家，一向被视为最安全的港湾。然而近日，世界卫生组织发布了一份经过两年精心研究，由16名专家完成的史上最全面的内分泌研究报告，并称地毯、沙发、家电、水瓶、玩具、信用卡等家居用品中，存在的溴化阻燃剂、塑化剂、双酚A等3类物质可能导致癌症、哮喘和不育等问题。据此，我们列出了家中常见的危险用品，并邀请权威专家解析，这些污染物会对人体造成什么伤害，该如何规避？

home,Has been seen as the safest harbor.However, in recent days,The world health organization released a after two years of careful study,Completed by 16 expert on the history of the most comprehensive endocrine research,Said the carpet/sofa/Home appliance/Water bottle/The toy/Credit CARDS, and other household items,Brominated flame retardants/plasticizer/Three kinds of material such as bisphenol A may lead to cancer/Problems such as asthma, and infertility.On the basis of,We listed the common dangerous goods in the home,And invited leading experts,These pollutants will cause what harm to human body,How to avoid?

　　一、危险用品：PVC地板、油漆等装修材料，一次性塑料水杯、塑料手套、玩具、雨衣、鞋类、浴帘、信用卡等日用品，包装袋、保鲜膜等食品包装，以及发胶、口红、指甲油、乳液等化妆品。

a/Dangerous goods:PVC floor/Paint and other decorate material,Disposable plastic cups/Plastic gloves/The toy/A raincoat/The footwear/Bath shade/Credit CARDS and other daily necessities,Packaging bags/Plastic wrap, etc. Food packaging,As well as the gel/lipstick/Nail polish/Emulsion cosmetics such as.

　　所含污染物：塑化剂，也叫增塑剂（目前使用最多的是邻苯二甲酸酯类物质），不仅用于塑料制品的生产，在橡胶、黏合剂、树脂、电缆等材料中也有应用。主要起到增加材料的柔软性、韧性和弹性的作用，使其更耐用。

Contains pollutants:plasticizer,Also known as plasticizers(Use at present most is phthalates),Not only is used in the production of the plastic products,The rubber/adhesive/resin/Material such as cable application.Main increase material softness/Toughness and elasticity,To make it more durable.

　　危害：北京协和医院内分泌科主任医师伍学焱告诉《生命时报》记者，塑化剂（邻苯二甲酸酯类物质）有类雌激素作用，大量摄入可能干扰人体的内分泌系统。如果在体内长期累积，会引发激素失调，导致人体免疫力下降，最严重的是影响生殖能力，造成孩子性别错乱，诱发儿童性早熟。塑化剂还会伤害人类基因，增加患心血管疾病的风险，肝脏和泌尿系统也会连带受伤，且受损后，还可能通过基因遗传给下一代。另有研究证实，塑化剂会使动物产生癌变反应。

harm:Peking union medical college hospital endocrinology WuXueYan tell, director of physicians[Life times]reporter,plasticizer(Phthalic acid esters)Have class estrogen action,In high doses may interfere with the body's endocrine system.If the long-term accumulation in the body,Can lead to hormonal imbalance,Led to the decrease of the human body immunity,Is the most serious influence reproductive ability,Cause children gender confusion,Induce sexual precocity.Plasticizer will harm human genes,Increase the risk of cardiovascular disease,The liver also joint injury and urinary systems,And damaged,May also through the genes to the next generation.Another study confirms,Plasticizer can make animals produce canceration.

　　应对措施：伍学焱表示，对于现代人来说，完全避开塑化剂几乎不可能，但也没必要过度恐慌，只要正常接触，不过量使用，就不会伤害人体。

Response to the:WuXueYan said,For modern people,Completely avoid the plasticizer is almost impossible,But there is no need to panic,As long as the normal contact,Don't overuse,Will not harm the human body.

　　国际食品包装协会秘书长董金狮建议，应尽量少用塑胶产品，不应让儿童把塑胶制品放入口中；最好不要用塑料瓶来装酒和油，如果一定要装，最好选择瓶底或瓶身上有个三角标志，三角里面有数字“1”的塑料瓶，并存放在阴凉通风处；如果塑料制品上标有“PVC”，说明里面含有邻苯二甲酸酯类物质，购买和使用时要格外注意；用微波炉加热时，不能带着保鲜膜一起加热，特别是肉类，多数保鲜膜含有邻苯二甲酸酯类物质，一旦接触油脂，就会释放有害物质。

International food packaging association secretary general dong jinshi advice,Should try to use less plastic products,Should not let the children put plastic products in the mouth;Had better not use plastic bottles for wine and oil,If you must,Had better choose a triangle sign on the bottom of the bottle or bottle,Triangle with Numbers"1"The plastic bottle,In a cool and ventilated place;If it says on the plastic products"PVC",Description contains phthalates,Be especially careful when buying and using;When heated in the microwave oven,Can't heating together with plastic wrap,Especially meat,Majority of plastic wrap contain phthalates,Once in contact with oil,Will release harmful substances.

　　中国环境科学院环境污染与健康研究室副研究员王红梅表示，家装尽量选择钢木家具和地板。在选购日常用品时，如果闻到较大异味，就说明其污染物浓度较大，应该果断弃用。绿色和平污染防治项目主任郑钰提醒，选择儿童用品时，要避开PVC材料的，过软、过小的塑料制品要少买，特别要注意有刺鼻的“塑料”气味，或摸起来有点油腻黏稠感的塑料玩具，应谨慎选择。

China academy of environmental pollution of the environment and health research office of the deputy researcher Wang Gongmei said,Installed as far as possible choice of steel and wood furniture and floors.When the choose and buy groceries,If larger smell peculiar smell,The pollutant concentration is larger,Should be resolutely abandoned.Green peace Zheng Yu remind, director of the pollution prevention projects,When choosing children's products,To avoid the PVC material,Too soft/Too small plastic products to buy less,Special attention should be paid to have pungent"plastic"smell,And it feels a bit greasy feeling sticky plastic toys,Should be careful to choose.

　　二、危险物品：餐具、水壶、奶瓶、罐头、眼镜片、手机、电脑、购物小票等。

(2)/Dangerous goods:tableware/The kettle/Baby bottles/canned/Glass lens/Mobile phone/The computer/Shopping receipts, etc..

　　所含污染物：双酚A，可使塑料产品变得无色、透明、耐用、防摔，应用广泛。

Contains pollutants:Bisphenol A (bpa),Can make the plastic products become colorless/transparent/durable/drop,Widely used.

　　危害：伍学焱表示，双酚A不仅会导致心脏病，还会诱发糖尿病和肝脏疾病，并影响胎儿、儿童的大脑发育，甚至增加前列腺癌和乳腺癌的风险。美国哈佛大学的一项研究发现，双酚A还会增加女性不孕的风险。董金狮指出，双酚A一旦被人体摄入，很难分解，会遗传给后代，还可能发生变异，产生新的有毒有害物质。

harm:WuXueYan said,Bisphenol A is not only can lead to heart disease,Also can cause diabetes and liver disease,And affect the fetus/The brain development of children,And even increase the risk of prostate cancer and breast cancer.A Harvard University study found,Bisphenol A can also increase A woman's risk of infertility.Dong jinshi pointed out,Once A bisphenol A intake by human body,It is difficult to break down,Will be passed on to offspring,May also change,Produce new toxic and harmful substances.

　　应对措施：中国塑料加工工业协会降解塑料专业委员会副会长唐赛珍表示，塑料制品中的某些成分是否真正危害人体，和使用方法有很大关系。日常生活中可以注意以下几点：不用塑料杯装沸水，因为双酚A只有在100℃以上的高温中才会释放出来；不用塑料袋装热食，以免有毒物质在高温下被释放，造成慢性中毒；不用彩色塑料袋装熟食，因为彩色塑料袋大多是用回收塑料制成的，可能释放有害物质；微波加热要用专用碗；新买的塑料制品用温水浸泡数日，加快释放出残余双酚A等有害物质，再使用；超市小票中也可能含此类物质，接触后要及时洗手。

Response to the:China plastics processing industry association degradable plastic professional committee of vice-chairman Tang Saizhen said,To some of the plastic products really harm human body,And use method has a lot to do.In daily life can pay attention to the following points:Don't need plastic cup boiling water,Because of bisphenol A at A temperature of 100 ℃ above only can be released;Don't need plastic bags hot food,In order to avoid toxic substances were released at high temperature,Cause chronic poisoning;Don't have to color plastic bags for cooked food,Because most of color plastic bags are made from recycled plastics,Can release harmful substances;Microwave heating use special dishes;New plastic products with warm water soak for a few days,To speed up the release harmful material such as residual bisphenol A,To use;In supermarket receipts may also contain such substances,To wash their hands in time after contact.

　　三、危险用品：家用电器外壳、地毯、涂料、沙发坐垫填充物等。

three/Dangerous goods:And home appliances shell/The carpet/coating/Sofa cushion fillers, etc.

　　所含污染物：溴化阻燃剂，一种含溴有机化合物的通称，作为阻燃剂使用，主要涂抹于物体表面，防止物体因过热而起火。

Contains pollutants:Brominated flame retardants,A general term for a bromine organic compounds,Used as flame retardants,Mainly apply to an object's surface,To prevent objects due to overheat and burst into flames.

　　危害：添加阻燃剂防止起火本是好意，但如果阻燃剂对人体有害，就可能得不偿失。溴化阻燃剂作为一种常见污染物，持久性强，易在人体内积聚，会干扰人体的内分泌、免疫和神经系统，造成儿童过度活跃、学习困难，并导致成人精子质量下降和不孕不育。溴化阻燃剂在焚化时，还会释放致癌物。

harm:Add fire retardant to prevent fire is kindness,But if the flame retardants is harmful to human body,May do more harm than good.Brominated flame retardants, as a kind of common pollutants,Persistence is strong,Easy to accumulate in human body,Interferes with the body's endocrine/The immune and nervous systems,Cause hyperactivity in children/Learning difficulties,And resulting in a decline in sperm quality in adult and infertility.Brominated flame retardants in incineration,Also can produce a cancer-causing substance.

　　应对措施：湖北大学化工学院王应席教授表示，沙发、窗帘、壁纸等阻燃家具，最好使用磷化阻燃剂代替溴化阻燃剂。目前，欧洲已经明确规定不准使用溴化阻燃剂，但在我国，阻燃标准没有欧洲严格，溴化阻燃剂的阻燃效果又是最好的，所以市面上依旧存在含溴化阻燃剂的家具。消费者在选购软体家具时，尽量选亚麻、羊毛面料的产品。如果担心有隐患，可保持室内通风，或种植兰花等可以吸收溴元素的植物。此外，沙发和坐垫等通常使用加了溴化阻燃剂的海绵类物质，一旦外层的包裹物料有破损，应立即缝补。购买家电产品时，尽量选择带有“ROHS”标志（代表不含大多数种类的溴化阻燃剂）的产品。

Response to the:Hubei university institute of chemical industry Wang Yingxi professor said,sofa/The curtain/Flame retardant furniture such as wallpaper,It is best to use phosphate flame retardant instead of brominated flame retardants.At present,Europe has clear provisions are not allowed to be used brominated flame retardants,But in our country,Flame retardant standard is not strict in Europe,Brominated flame retardants in flame-retardant effect is the best,So still there on the market containing brominated flame retardants in furniture.Consumer is when the soft furniture of choose and buy,As far as possible choose linen/Wool fabric products.If worry about hidden dangers,Can maintain indoor ventilation,Or grow the orchid plant absorb the bromine element.In addition,Sofas and cushions etc. Usually use sponges with brominated flame retardant material,Once the outer package material is broken,Should immediately mended.When buying a home appliance products,Try to choose a"rohs"mark(On behalf of most types of brominated flame retardants)Of the product.

　　最后，王红梅提醒消费者，现代生活中，难以完全避免上述物质，但无需过度恐慌，因为技术过关、质量合格、信誉良好的企业会根据相关标准生产、加工产品，不会对人体造成伤害。▲

The last,Wang Gongmei remind consumers,In modern life,Is difficult to completely avoid the above material,But there's no need to be panic,Because technology pass/Quality qualification/Reputable companies will according to the relevant standard production/Processed products,Will not cause harm to human body.Bring about