网上销售的食品纳入监测范围，堵上了食品安全监管的一个漏洞。但记者采访多名业内人士、执法人员和专家，其共识认为：食品安全另一大漏洞更需关注，即多部门管理食品安全的链条呈现混乱状，各部门监管职责未实现“无缝衔接”。

Online sales of food into the scope of monitoring,Plug in the supervision of food safety a loophole.But reporters who the personage inside course of study/Law enforcement personnel and experts,The consensus that:Food safety another big loophole more need to be paid attention to,That is much department management of food safety chain present chaos shape,Each department supervision responsibilities unrealized"Seamless connection".

　

　□问题1 - question 1

　　食品安全法被指“规定不详” Food safety is refers to"Regulation is unknown"

　　《食品安全法》并未对“食品生产、食品流通、餐饮服务活动”分别有详细的解释，在具体执行时可能出现推诿情况。

[Food safety]Did not to"Food production/Food circulation/Catering service activities"There were detailed explanation,In the concrete implementation situation may arise when shuffle.

　　针对多部门监管食品安全的问题，一位内部人士直言不讳，“最根本的原因还出在法律的规定上”。这位负责食品监管的人士举了一个例子，《食品安全法》规定，质监、工商和食品药品监督管理部门分别对食品生产、食品流通、餐饮服务活动实施监督管理。但《食品安全法》并未对“食品生产、食品流通、餐饮服务活动”分别有详细的解释，虽然实施条例有一些解释，但仍是语焉不详，这就导致在具体执行时可能出现推诿情况。

According to the problem of food safety supervision department,A insiders call a spade a spade,"The most fundamental reason is that the legal provisions".The people responsible for the monitoring of food for a sample,[Food safety]provisions,Qualitative inspect/Commerce and food and drug supervision and administration departments of food production, respectively/Food circulation/Catering service activities implement supervision and management.but[Food safety]Did not to"Food production/Food circulation/Catering service activities"There were detailed explanation,Although the implementation regulations have some interpretation,But is still not elaborate,This will lead to in the concrete implementation may arise when shuffle situation.

　　该人士表示，一旦出现食品安全事故，很多人都把矛头指向监管部门，但实际上最根本的问题还在于法律的规定上。

The people said,Once appear, food safety accidents,A lot of people are targeted supervision department,But in fact the most fundamental problem is that the provisions of the law on.

　　还有一些基层监管人员表示，由于多部门监管，协调起来相当困难，“多头监管肯定不如一个部门监管”。比如工商人员在市场上发现了问题，找到质监部门协调对厂家进行查处，质监部门则会认为标准是由卫生部门制定的，他们也无法协调。

There are some basic regulators said,Due to many departments supervision,Is very difficult to coordinate,"Bull supervision must be as a department supervision".Commerce in the market such as researchers found the problem,Find the qualitative inspect branch to coordinate the supply is investigated,Qualitative inspect branch will think standard is formulated by the department of health,They also can't coordinate.

　　目前，各个地方都有食品协调办公室，但有人指出，食品办的协调作用有限。

At present,Every place have a food coordination office,But it is noted that,Food co., LTD., do the coordination function.

　　□问题2 - question 2

　　流动摊贩食品监管几成空白 Flow monitoring of food vendors several into blank

　　没有相应的专业知识和专业设备，城管如何监管？

No corresponding professional knowledge and professional equipment,Urban management how to regulate?

　　每到夏季，街旁餐馆老板们纷纷将桌椅搬到室外，满足食客们暑天消夏的需求，但食品安全让人担忧：炭炉上的肉串还没熟就沾上扬尘；一些凉菜上，苍蝇与筷子“齐飞”……

Every arrive the summer,Beside the street restaurant owners have moved to the outdoor desks and chairs,To meet the needs of the diners summer hot summer days,But to worry about food safety:Charcoal stove the meat string are not ripe is spotted with dust;Some cold dish on,Flies with chopsticks"Fly together"...

　　目前正在征集意见的“北京市食品摊贩监督管理办法”提出，区县城管部门主要负责对辖区内食品摊贩的日常监督检查，对辖区内食品安全案件进行查处。目前的监管情况如何呢？

Currently the solicit opinion"Beijing food vendors supervision and management measures"Put forward,Area county urban management department is mainly responsible for the area under its jurisdiction food vendors daily supervision and inspection,In the area under its jurisdiction and food safety case.The current supervision situation how?

　　一些基层城管队员表示，一旦发现有无照商贩兜售食品，他们都是按照无照经营来处理，直接取缔。但对于这些商贩所卖的食品到底是否合格，他们也无法查处。一是法规没有授予这样的权力，其次他们也无专业知识。城管队员在查处无照商贩时，经常会遭到商贩和百姓的质疑，认为食品并没有发现问题，不该取缔。而除了城管部门，并未见其他部门监管无照商贩的食品安全。

Some basic urban management team said,Once found a unlicensed peddlers selling food,They are all according to without according to manage to deal with,Direct ban.But for these vendors have sell food whether qualified,They also can't is investigated.One is the regulations do not award such power,Then they also no professional knowledge.Urban management team and when in unlicensed peddlers,Often people by vendors and questions,Think food and did not find out the problem,Shouldn't ban.And in addition to urban management department,Did not see other departments unlicensed peddlers supervision of food safety.

　　对于即将出台的新政，一些城管队员表示疑虑，没有相应的专业知识和专业设备，城管如何监管？

To be on the introduction of the New Deal,Some urban management team said doubts,No corresponding professional knowledge and professional equipment,Urban management how to regulate?

　　□问题3 - question 3

　　“无缝衔接管理”未实现 "Seamless connection management"unrealized

　　“铁路警察，各管一段”的多头监管链条中出现的“非专业监管举措”、“三不管地带”和“踢皮球事件”成了让业内人士最为头疼的问题。

"Railway police,Each tube a"The bull that appear in the supervision chain"Non-professional regulatory measures"/"Be nobody's business zone"and"Kick a ball event"A let the personage inside course of study is the most headache problem.

　　一位参与卫生部新国标制定的业内人士表示，日趋严重的食品安全问题固然与生产经营者缺失诚信、管理不规范有关，也与现行的监管体制、法规标准等体系不健全、责任不到位、监管不得力等有关，如食品中添加工业原料、违规超量加入添加剂等，竟然能顺利通过层层检查，直到流入市场被媒体曝光后才引起相关部门重视，进行“严厉打击”和“行业整顿”。

A new national standard in the ministry of health for the personage inside course of study says,Day by day the serious food safety problem is lack of honesty and production operators/The management is not standard,And with the current regulatory system/Laws and regulations standard etc system is not sound/Responsibility does not reach the designated position/Regulation is not right and so on,Such as the food additives industrial raw material/Illegal excess adding additives, etc,Actually can smoothly through the layers of inspection,To enter the market by the media after exposure to cause related department to pay attention to,for"Crack down on"and"Industry reorganization".

　　“铁路警察，各管一段”的多头监管链条中出现的“非专业监管举措”、“三不管地带”和“踢皮球事件”成了让业内人士最为头疼的问题。业内人士介绍，按照《食品安全法》，质监、工商、食药三个部门管食品安全，国务院和各省级卫生行政部门负责辖区内食品安全综合协调，但是法定职责之后各地又有所扩充。如北京，教委、公安、工商、卫生等都算食品安全综合协调部门，但各部门厘清职责多停留在纸面上。

"Railway police,Each tube a"The bull that appear in the supervision chain"Non-professional regulatory measures"/"Be nobody's business zone"and"Kick a ball event"A let the personage inside course of study is the most headache problem.The personage inside course of study introduces,According to the[Food safety],Qualitative inspect/commerce/Food and drug three departments tube food safety,The state council and the provincial health administrative departments shall be responsible for food safety comprehensive coordination within its jurisdiction,But after they have all statutory duties expansion.Such as Beijing,Education commission/Public security/commerce/Health and so on all is food safety comprehensive coordination department,But each department to clarify the responsibilities stay on paper.

　　卫生监督部门一线执法人员表示，“农贸市场、超市的食品安全监管在我们看来是最简单的，关键是不要出食物中毒，即不要交叉污染、做到生熟分开，这是最基本的要求，但现在怎么管呢？超市和农贸市场都建起了实验室，号称可以对蔬菜等食品的农药残留物等进行快速检测，但这是马上入口的食物啊，检出问题又能怎么样？这边查完时，那车问题菜都卖完了”。

Health supervision department a line law enforcement officials said,"Farmer's market/The supermarket of food safety supervision in our opinion is the most simple,The key is not to the food poisoning,That do not cross contamination/Do life practice apart,This is the most basic requirements,But now how tube?Supermarkets and farmer's markets are built laboratory,So-called to vegetables food pesticide residue of rapid detection,But this is immediately entry food ah,Detection problem again how?Finishing check here when,The car problem food is sold out".

　　上述人员表示，快速检测结果的阳性率较高，准确结果要经过实验室送检，3天后才能揭晓，“这至多只是一道风险监测，但实质上起不到什么实际效果，多是表面文章。”令卫生监督部门工作人员不解的是，农贸市场里蔬果蛋肉的主要流向之一是各类餐馆，但作为餐馆里食品安全的守门人，他们却很难掌握农贸市场中销售产品的食品安全现状情况，“这样的缝不只我们这一个”。

The researchers say,Rapid testing results of higher positive rate,Accurate results should pass laboratory inspection,Three days later can be announced,"This are at best a risk monitoring,But in less than what the actual effect,Is superficial."Make health supervision department staff don't understand is,Farmer's market in the main flow of meat and eggs is one of all kinds of restaurants,But as the restaurant food safety the gatekeeper,But they are difficult to master farmer's market sales products of food safety present situation,"This joint not only this one".

　　有业内人士表示，目前的食品安全监管不仅分散、而且也偏离了其本源，真正的管食品应该管食品的营养与卫生情况，“现在中小学生肥胖、近视眼、体质低下、长跑猝死等都与体质下降和营养膳食不平衡有关。学生营养餐谁爱吃啊，都到校门口买汉堡包、摊煎饼、干吃面，但这个年龄组正是器官发育的时候，如果没有优质蛋白的摄入，那体质能好么？”但在整个食品安全监管过程中，恰恰是这个“根本”被忽略了。

The personage inside course of study says,The present food safety regulation is not only scattered/But also deviated from its source,The real tube food should be tube food nutrition and health conditions,"Primary and middle school students now obesity/nearsightedness/Low physical/Run sudden death from physical deterioration and nutrition diet balance not relevant.Its students who love to eat ah,To buy a hamburger school/Booth pancakes/GanChiMian,But this age group is the organ development,If there is no high quality protein intake,The constitution can good yao?"But in the whole process of food safety supervision,Just is the"fundamental"ignored.

　　

□举措 - move

　　清理食品安全“杂标” Clean food safety"Miscellaneous standard"

　　全国各类与食品有关的“安全标准”竟达5000个左右。不同内涵的标准并存的现状给执法带来很大难度。

The national various and food related"Safety standards"But up to 5000 or so.Different connotation of the present situation of the law enforcement standard coexist to bring a lot of difficulty.

　　纵观食品从销售到入口的整个链条，涉及质监、工商、卫生等众多部门，监管环节多、链条长，容易产生监管死角，暗藏食品安全隐患。就此而言，确保食品安全，完善机制是根本，制定“标准”是前提。

The general food from sales to the entrance of the whole chain,Involves qualitative inspect/commerce/Health and many other departments,Supervision links/Chain length,Easy to produce the supervision dead Angle,Hide the food safety hidden trouble.For that matter,To ensure food safety,Perfect the mechanism is fundamental,make"standard"Is the precondition.

　　去年底，卫生部启动食品标准清理工作发现，除卫生部颁布的食品安全强制标准外，农业部门、质监部门、工商部门、商务部门、行业协会等也都有与食品安全有关的推荐标准或行业标准，全国各类与食品有关的“安全标准”竟达5000个左右。

end,The ministry of health food standards start cleaning found,In addition to the ministry of health issued food safety compulsory standard outside,Department of agriculture/Qualitative inspect branch/Ministry of commerce/Business department/Industry associations and so on also have and food safety related recommendation or industry standard,The national various and food related"Safety standards"But up to 5000 or so.

　　“这给我们的执法带来很大难度，比如在检查一个餐馆卫生时，当告知其没有达到国家标准时，对方却说遵循的是行业标准”，卫生监督执法人员透露，不同内涵的标准并存的现状给执法带来很大难度。

"This gives us a lot of difficulty of law enforcement,For instance in a restaurant when health check,When told that their does not meet the national standards,The other said follow is the industry standard",Health supervision and law enforcement officials said,Different connotation of the present situation of the law enforcement standard coexist to bring a lot of difficulty.

　　“一种食品，多个标准”的乱状已经引起卫生部的重视，并着手采取行动。在其近日公布的新修订的食品安全国家标准——《食品中污染物限量》中，在清理以往食品标准的基础上，整合修订为铅、镉、汞、砷等13种污染物在谷物、蔬菜、水果、肉类、水产品、调味品、饮料、酒类等20余大类食品的限量规定，删除了硒、铝、氟等3项指标，共设定160余个限量指标。这个“新国标”将从今年6月1日起实施。

"A kind of food,More standard"A shape has attracted the attention of the ministry of health,And to take action.In the recently released new revision of the national food safety standards --[Food contamination in limited]in,In the cleaning up before the basis of food standards,Integrated revision for lead/cadmium/mercury/Arsenic 13 kinds of pollutants in the grain/vegetables/fruit/meat/Aquatic products/spice/drinks/Alcohol and other more than twenty kinds of food limited provisions,Deleted selenium/aluminum/Fluorine indexes,A total of more than 160 set a limit index.this"New gb"From June 1st,.

　　卫生部于今年1月底在京召开食品标准清理工作会议称，根据《食品安全法》和《国务院关于加强食品安全工作的决定》，制定公布了《食品安全国家标准“十二五”规划》和《食品标准清理工作方案》，决定利用三年时间对现行近5000项食用农产品质量安全标准、食品卫生标准、食品质量标准以及行业标准强制执行内容进行清理，并完成相关标准的整合工作。

The ministry of health in the end of January held in Beijing food standard cleaning work conference said,According to the[Food safety]and[The state council on strengthening the food safety work decision],Make announce the[The national food safety standards"1025"planning]and[Food standard cleaning work plan],Decided to use three years time to current nearly 5000 item of edible agricultural products quality and safety standard/Food hygiene standards/Food quality standards and industry standards enforcement content to clean up,And complete the relevant standards of the integration of work.

　　由148位来自农业、质检、卫生、商务等相关部门和科研院校、行业协会的相关领域权威专家已经“碰头”，分产品组、食品添加剂组、食品相关产品组、生产经营规范组、理化检验方法组、微生物检验方法组、特殊膳食类食品组、毒理学评价程序组等8个工作组，分专业开展食品安全标准清理整合工作。

By 148 from agriculture/qc/health/Business and other related departments and scientific research colleges and universities/Industry associations related fields authoritative experts have"head",Points product groups/Food additive group/Food related products group/The production and business operation standard group/Physical and chemical inspection method group/Microbial inspection method group/Special dietary foods group/Toxicology evaluation program group, eight working group,Points for students majoring in food safety standard cleaning integration work.

　　将定食品微生物限量 Microbial limit will be set food

　　制定统一的“国标”将在日后的监管过程中实现“执法必严、违法必究”。

Formulate unified"gb"In the future will be the regulatory process to realize"Must be enforced/barriers".

　　清理“杂标”的同时，作为拥有食品安全标准制定、修订、颁布等法定职责的卫生部也在加快推动新一轮“国标”的出台。

cleaning"Miscellaneous standard"At the same time,As a food safety standards/revised/Such as promulgated by the ministry of health of the statutory duties also to speed up to promote a new round"gb"appearing.

　　记者采访中获悉，北京市卫生监督所牵头制定的餐饮业即食食品微生物限量标准的实验室调查工作已经完成，旨在对餐饮业中所有热菜、凉菜、半热菜等质量标准进行限定，为全国范围内对此类食品的生产、监督、检查、管理等提供依据。此标准将在经专家论证、修订、公示后，于今年内出台。

Reporters learned that in,Beijing health supervision have lead for catering industry ready-to-eat microbial limit standard laboratory research work has already been done,The aim is to the catering industry all hot food/Cold dish/Half hot food, such as a quality standard,The range of this kind of food production/supervision/check/Provide a basis for management, etc.This standard will be demonstrated by the experts/revised/After publication,This year on.

　　如此大规模的对食品类安全标准进行整顿清理，在业内专家看来，无疑是国家层面提高对食品安全问题重视程度和把关级别的一个信号。一方面，由卫生部牵头对食品安全国标进行清理整顿体现了国家对现存食品卫生问题“关口不严”的隐忧，制定统一的“国标”将在日后的监管过程中实现“执法必严、违法必究”；另一方面，此举或成为改变目前食品安全问题“多头管理”现状的标志，多年来各部门“分管一段、说管都管，说不管都不管”的情形或将得到改变，在全国两会后的大部制改革中，食品药品监管局有望“掌舵”管理食品问题。

So the scale of the food safety standards for the cleaning,In the industry experts believe,Is undoubtedly the national level to improve the food safety problems attention degree and control level of a signal.On the one hand,Led by the ministry of public health of food safety gb to clean up the country to reflect the existing food health problems"Gates is lax"worry,Formulate unified"gb"In the future will be the regulatory process to realize"Must be enforced/barriers";On the other hand,The move or become to change the current food safety problems"Bull management"Symbol of status,Each department for many years"For a period of/Said tube are tube,Said, no matter whatever"The condition or will change,Two in the country after the super-ministries reform,The food and drug supervision bureau is expected"At the helm"Management food problem.

　　本版采写本报记者李秋萌袁国礼

This LiQiuMeng YuanGuoLi concludes our reporter