霾、沙尘从哪里来？它们给空气带来啥影响？昨日，西安市环境监测站副站长孙玉琪从专业角度解答了市民的疑惑。

haze/Dust come from?What they bring to the air?yesterday,Xi 'an environmental monitoring station vice standing ChangSunYuQi from professional Angle to solve the public doubts.

雾、霾、沙尘分别是啥 The fog/haze/Sand is what, respectively

　　雾，是低层水汽发生过饱和凝结而成的气象现象，多呈乳白色，大多在下半夜形成，清晨日出前最浓，日出后渐渐消散。

The fog,Is supersaturated happened low-level moisture condenses meteorological phenomenon,More white,Are mostly formed in the wee hours,Have the morning before sunrise,Dissipated after sunrise.

　　霾，当大量极细微的干尘等颗粒均匀地浮游在空中，造成空气混浊，使水平能见度小于10千米，并且相对湿度小于或等于80%，这时呈现的天气现象称为霾天气。

haze,When a large number of very small dry dust and other particles evenly suspended in the air,Cause air turbidity,Make the horizontal visibility less than 10 km,And the relative humidity is less than or equal to 80%,Then present the weather phenomenon known as the haze weather.

　　沙尘天气是风将地面尘土、沙粒卷入空中，使空气混浊的一种天气现象的统称。沙尘天气主要分为浮尘、扬沙和沙尘暴三类。3月西安出现的沙尘天气属于“扬沙”。

Sand and dust weather is the wind will be the ground the dust/The sand into the air,Make the air turbidity of a weather phenomenon.Dust weather are mainly divided into dust/Three classes of flying sand and sandstorms.In march a dust weather belongs to xi 'an"Janez jansa".

雾、霾、沙尘有啥坏影响 The fog/haze/The dust have what bad influence

　　和雾相比，霾是空气遭受污染的产物，主要成分就是PM2.5，是导致霾天气的元凶。出现霾天气时，微粒直径越小，对健康危害越大。因为特小微粒可直接侵入人体，引发疾病。而沙尘带来的是较大颗粒PM10，沙尘粒径大，化学成分相对简单，对人体的健康危害相对较小。

Compared with the fog,Haze is a product of the air is polluted,Main ingredients is PM2.5,Is the culprit of haze weather.Haze weather,The smaller the particle diameter,The greater the damage to health.Because of very small particles can directly into the body,Cause disease.The dust is brought about by the larger PM10 particles,Sand and dust particle size big,Chemical composition is relatively simple,The health hazards of human body is relatively small.

雾霾从哪儿来 The fog haze where you come from

　　近几年，大颗粒物(PM10)的污染已逐渐减小，造成雾霾天的主要原因来自生活污染和区域性污染。研究表明：西安本地源的污染占六七成，而郊区和周边连片城市排放的污染输送占三四成。

In recent years,Large particles(PM10)Pollution has been gradually decreased,The main cause of haze days from life pollution and regional pollution.Studies have shown that:Xi 'an local pollution source only six or seven,City suburbs and surrounding shall discharge pollution with only three or four.

　　由于我市地处关中盆地腹地，扩散条件极为不利，加之秦岭山脉对冷空气的阻挡，阻碍大气污染物垂直和水平的扩散。另外，人为排放因素与外来污染，也是我市雾霾形成的原因之一。

Because the city is located in the hinterland of the guanzhong basin,Spread very adverse conditions,Combined with the qinling mountains to block the cold air,Atmospheric pollutant dispersion in vertical and horizontal.In addition,Man-made emissions factors and external contamination,Is the city one of the causes of the formation of haze.

关中地区细颗粒物为啥集中 The guanzhong area concentration of fine particulate matter is what

　　我省关中地区地处一个狭长的谷带，静风天气多，近年来城市发展中建筑物密集，造成污染不易扩散，容易形成灰霾天气。另外，关中地区大气污染源以煤烟、机动车尾气、扬尘一体的复合型污染为主，我省处于快速发展期，加上产业结构偏重，大气污染的排放强度总体上高于全国平均水平。

The guanzhong area in our province is located in a narrow valley,No the weather more than,Buildings in dense urban development in recent years,Contamination is not easy to spread,Easy to form the ash haze weather.In addition,The guanzhong region air pollution by soot/Motor vehicle exhaust/Overall pollution of dust,In the rapid development in our province,And lay particular stress on industry structure,Atmospheric pollution emissions intensity is generally higher than the national average.

空气质量是怎么监测的 How is air quality monitoring

　　目前，西安市环境监测站现有13个国控环境空气质量自动监测子站。分别是：高压开关厂、兴庆小区、纺织城、小寨、草滩、市人民体育场、高新西区、经开区、长安区、阎良区、临潼区、曲江文化产业集团和广运潭。纳入新标准考核的6项污染物分别是PM10、PM2.5、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化碳和臭氧。

At present,Xi 'an environmental monitoring station in 13 countries accused of existing environmental air quality automatic monitoring station.Respectively is:High pressure company (hereafter called sacsc)/Xingqing district/Textile city/A small village/Grass land/The municipal people's stadium/New west end/By the open area/Chang an area/Yan Liangou/Have established/In qujiang cultural industry group and wide pool.Incorporated in the new standard appraisal six pollutant is PM10, respectively/PM2.5/Sulfur dioxide/no2/Carbon monoxide and ozone.

今年1~3月空气质量怎么样 Air quality this year 1 ~ 3 month

　　2013年1月至3月12日期间，受不利气象条件影响我市空气质量污染较为严重，根据新标准，71天中空气质量达到和好于国家二级的天数累计为5天，劣于国家二级标准的天数为66天，其中轻度污染11天、中度污染14天、重度污染16天、严重污染25天。

During January to March 12, 2013,Affected by adverse weather conditions the city air pollution is more serious,According to the new standard,71 days of air quality and good in national level 2 days accumulated for 5 days,Inferior to national secondary standard number of days for 66 days,The light pollution in 11 days/Moderate pollution in 14 days/Severe pollution in 16 days/Serious pollution in 25 days.

西安PM2.5来自哪里 Xi 'an PM2.5 come from

　　PM2.5产生的主要来源，是日常发电、工业生产、汽车尾气排放等过程中经过燃烧而排放的残留物，大多含有重金属等有毒物质，对人体健康危害极为严重。初步分析，机动车尾气、燃煤烟尘、扬尘、工业排放等是我市PM2.5的主要来源，约占77%。其中机动车尾气约占20%～30%，燃煤烟尘约占20%～25%，扬尘约占15%～25%。记者高乐

The major source of PM2.5 produce,Is the daily power generation/Industrial production/Automobile exhaust emissions, etc. After combustion and emissions in the process of residue,Mostly contains heavy metals and other toxic substances,To human body health hazard is very serious.The preliminary analysis,Motor vehicle exhaust/Coal ash/dust/Industrial emissions are the major source of PM2.5 in our city,Accounted for about 77% of.The motor vehicle exhaust accounts for about 20% ~ 30%,Coal soot accounts for about 20% ~ 25%,Dust accounts for about 15% ~ 25%.Reporter high le