近期南京问题芝麻粉事件引发不少读者关注。对于很多喜欢自己服用中药的读者而言，中药的安全问题再次受到关注。是药三分毒，中药西药都不例外，但是中药中很多有毒性的药材用好了也是治病的良方。读者朋友们在仔细区分的同时，切记不要自己配制“偏方”，以免引起中毒。临床上比较常见、大家又容易忽视的有毒中药不妨了解一下。

Nanjing recently problem sesame powder led to many readers.For many readers like yourself taking traditional Chinese medicine,The security problem of Chinese traditional medicine again concern.Is medicine 3 minutes poison,Chinese traditional medicine western medicine is no exception,But a lot of toxic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an effective way to cure with good.Readers while carefully distinguish,Don't make myself"Folk prescription",Lest cause poisoning.Clinical more common/You might as well look at and easy to overlook of toxic traditional Chinese medicine.

　　乌头类药物 久服容易伤神经

Take easy to hurt nerve monkshood class of drugs for a long time

　　【毒性指数】★★★★

[Toxicity index]U u u u

　　川乌、草乌、附子、雪上一枝蒿等都属于乌头类药物。很多读者吃过或者见过的中成药如舒筋活络丸、活络丹、大活络丹、追风丸、三七伤药片、附子理中丸、金匮肾气丸、木瓜丸、右归丸、正天丸等都有它的踪影。乌头类药物主要有毒成分为乌头碱，一般中毒量为0.2毫克，致死量为2～4毫克。主要是对神经系统，尤其是迷走神经等，使其先兴奋后抑制，并可直接作用于心脏，产生异常兴奋，可致心律失常，甚至引起室颤而死亡。

Radix aconiti/Kusnezoff monkshood/Lateral root/Snow a raccoon and so on all belongs to monkshood class of drugs.Many readers tasted or seen the proprietary Chinese medicine such as relaxes the muscles loose balls/Adjustable Dan/Large adjustable Dan/Zhuifeng pills/Notoginseng injury tablets/In aconite pill/The gold or kidney shot/Papaya pill/Right to pill/Is day have shot it.The toxic components in aconitum drugs aconitine,General toxic dose of 0.2 mg,Lethal dose of 2 ~ 4 mg.Mainly on the nervous system,Especially the vagus nerve, etc,Make its excitement after the check first,And can be directly ACTS on the heart,Produce very excited,Can cause cardiac arrhythmia,Even cause ventricular fibrillation and death.

　　苦杏仁 鉴别甜杏防误食

Identify sweet apricot against eating bitter apricot kernels

　　【毒性指数】★★★

[Toxicity index]U u u

　　很多朋友都吃过杏仁，需要大家注意的是，有一种苦杏仁不能与其混淆！苦杏仁对肺系的主要病症咳嗽、痰多、喘息又有强烈的针对性，故古今医家将其作为肺系用药使用，但是它有小毒，临床常用量为5～15克。我们在购买杏仁时应该注意苦甜之分。苦杏仁的毒性来自于苦杏仁甙水解释放出的氢氰酸，这种物质可以阻断细胞的呼吸链，每100克苦杏仁中所含的苦杏仁苷就可以分解释放出氢氰酸100～250毫克，而60毫克氢氰酸就可以置人于死地。

A lot of friends to eat almonds,Need everyone's attention,There is a kind of bitter almond can't instead of confusion!Bitter almond main disease of lung cough/phlegm/Breathing and has a strong targeted,So the physicians embalmed as a department of pulmonary medicine use,But it has a little poison,Clinical often use for 5 ~ 15 g.We should pay attention to when buying almonds bitter sweet.Toxicity of bitter apricot kernels from the bitter apricot kernels glucoside release of hydrocyanic acid hydrolysis,This substance can block the cells of the respiratory chain,Per 100 grams of bitter almonds contain laetrile can decompose release hydrocyanic acid 100-100 mg,And 60 milligrams of hydrocyanic acid can kill people.

　　两种杏仁一般如何鉴别呢，苦杏仁味苦涩，呈扁心脏形，顶端尖，基部钝圆而厚，左右略不对称；甜杏仁味淡甘，大而扁，基部略对称。

Two kinds of almond generally how to identify,Bitter almond taste bitter,A flat heart shape,The top tip,Base obtuse and thicker,Around slightly asymmetric;Sweet almond taste light,Large, flat,Base slightly asymmetric.

　　雄黄 遇热氧化成砒霜

Realgar is heated into arsenic oxide

　　【毒性指数】★★★★

[Toxicity index]U u u u

　　看过《新白娘子传奇》和知道端午习俗的读者朋友，对雄黄都不陌生，含雄黄的中成药也不少：比如牛黄解毒丸、六神丸、安宫牛黄丸、牛黄清心丸、牛黄镇惊丸、牛黄抱龙丸、三品一条枪、砒枣散。但是你知道吗？雄黄也是有毒的，一般用量为0.05～0.1克，入丸散用。临床大都外用熏涂患处，孕妇是一定要禁用的。雄黄的保存方法切记要置于干燥处，密闭存放。尤其注意不能遇热，因为雄黄加热到一定温度后在空气中可以被氧化为剧毒成分三氧化二砷，即砒霜。雄黄中毒的消化系统表现为口腔咽喉干痛、烧灼感、口中有金属味、流涎、剧烈恶心呕吐、腹痛腹泻、严重时患者会因心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭而死亡。长期接触也会引起皮肤过敏，出现丘疹、疱疹、痤疮样皮疹等。

Have seen[The white niang son legend new]And know the reader friend dragon-boat festival custom,Is not all strange to realgar,Many proprietary Chinese medicine containing realgar, too:Such as bezoar poison pill/Nightfall pill/Ann palace bezoar bolus/Bezoar sedative bolus/Bezoar relieving convulsion pill/Bezoar have dragon balls/Doctrine of a gun/Arsenic jujube powder.But do you know?Realgar is poisonous,General dosage is 0.05 ~ 0.1 g,Into the pill scattered use.Most clinical external fume with hifu,Pregnant women must be disabled.To preserve realgar remember to placed in a dry place,Airtight storage.Especially pay attention to not when it is heated,Because realgar after heated to certain temperature can be oxidized in the air for the toxic components of arsenic trioxide,The arsenic.Arsenic sulphide poisoning digestive system manifestation of a dry mouth sore throat pain/A burning sensation/The mouth has a metallic taste/salivate/Severe nausea and vomiting/The abdominal pain diarrhea/Serious when patients with heart failure/Respiratory failure and death.Long-term exposure can also cause skin irritation,A pimple/herpes/Acne rash, etc.

　　朱砂 小孩切记要远离

Vermilion remember to stay away from children

　　【毒性指数】★★★

[Toxicity index]U u u

　　朱砂有安神、定惊，治癫狂、惊悸、心烦、失眠、眩晕、目昏等作用，牛黄清心丸、牛黄抱龙丸、朱砂安神丸、天王补心丹、安神补脑丸、苏合香丸、人参再造丸、安宫牛黄丸、牛黄至宝丹、牛黄千金散、牛黄镇惊丸、紫雪丹、大活络丹等常见中成药都少不了它。一些民俗挂件与饰品中常会见到它的身影，民间传说中又有辟邪之说。

Cinnabar has sedative/Calm the frightened,Cure madness/Into the fright/upset/insomnia/vertigo/Orders, faint, and so on,Bezoar sedative bolus/Bezoar have dragon balls/Cinnabar sedative bolus/Pop bushing Dan/Anshen pill for brain/Styrax pill/Ginseng restorative pill/Ann palace bezoar bolus/Bezoar treasure Dan/Bezoar daughter away/Bezoar relieving convulsion pill/Purple snow Dan/Large adjustable Dan such common Chinese patent medicine involve it.Some folk custom widgets and accessories may see the figure of it,Folklore is said to ward off bad luck.

　　但是大家要注意，这些饰品切记不要让孩子触碰，以免入口中毒。朱砂含汞，容易汞中毒。消化系统中毒表现为恶心呕吐、腹痛腹泻，口中有金属味，流涎，口腔粘膜充血，牙龈肿胀溃疡等。泌尿系统中毒表现为少尿、蛋白尿，严重者可发生急性肾功能衰竭。

But you should pay attention to,These accessories remember don't let children touch,In order to avoid the entrance poisoning.Cinnabar mercury,Easy to mercury poisoning.The digestive system toxicity characterized by nausea and vomiting/The abdominal pain diarrhea,The mouth has a metallic taste,salivate,Oral mucosal hyperemia,Gum swelling and ulcer, etc.Characterized by oliguria urinary system poisoning/proteinuria,Serious acute renal failure can occur.

　　蜈蚣 泡制药酒遵医嘱

Centipede steeped for medicinal liquor etc

　　【毒性指数】★★★

[Toxicity index]U u u

　　蜈蚣是一味传统的重要动物药材，具有祛风止痉、通络止痛、攻毒散结的功效，可用于惊风、癫痫、痉挛抽搐、中风口歪、半身不遂、破伤风、风湿顽痹、偏头痛和毒物咬伤等的治疗。很多有风湿病和关节炎的读者朋友都听过蜈蚣泡酒治病的偏方，虽然与它的药性理论是对应的，但是蜈蚣是有毒的，不知道如何配伍反而会中毒甚至身亡！

Centipede is one of the important animals blindly traditional medicine,Has the functions of antispasmodic/Only strengthen the pain/The effect of poison attack fights,Can be used to present concern.charlotte/epilepsy/twitching/In the tuyere slanting/hemiplegia/tetanus/Rheumatism WanBi/Treatment of migraine and poison bite, etc.Many readers of rheumatism and arthritis friends heard the centipede bubble wine folk prescription to cure disease,Although is corresponding with its medicinal theory,But the centipede is toxic,Don't know how to compatibility will be poisoning or even death!

　　杨璞 整理

Yang Pu finishing