供需1:30，人体器官捐献短缺 Supply and demand of 1:30,Shortage of human organ donation

昨天，“上海发布”的一则微博引起网友围观：中山医院10位党政领导自愿参加器官捐献。数百个转帖评论中，叫好的声音不断，但也有网友建议，应该让法律保障器官移植的透明、公平，让捐助者得到尊重。记者带着问题，采访了中山医院院长王玉琦、副院长朱同玉及瑞金医院移植中心主任医师祝哲诚。

yesterday,"Shanghai released"A weibo cause netizen onlookers:Zhongshan hospital, 10 party leaders voluntary organ donation.Hundreds of forwarded the comments,Constantly cheer's voice,But there are also net friend Suggestions,Should make the law guarantee transparency of organ transplants/fair,Let donors are respected.Journalist with questions,Zhongshan hospital dean Wang Yuqi interviewed/Deputy dean zhu with jade and ZhuZheCheng ruijin hospital transplant center, director of physicians.

70%是亲属移植 70% are relatives of transplantation

最新公布的数据显示，我国当前器官供需比例为1:30，但在王玉琦和朱同玉看来，这个数字还是有点“乐观”了。在我国，人体器官捐献的规模和需要器官的患者数比例严重偏低。

The latest figures show,The current ratio for 1:30 organ supply and demand,But in Wang Yuqi and zhu with jade looks like,The Numbers are still a little"optimistic"the.In our country,The size of the human organ donation and need organ on the number of patients with severe low proportion.

朱同玉告诉记者，目前中山医院等待器官移植的有四五百人，其中等待肾脏移植的就有330人。瑞金医院也面临类似处境，据祝哲诚介绍，医院目前登记需要肾脏移植的有五六百人，肝脏和心脏正在等待移植的有十几人，“大部分心、肝疾病患者，等不到供体就去世了”。就在今年春节前，一位在上海工作的外地小伙子突然出现肝功能衰竭，需要立即进行肝移植。但在供体出现的前一天，这名27岁的小伙子还是离开了人世。

Zhu told reporters with jade,Zhongshan hospital currently has five centuries people waiting for organ transplants,Waiting for a kidney transplant have 330 of them.Ruijin hospital is also facing similar situation,According to ZhuZheCheng,Hospital registration need kidney transplant after people at present,The liver and heart is waiting for a dozen people,"Most of the heart/Patients with liver disease,Wait for the donor had died".Just before Chinese New Year,A foreign guy working in Shanghai sudden liver failure,Need for a liver transplant immediately.But in the donor appeared the day before,The 27-year-old man was passed away.

据介绍，现有的器官捐献手术中，有70%是亲属移植，如广泛开展公民逝世后器官捐献，无疑将挽救更多人的生命。中山医院院长王玉琦日前向其他院领导提议自愿参加器官捐献，得到一致响应。2月25日下午，《上海市人体器官捐献自愿书》上，多了中山医院这十个人的名字。王玉琦希望能有更多人加入献爱心的行列，“我们10个人太少了，100万人才有意义。就像骨髓库一样，不到上百万的规模，是没有用的”。

According to introducing,The existing organ donation in the operation,70% were relatives of the transplant,Such as the organ donation after the death of extensive citizens,Will save more people's life.Zhongshan hospital Wang Yuqi has led to other court proposed voluntary organ donation,To get a consistent response.On February 25th in the afternoon,[Human organ donation voluntarily book in Shanghai]On the,Zhongshan hospital in the name of the ten people.Wang Yuqi hope to have more people to join love,"We ten people too little,Meant 1 million.Just like the CDMP data bank,Less than the scale of millions,It is no use".

有意愿却捐献无门 There will is gift

“不要小看了公众的觉悟！”朱同玉说。中国红十字会统计数据显示，2010年中国开始进行人体器官捐献的试点工作，截至2013年2月22日，共实现捐献659例，捐献大器官1804个，数以千计的生命得到挽救。

"Don't look down upon the consciousness of the public!"With yu zhu said.According to the Red Cross society of China,In 2010 China began to pilot work for human organ donation,As of February 22, 2013,Implement donation total of 659 cases,Donated organs in 1804,Thousands of lives are saved.

朱同玉发布登记捐献的微博后，有很多人也表示想捐，但不知怎么捐。“人们的观念虽然在逐步改变，但器官捐献的程序并不为公众所熟知”。王玉琦曾遇到一位老人想捐献器官，却找不到门路。以前，登记遗体捐献要填写好几份登记表，然后还要家属同意，再去公证处公证，最后把登记表送回接受站。王玉琦呼吁：“我们应该简化申请过程，甚至对有需要的人群应上门去办。”

Zhu issued after registration of donor weibo with jade,There are a lot of people also said he wanted to donate,But I don't know how to donate."Although the idea of people in gradually change,But the organ donation program is not known by the public".Wang Yuqi met an old man who want to donate organs,But can't find the way.before,Body donation number registration form to complete registration,Then there is the family members,Then go to notary office,Finally, the registration form back to the station.Wang Yuqi called for:"We should simplify the application process,Even for people in need should be door to door."

目前，普通人群可以通过上海的17家试点医院，将申请表格交到红十字会。但朱同玉坦言，手续仍然太复杂。在美国，公民如果有捐献的意愿，填张表格后，在驾驶证上盖一颗心即可。

At present,In the general population by pilot 17 hospitals in Shanghai,Completed application form to the Red Cross.But zhu with jade said,Still too complicated formalities.In the United States,Citizen if there is a willingness to donate,Fill in the form,Cover on the driving license a heart can be.

朱同玉介绍，有自愿身后无偿捐献器官登记意向的公民，可以向本市各试点医疗单位、医科高校的遗体接收站、区县红十字会及社区服务站等地点获取宣传资料和登记表格，也可以通过上海市红十字会网站了解详情。

Zhu introduced with jade,Have volunteered to donate organs registration intent behind citizens,Each pilot medical units to the city/The body of the medical colleges and universities receiving station/Community district Red Cross and other places for promotional information and registration form,Can also through the Shanghai Red Cross website for details.

公众盼使用透明公平 The public to use transparent and fair

网友“善意开花”说：“捐献不是难事，关键是相关法律法规的完善，让捐献者能够得到足够的尊重。”有类似疑虑的市民不在少数，大家普遍担忧捐献和使用器官过程的透明、公平。这背后需要的是更多制度和法律的保障。

Net friend"White flower"said:"Donation is not difficult,The key is the perfection of relevant laws and regulations,Allow donors to get enough respect."Have similar doubts about the citizens,Common concerns about organ donation and use process transparent/fair.Behind this need is more system and legal protection.

去年12月11日，上海市人体器官捐献工作领导小组成立，中山医院等17家三级医院成为上海首批人体器官捐献试点医院。这些医院会把供体器官信息和等待移植病人的检查数据指标录入全国统一的器官分配与共享系统，并按照与国际接轨的分配原则，通过统计分析，由系统自动按照国家规定的要素排序进行匹配，并挑选出最需要的患者。

On 11 December last year,Human organ donation work leading group was set up in Shanghai,Zhongshan hospital and 17 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai the first pilot hospital human organ donation.These hospitals will reduce the donor organ transplant for information and check data index of the patient into the unified national organ allocation and sharing system,And in accordance with the principle of distribution in line with international standards,Through the statistical analysis,By the system automatically according to the regulations of the state ordering of the elements of a match,And sort out the most in need of patients.

朱同玉说，系统中的匹配方式非常完善，而为了使器官捐献和使用更加科学公正，上海还专门成立“上海市人体器官捐献专家委员会”和“上海市人体器官捐献市级医学专家会诊评估组”。这些都将从根本上改变原先的供体器官分配方式，体现科学化和公正性。

With yu zhu said,Matching in the system is very perfect,And in order to make organ donation and use more scientific and fair,Also set up in Shanghai"Human organ donation of the expert committee of Shanghai"and"Human organ donation in Shanghai municipal medical specialists assessment team".These will fundamentally change the original donor organ allocation,Reflect scientific and impartiality.

他还介绍，捐献器官者将获得一定的人道救助经济补偿，比如住院医疗费用的减免，捐赠者家庭的医疗保险、困难救助、学费优惠、税收减免等。

He also introduced,Receive humanitarian assistance for the donation of body organs will be economic compensation,Such as hospital medical costs reduction,Donor family health insurance/Difficult to rescue/Tuition fee discount/Tax breaks, etc..

另据了解，本月初，我国首个单独规范人体器官捐献的地方法规 《天津市人体器官捐献条例》正式实施。新条例将解决器官捐献“谁来做、做什么、怎么做”的问题，同时明确了捐献原则、组织机构和流程。（

According to understand,At the beginning of the month,First specification separately in our country human organs donated by local laws and regulations [Tianjin human organ donation]The formal implementation.The new rules will solve organ donation"Who will do/What to do/What to do"The problem of,At the same time has been clear about the principle of donation/Organisations and processes.(记者 王潇 The reporter Wang Xiao）

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