春节期间，团圆相聚的宴席必不可少，“食物相克”的说法，再次引起人们关注。在一些门户网站上，涉及“食物相克”内容的文章、视频时常可见；在当当网、卓越网等购物网站上，有关食物相克的书籍总共有百余种，均打着营养师的旗号。

During the Spring Festival,Good things come to an end essential reunion together,"Food phase grams"that,Concern about again.In some portal website,involves"Food phase grams"Content articles/Video often visible;In dangdang/Joyo and shopping website,The food phase grams of a total of more than kinds of books,All under the flag of nutritionists.

　　“食物相克”现象在生活中普遍存在吗？有没有科学依据？不同食物搭配“不当”是否会影响营养吸收甚至导致中毒、死亡？人民日报“求证”栏目记者为此采访多位营养学、医学专家。

"Food phase grams"The phenomenon is widespread in the life?Have a scientific basis?Different food collocation"improper"Would affect the nutrient absorption and even lead to poisoning/death?People's Daily"verification"This column reporter interview more nutrition/Medical experts.

　　“食物相克”会致死吗？ "Food phase grams"Be deadly??

　　【回应】 没有临床报告，早在1935年就被人群试验否定 [response] No clinical report,As early as in 1935 was the crowd test negative

　　田螺和蚕豆同食会肠绞痛、兔肉和芹菜同食会脱水……“食物相克”的说法，引发一部分人对饮食的担忧。这种说法从何而来？

Winkles and beans with food gripes/Rabbit meat and celery with food dehydration..."Food phase grams"that,Cause some people to diet worries.This statement come from?

　　中国营养家学会名誉会长葛可佑说，“食物相克”的传说由来已久，但仅是传说，未见科学证据。

The Chinese nutrition society's reputation will ChangGe can save said,"Food phase grams"Legend has a long history,But is only a legend,Did not see scientific evidence.

　　中国中医科学院西苑医院主任医师徐凤芹介绍，“食物相克”论在中国民间流传颇广，早在1935年，南京就有民间传说香蕉和芋头混吃导致食物相克而中毒。这一年，营养学界泰斗、南京大学教授郑集决定通过试验来验证“食物相克”导致疾病的说法。他搜集了民间传说中的184对相克食物，从中选择人们日常生活中同食机会较多的香蕉与芋头，花生与黄瓜，葱与蜜，烘青豆与饴糖，鳖与马齿苋，蟹与杮，蟹与石榴，蟹与五加皮酒，蟹与荆芥，鲫鱼与荆芥，鲫鱼与甘草，牛肉与粟，及皮蛋与糖等14组食物，让动物和人试吃，在食后的24小时内，所有被试动物及人的表情、行为、体温、粪便颜色与次数等都正常，“食物相克”导致中毒的论调被推翻。2008年兰州大学与哈尔滨医科大学也做了类似试验，受试者并无明显不良反应。

China's traditional Chinese medicine academy of sciences xiyuan hospital chief physician XuFengQin is introduced,"Food phase grams"Theory in Chinese folk spread quite wide,As early as in 1935,Nanjing have folklore bananas and taro mixed eat cause food poisoning phase grams.This year,Nutrition academic masters/Nanjing university professor zheng set decision through the test to verify"Food phase grams"That lead to disease.He collected 184 of folklore to phase grams of food,To choose from People's Daily life with food opportunity more bananas and taro,Peanuts and cucumber,Onion and honey,Baked beans and caramel,Turtle and purslane,Crab and 杮,Crab and pomegranate,Crab and wu chia pee wine,Crab and schizonepeta,Crucian carp and schizonepeta,Crucian carp and liquorice,Beef and millet,And preserved egg and sugar, 14 group of food,Let animals and people to eat,In the food within 24 hours of,All test animals and people's expression/behavior/temperature/Stool color and frequency etc is normal,"Food phase grams"The argument of lead poisoning was overthrown.In 2008, lanzhou university and Harbin medical university also made similar test,Subjects and no obvious adverse reaction.

　　北京中医药大学养生康复系主任林殷也指出，“食物相克”的说法毫无意义，既没有临床报告，也已被人群试验所否定。

Beijing university of Chinese medicine health rehabilitation department head Lin Yin also pointed out,"Food phase grams"That make no sense,Neither clinical report,Has been the crowd are negated by test.

　　“在营养学上，没有食物和食物的禁忌，只有食物和疾病之间的禁忌。”北京朝阳医院营养科营养师宋新认为，患有某种疾病，对某些食物要忌口，比如说患者血脂高，就不要吃高脂肪的食物。

"In the nutrition,No food and food taboos,Only between food and disease of taboo."Beijing chaoyang hospital nutrition division dieticians song new thought,Had some kind of disease,For some food to avoid certain food,For patients with high blood fat,Don't eat high fat food.

　　“传说‘羊肉忌西瓜，鸡肉忌菊花，同食则中毒。’但这些食物在餐桌上常常同吃，也没见谁中毒啊！”中国农业大学营养与食品安全系副教授范志红说。她认为，所谓“相克”的说法可分为两类：一类与“降低营养吸收”或“造成某种营养素破坏”有关；另一类与中毒、生病等有关。前者几乎没有危害性，而后者因食用某些食物出现危害是有前提的。以虾和维生素C同食为例，传闻说会中毒，理由是虾含有浓度很高的“五价砷化合物”，维生素C会把它转化成剧毒的三价砷即砒霜，进而流传起海鲜不能与含维生素C的食物同食的说法。而实际上，100—200毫克的砒霜才有致命危险，我国一般鱼类砷含量标准是0.1毫克/公斤，也就是说，合格的水产即便吃10公斤，再加上足够多的维生素C，也不会中毒。

"legend‘Mutton avoid watermelon,Chicken avoid chrysanthemum,With food poisoning is.’But the food on the table to eat often,Also didn't see who poisoning ah!"China agricultural university nutrition and food safety system, an associate professor at FanZhiGong said.She thinks,The so-called"Phase grams"That can be divided into two classes:With a"Reduce nutrient absorption"or"Cause some nutrients failure"relevant;Another and poisoning/Illness and other relevant.The former almost no harm,While the latter for eating certain foods appear hazard is the premise.With shrimp and vitamin C with food as an example,Rumors will poisoning,Reason is shrimp contain high concentrations of"Five price arsenic compounds",Vitamin C can convert it into virulent trivalent arsenic namely arsenic,And then spread the seafood can't and contain vitamin C food with food said.But in fact,100-200 mg of arsenic to be lethal,China's general fish arsenic content standard is 0.1 mg/kg,that,Qualified aquatic even eat 10 kilograms,Add enough vitamin C,Won't poisoning.

　　有些食物同吃为何引发不适？ Some food to eat why cause discomfort?

　　【回应】 与食物不卫生、烹饪方法不当、饮食无节制及个人体质有关 [response] And food is not health/Cooking in a wrong way/Diet incontinence and personal predisposition

　　人们吃东西后有时会胃肠不适、皮肤瘙痒甚至食物中毒。这是“食物相克”引起的吗？

People eat things sometimes gastrointestinal discomfort/Itchy skin even food poisoning.This is"Food phase grams"Cause??

　　“这种症状与食物不卫生、含寄生虫、烹饪方法不当以及个人体质等有关。”上海东方医院中医科主任张春燕表示，在多年的行医经历中，她从没碰到因“食物相克”导致死亡的案例。对于网传相克食物致病的原因，张春燕归纳为两类：一是源于现代科学中的化学理论。如海虾与维C；二是食物寒热温凉搭配。如羊肉配大蒜，两者同属大热食物，同食会上火。

"This kind of symptom and the food is not health/With parasites/Improper cooking methods and individual constitution and so on."Shanghai eastern hospital of traditional Chinese medicine department ZhangChunYan said,After years of practice medicine experience,She had never met for"Food phase grams"The causes of death cases.For the phase grams of food and the cause of the disease,ZhangChunYan reduced to two kinds:One is from the chemical theory of modern science.If HaiHa and vitamin C;The second is food cold temperature cool collocation.Such as mutton with garlic,Both belong to the big hot food,With food at the fire.

　　林殷将163种统计到的所谓的相克食物进行归类分析，发现这些食品有5个特点：一是外来物种比较多。二是肉食类尤其是水产品类占比较高，这类食品富含高蛋白，易腐败和感染寄生虫，也容易引起人体过敏。三是生食类食品。四是发酵食品如腌菜等。五是食用菌类，有可能因误食而引起食物中毒等。上述食品如果食用不当，也会出问题，与合食无关。

Lin Yin 163 kind of statistics to the so-called phase grams of food is used to classify the analysis,Find the food has five characteristics:One is the alien species more.The second is meat class especially of aquatic products is higher,This kind of food is rich in protein,Easy to corruption and infected with the parasite,Also easy to cause human body allergy.The third is eat raw foods.The fourth is fermented food such as vegetables, etc.5 it is edible fungus class,Is possible because eating and cause food poisoning.The above food if not edible,Also will have a problem,Has nothing to do with $food.

　　“食物中毒和‘食物相克’不是一个概念。”宋新说，食物中毒，是指某种食物中含有害物质，如不洁食物、毒蜂蜜中毒、河豚鱼中毒。而所谓的相克是指食物相互作用，对人体产生不良作用。宋新表示，自己在医院工作10多年，没有遇到因“食物相克”来治疗的病人。

"Food poisoning and‘Food phase grams’Is not a concept."Song opinions,Food poisoning,Refers to some kind of food contains harmful substances,Such as unclean food/Poison honey poisoning/Puffer fish poisoning.The so-called phase grams refers to food interaction,To human body to produce adverse effect.Song new said,His work in a hospital ten years,Not met for"Food phase grams"To treat patients.

　　“对于某种食物来说，只有不适宜的体质，没有相克的食物。”张春燕认为，有些人肠胃功能弱，吃了蟹再吃柿子会腹泻，但不是所有人都会如此。对于同食两种食物可能引起的不良反应，传闻存在误导和夸大。

"For some food for,Not only for the constitution,No phase grams of food."ZhangChunYan think,Some people intestines and stomach function weak,Eat the crab and then eat persimmon will diarrhea,But not everyone will be so.With food for two kinds of food may cause adverse reactions,Rumours implications are misleading and inflated.

　　对于大家比较了解的吃海鲜喝啤酒会诱发痛风的说法，上海市营养学会理事、复旦大学附属中山医院营养科主任高键认为，海鲜和啤酒都属于高嘌呤食物，单独吃、与其他食物一起吃，都可能引起敏感人群痛风发作，与相克无关。

For you more in-depth understanding of seafood drink beer can cause gout said,Shanghai nutrition association/Fudan university affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen nutrition section head high key think,Seafood and beer belong to high purine food,Eat alone/And other food to eat together,Are likely to cause sensitive crowd gout attack,Has nothing to do with phase grams.

　　张春燕表示，本着饮食清淡、易消化、食量适度的原则，再结合自己的体质与食物的寒、热、温、凉属性，可以确保食用安全。

ZhangChunYan said,In line with the diet light/Easy to digest/Eat moderate principle,Combine their physique and food cold/heat/temperature/Cool attribute,To ensure food safety.

　　“食物相克”论为何盛行不衰？ "Food phase grams"Why in the theory of time?

　　【回应】 很多人不考虑体质等前提，对中医“食物相反”理解失当，将“相克”绝对化 [response] Many people do not consider constitutions premise,To the traditional Chinese medicine"Food instead"Improper understanding,will"Phase grams"absolutization

　　徐凤芹说，食物之间搭配不当，中医古籍称为“食物相反”。食物相反，反的是物性或食性，与“食物相克”这种夸张的概念完全不是一回事。根据中医概念，物性叠加出现副作用的“相反”因人而异，也是有前提的。比如，螃蟹是寒性的，柿子也是寒性的，两个寒性的东西放在一起，如正好赶上虚寒体质的人，就可能导致腹泻。

XuFengQin said,Improper collocation between food,Ancient traditional Chinese medicine called"Food instead".Food instead,Reverse is property or feeding habits,and"Food phase grams"The exaggerated concept completely is not the same thing.According to the concept of traditional Chinese medicine,Physical properties of superposition causing side effects"instead"Vary from person to person,Is the premise.Such as,The crab is cold sex,Persimmon is cold sex,Two cold sex thing together,If just catch up with virtual cold physical person,May cause diarrhea.

　　对于“食物相克”说盛行不衰的原因，徐凤芹认为，这是由于许多人对传统中医理论缺乏深刻理解，仅根据自身的日常生活经验，将饮食、生活中出现的不适症状归为“食物相克”。

for"Food phase grams"Said in the cause of the time,XuFengQin think,This is because many people to the traditional Chinese medicine theory is the lack of deep understanding,Only according to their own experience of everyday life,Will diet/In the life the symptoms appear to be"Food phase grams".

　　林殷指出，“食物相克”说一直盛行不衰，说明这些年我们的健康教育出了问题。这提醒我们要普及科学的健康知识，让老百姓懂得食物的常识特性。

Lin Yin points out that,"Food phase grams"Said has been popular stage,Over the years that our health education out of the question.This reminded us to popularizing science and health knowledge,Let people know food sense characteristic.

　　范志红说，中医其实是说，如果吃不合体质的食物，或者营养搭配不合理，或者食用量不合适，就是损害健康的吃法。每个人体质不同，饮食上的顾忌也有很大差异。绝对、统一的禁忌说法很不科学，会影响膳食多样化，对健康不利。

FanZhiGong said,The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is actually said,If you eat out health food,Or nutrition is not reasonable,Consumption or inappropriate,Is damages healthy how to eat.Each different constitution,The diet of apprehension also have very big difference.absolute/Unified taboo is very not science,Will affect dietary diversity,Adverse to health.

　　高键说，《中国居民膳食指南》提倡人们应该“食物多样化”，人们在选择食物时不应顾忌什么相克，每天摄入多种类的食物，才能更容易达到膳食平衡，营养全面。

High key said,[Chinese residents dietary guidelines]Advocate people should"Food diversification",People choose food should not scruple what phase grams,Every day many kinds of food intake,Can more easily achieve dietary balance,Nutrition comprehensive.

　　本期栏目统筹：史鹏飞

This section as a whole:ShiPengFei