试管婴儿绝非想做就能做 Test-tube baby is not want to do can do

　　

不孕不育治疗乱象堪忧，国家卫生行业标准有望近期出台 Infertility treatment is a mess,National health industry standard is expected to be introduced in the near future

　　近日卫生部和总后勤部卫生部联合召开的有关会议上指出，目前辅助生殖技术服务市场出现非法销售促排卵药物、非法买卖卵子等混乱现象。不孕不育症如何规范治疗再度引发公众关注。目前不孕不育患者治疗的现状如何？不孕不育造成的主要原因是什么？试管婴儿是否可以大量推广使用……针对这些公众关注的焦点问题，记者近日采访了省内有关专家。

Recently the ministry of health and the general logistics department of the ministry of health held a joint meeting of the relevant points out,At present assisted reproductive technology service market appear illegal sales promoting ovulation drugs/The illegal trade in eggs and chaos phenomenon.How to regulate infertility treatment reignite the public attention.At present the status quo of medical treatment of patients with infertility?Cause infertility is the main reason for that?Test-tube baby if you can promote the use of...Aiming at these problems the focus of public concern,Reporter recently interviewed province experts.

　　

10对夫妇至少有1对不孕 Ten couples at least 1 to infertility

　　“据有关数据显示，目前我国有育龄人群约2.3亿人，其中有近1000万不孕不育症患者，而且每年以数十万的速度递增。”山东大学附属生殖医院医务部主任唐蓉说，也就是说，我国每10对育龄夫妇中就有1对面临生育问题。但是据不完全统计，眼下不孕症患者的就诊率仍然很低，仅约为14%。

"According to relevant data show,At present our country of a crowd of about 230 million people,There are nearly 10 million infertility patients,And every year by hundreds of thousands of speed increasing."Shandong university affiliated hospital medical department director of the reproductive TangRong said,that,Our country every ten to couples of child-bearing age 1 in fertility problems to face.But according to not complete count,The JiuZhenLv infertility patients is still very low,Only about 14%.

　　唐蓉说，不孕不育患者增多有多方面原因，主要和生育年龄推迟和不洁性行为、不恰当的人工流产或药物流产等增多有关，“值得强调的一点是现在年龄大、继发性不孕逐年增多，尤其是白领一族，年轻时忙着打拼事业，避孕或怀孕后人工流产，30岁以后甚至更晚才想到要孩子，可这时错过了最佳生育年龄，而且工作压力及迫切要孩子的心理压力也大，就会导致生育能力降低。”

TangRong said,Sterility patients is on the rise for many reasons,The main and reproductive age delay and dirty sex/Inappropriate abortion or drug abortion and the increased,"Worth stressed the point that older now/Secondary infertility increased year by year,Especially white-collar gens,Young when busy fight career,Contraceptive or after pregnancy induced abortion,Thirty years later, or even later want to children,But then missed the best reproductive age,And the work pressure and eager for the child's mental pressure is big also,Will lead to lower fertility."

　　省中医生殖中心主任连方也表示，目前生育年龄推迟是不孕不育的重要原因，她说，“女性最佳的生育年龄在25岁到30岁之间，最迟可推迟到35岁前，但许多患者都超过了35岁。”

Save the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, director of the center for reproductive even party also said,At present reproductive age delay is an important reason for sterility,She said,"The best female reproductive age from 25 to 30 years old between,The late may be deferred to 35 years ago,But many patients are more than 35 years old."

　　连方说，35岁后，卵巢功能开始衰退，卵子老化，子宫内膜异位症、盆腔炎等疾病发生几率增加，这些都可能导致不孕不育。“太晚生育还会增加婴儿畸形率，也会增加妊娠母亲的风险。”

Even party said,After 35,Ovarian function began to decline,Eggs aging,Endometriosis/Pelvic inflammatory disease, such as increased risk,All of these may lead to infertility."Too late birth will also increase the baby deformity rate,Will also increase the risk of pregnancy mother."

　　此外，环境污染、酗酒吸烟等也严重影响了男性精子的质量。“二三十年前，男性的精子量一般是6000万/毫升才合格，现在2000万/毫升就算是‘好汉’了。”已经从事生殖专业30年左右的连方感叹说，人类的繁衍能力有所下降。

In addition,Environmental pollution/Drinking smoking also seriously affected the male sperm quality."Twenty or thirty years ago,The male sperm quantity is generally 60 million/ml to qualified,Now 20 million/ml even‘hero’the."Has been engaged in professional reproductive 30 years or so even party exclamation said,Human reproductive capacity declined.

　　

不规范治疗将小病治成大病 Is not standard treatment will ailment to a serious illness

　　“具体到每对夫妇不孕不育的原因可能千差万别。”山东省中医药大学第二附属医院生殖科主任孙伟介绍说，造成不孕不育的原因主要有几大类。一是卵子、精子生成类，二是输卵管、输精管障碍类，三是遗传造成的先天发育不足以及自身免疫因素等。

"Specific to each couple the cause of infertility may differ in thousands ways."Shandong university of Chinese medicine the second affiliated hospital of fertility SunWei said,Cause the cause of infertility mainly several categories.One is the egg/Sperm production and class,The second is tubal/Vas deferens obstruction,The third is hereditary congenital developmental deficiencies and autoimmune factors.

　　而具体到每项原因可能又有许多种致病因素。“比方女性的排卵障碍，很多因素都可以引起。”孙伟说，有些致使排卵障碍的原因在现在的科技条件下还查不清楚，“就像多囊卵巢，可能既有遗传因素，又有环境因素。”

And specific to each reason may have many kinds of pathogenic factors."For example, women's ovulation obstacle,Many factors can cause."SunWei said,Some of the reasons the ovulation obstacle in the present science and technology conditions also look not clear,"As polycystic ovary,Can be both a genetic factors,And environmental factors."

　　尽管如此，她表示患者也不用担心。“其实有些病因查清楚了对治疗也起不到多大作用。”她继续以多囊卵巢为例说，经过染色体检查，可能会发现是哪段基因的问题，但这对治疗没有直接的帮助。“这种患者通过现在的干预手段完全可以要个孩子。”

Even so,She says the patient also don't have to worry about."In fact some cause check the treatment also play less than much effect."She continue to polycystic ovary for example said,After chromosome check,May find what segments of genetic problems,But this not directly help to treatment."The patients through the present intervention can completely to a child."

　　“为了进一步规范我国不孕不育的诊断与治疗，我们山东大学附属生殖医院作为牵头单位，联系全国范围内的专家进行讨论、会审制定的《不孕(育)症诊断》国家卫生行业标准，已于2012年12月顺利通过了标准审查委员会的审批，有望近期发布推广应用。”唐蓉说，如何规范检查、诊断不孕不育，制定规范的治疗路径，是让患者少走弯路的关键。

"In China in order to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of infertility,We are shandong university affiliated hospital as a reproductive lead unit,Contact nationwide experts are discussed/Formulated by the joint hearing[infertility(brood)Disease diagnosis]National health industry standard,Already in December 2012 passed the standard review board approval,Is expected to be released in the near future application."TangRong said,How to regulate check/Diagnosis sterility,Formulate standard treatment path,Let the patient is the key to less detours.

　　有不少不孕不育夫妇本来问题不大，但是由于进行了不规范的治疗会导致比较严重的后果。“比如有的女性卵巢问题，到有些医院后不经过仔细检查就上了手术台，在卵巢上打孔治疗，其实这种治疗很容易引起并发症，导致输卵管粘连等问题。”孙伟说，其实对于排卵障碍造成的不孕问题，中西医结合是个不错的办法，中药调理，西药促排。

There are many sterility couple was not a problem,But because of the treatment can lead to serious consequences."For example, some women ovarian problem,To some hospital after careful inspection on the operating table,In the treatment of ovarian drilling,Actually this kind of treatment is easy to cause complications,Lead to problems such as tubal adhesion."SunWei said,In fact the obstacles for ovulation infertility problems,Combine traditional Chinese and western medicine is a good idea,Chinese traditional medicine recuperates the,Western medicine to promote row.

　　

目前看试管婴儿是健康的 Now see test-tube baby is healthy

　　虽然试管婴儿可以圆不少夫妇要孩子的梦，但也有不少不孕不育夫妇担心：“试管婴儿是不是自己的孩子？”“试管婴儿会不会不健康啊？”

Although the test-tube baby can round a lot of couples to the child's dream,But there are also a lot of infertility couples worry:"Test-tube baby is their children?""Test-tube baby would not health ah?"

　　对此，唐蓉表示，在接诊中确实有许多患者存在这样的担心。她解释说，有资质进行辅助生殖技术的机构在做试管婴儿时，均严格执行卫生部的相关规范和规定，卫生行政部门也会定期对这些机构进行监督检查(校验)，以保证实施该技术的安全性。

this,TangRong said,It is true in many patients exist such worry.She explained that,Have aptitude for assisted reproductive technology institutions in the test-tube baby when do,Strictly implement the ministry of health standards and regulations,The public health administrative department will also to these institutions regularly conduct supervision and inspection(check),To ensure the safety of the implementation of the technology.

　　对于试管婴儿是否健康，唐蓉说，诺贝尔奖颁给试管婴儿之父，这就说明了这项技术已经非常成熟，也是对试管婴儿的充分肯定。但这些技术应用的时间毕竟较短，是不是对婴儿一点影响都没有，她则表示还需要时间和相关研究来进一步检验。

For test-tube baby healthy,TangRong said,The Nobel Prize awarded to the father of test-tube baby,This suggests that the technology has been very mature,Also is to the test-tube baby full affirmation.But the technology application of short time after all,A little baby is to influence all have no,She is said still need time and related research to further inspection.

　　唐蓉说，要做试管需要具备严格的临床症状，不是患者要求就会给他们做的。据介绍，卫生部人类辅助生殖技术规范规定，试管婴儿主要适用于女方因输卵管因素造成精子与卵子遇合困难；排卵障碍；子宫内膜异位症；男方少、弱精子症；免疫性不育等。

TangRong said,Want to do test tube requires strict clinical symptoms,Not patients require will give them to do.According to introducing,The ministry of health human assisted reproductive technology rules and regulations,Test-tube baby is mainly suitable for the fallopian tube factors for sperm and egg difficult to meet and get along well;Ovulation obstacle;Endometriosis;Less the man/Weak sperm disease;Immunity sterility, etc.

　　“患者二十七八岁时，如果不孕不育还可以用药治疗、观察效果，但如果是年龄大了，卵巢功能低下，还是应该尽早采取辅助生殖技术。”齐鲁医院不孕不育诊疗中心主任邓晓惠说，根据诊疗规范，对一些大龄患者，他们会适当放宽辅助生殖技术的指证，“女性35岁后，辅助生殖技术的成功率会下降，40岁以后成功率就比较低了。”

"When twenty? Seven, twenty? Eight patients,If sterility can drug therapy/Observing effect,But if it was from old age,Ovarian function is low,Should take assisted reproductive technology as soon as possible."Qilu hospital diagnosis and treatment DengXiaoHui sterility, director of the center said,According to the diagnosis and treatment standard,For some older patients,They will be properly relaxed prove assisted reproductive technology,"Women after 35,Assisted reproductive technology success rate will decline,Forty years old later success rate is low."

　　对于患者关注的试管婴儿成功率，据唐蓉介绍，由于各个生殖中心的技术成熟度不同，成功率也会上下浮动，他们医院的成功率平均在50%左右，影响成功率的因素很多，其中关键的一点是年龄，年龄越大成功率越低。

For the attention of the test-tube baby success rate,According to TangRong introduced,As a result of each different reproductive center technology maturity,The success rate and the floating at the meeting,They hospital success rate by 50% on average,Many factors influence the success rate,A key one is the age,The older the lower success rate.

　　

为要双胞胎做试管婴儿不可取 To the twins do test-tube baby not desirable

　　在省城多家有资质的生殖辅助中心，记者看到，几乎每天都是人满为患。虽然大部分都是患有不孕不育的夫妻，但也有个别健康夫妻想通过试管婴儿怀个双胞胎。

In the provincial capital several have aptitude reproductive auxiliary center,The reporter sees,Almost every day is packed.Although most of them are couples with infertility,But also have individual health couple thought through the test tube babies conceived a twins.

　　“听说做试管婴儿能生双胞胎，所以想来问问。”在省中医生殖与遗传中心，记者碰到了来自聊城的张先生，“听亲戚朋友说，不少人做试管都怀上了双胞胎。”

"Heard that do test-tube baby can twin,So want to ask."Traditional Chinese medicine in the province reproduction and genetic center,Reporter met from Mr Zhang of liaocheng,"Listen to friends and relatives said,Many people do test tube is was pregnant with twins."

　　对此，邓晓惠表示，她在门诊中也确实碰到过这样的患者，想通过这种方式来生双胞胎。

this,DengXiaoHui said,She in the outpatient service does come across such patients,Think in this way a future life twins.

　　据悉，进行试管婴儿时为了受孕，一般规定35岁以下可放两个胚胎，35岁以上可以放三个胚胎。因此，试管婴儿的双胞胎比率确实要高于自然怀孕。

It is reported,For test-tube baby to conception,General provisions below 35 years old can put two embryos,35 years old can put three embryos.so,Test-tube baby twin ratio really than natural pregnancy.

　　“但是，做试管婴儿并不是想做就能做，它有着严格的适应症。”邓晓惠说，对于那些企图通过这种方式生双胞胎的健康夫妇，是不会给他们做手术的。

"but,Do not want to do test tube babies can do,It has strict indications."DengXiaoHui said,For those who attempt to by this means the birth of twins health couple,Won't give them to do the surgery.

　　其实对于不孕夫妇，专家也不鼓励怀双胞胎。“怀双胞胎其实有很大的风险。”唐蓉说，怀双胞胎容易造成早期流产、畸形儿，且婴儿死亡率、早产率都高。“双胞胎早产率要比单胞胎高10%，早产儿很容易伴随各种发育不全带来的疾病，而且要在温箱里呆很久，花费也很大。此外，生双胞胎也会增加母亲的危险，孕妇易患妊娠高血压、产后出血等。”(记者 李钢 郭静)

Actually to infertility couples,Experts also do not encourage twins conceived."With twins actually has a lot of risk."TangRong said,With easy to cause the twins early abortion/oaf,And infant mortality/Premature birth rate is high."Twin premature birth rate to 10% higher than single baby,Premature easily with various hypoplasia bring diseases,And in the oven for a long time,Cost is very big also.In addition,The birth of twins will also increase the risk of mother,Pregnant women with gestational hypertension easily/Postpartum hemorrhage, etc."(Reporter LiGang GuoJing)