growth and rely on fossil fuels transportation and the end of chemical fertilizer,In the coming 25 years to promote food supply upheaval.

　　世界上最重要的三大粮食作物稻米、小麦和玉米，大多生长在气温最可能上升的国度，这一前景令人担忧。危机将从玉米开始，气温超过30摄氏度，它将无法生长。

The world's most important three major grain crops (rice/Wheat and corn,Most of the growth in the most likely to increase the temperature of the country,The future is worrying.The crisis will start from corn,The temperature more than 30 degrees Celsius,It will not grow.

　　专家称，食品价格再也不会像2000年时那么便宜，仅人口增长一项，就足以拉高未来食品价格。美国哈佛大学教授大卫·布鲁姆的最新研究显示，到2050年，全球人口将增至90亿。联合国粮食及农业组织预计，届时我们必须多生产40%食物方能不挨饿，而传统食物生产方式根本无力解决这一难题。

Experts say,Food prices will never like 2000 so cheap,Only a population growth,The future is enough to pull up the price of food.Harvard University professor David bloom of the latest research shows,By 2050,The global population will increase to 9 billion.The United Nations food and agriculture organization is expected,Then we must production 40% food can not go hungry,While the traditional food production mode fundamental inability to resolve this problem.

　　伦敦城市大学粮食政策教授蒂姆·朗提醒英国政府，仰仗石油的传统食物文化已经结束，寻求生物多样化的粮食政策势在必行。

London metropolitan university food policy professor Tim lang reminded the British government,Rely on oil of traditional food culture has ended,For biological diversity of food policy is imperative.

　　未来，当一些闻所未闻的“非天然”食品摆在面前时，也许我们已别无选择。（唐昀）

The future,When some unheard of"unnatural"When food was set before,Maybe we already have no choice.(TangYun)