5月1日，《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》正式施行。法律条文中对精神病人的诊断治疗、收治住院等等一系列的问题作了规定。扬子晚报记者邀请南京专家解读新法。

5月1日,[The mental health law of the People's Republic of China]The formal implementation of.Law of diagnosis and treatment of mental patients/Admitted in the hospital, and so on a series of problems for the rules.Yangzi evening news reporter asked the nanjing experts to interpret the law.

　A、解读新法： A/Interpretation of the law:

　　心理咨询师禁治疗精神障碍 Psychological consultant禁treatment精神障碍

　　新法规定，心理咨询人员不得从事心理治疗或者精神障碍的诊断、治疗；发现接受咨询的人员可能患有精神障碍，应当建议其到合法的医疗机构就诊。否则，将被处以警告，并处5000元至10000元罚款，没收非法所得。如造成严重后果，责令暂停半年以上一年以下执业活动，直至吊销执业证书或营业执照。

新法规定,Psychological counseling personnel shall not be engaged in psychological treatment or diagnosis of mental disorder/treatment;Found in counseling may suffer from mental disorders,Should suggest it to the legal medical institutions.otherwise,Will be warned,And be fined 5000 yuan to 10000 yuan,Confiscate the illegal income.If serious consequences are caused,Shall be ordered to suspend under six months to a year of practice activities,Practice certificate or business license until revoked.

　　袁勇贵（东南大学附属中大医院心理精神科主任、中华医学会心身医学分会秘书长）：现在形形色色的心理咨询机构层出不穷，其从业人员的素质也是良莠不齐，有些所谓的心理咨询师甚至连精神分裂症都看，容易耽误患者的病情。而根据《精神卫生法》，心理咨询人员只能为一些有心理问题的健康人群提供咨询服务，否则就可能涉及到“非法行医”。即便是专门从事心理治疗的人员也不得从事精神障碍的诊断，有这个权限的只有精神科医师。

袁勇贵(Southeast university affiliated zhongda hospital psychological, director of the psychiatry/Secretary-general of the Chinese medical association branch of psychosomatic medicine):Now all kinds of psychological consulting institutions emerge in endlessly,The staff's quality is good and bad are intermingled,Some of the so-called psychological consultant even schizophrenia,Easy to keep the patient.According to the[Mental health law],Psychological consultant can only provide some healthy people with psychological problems consulting services,Otherwise it may be involved"Illegal medical practice".Even specialized personnel engaged in psychological treatment shall not be engaged in the diagnosis of mental disorder,Have the authority only by psychiatrists.

非伤害性精神障碍住院需自愿 Non damaging disorder in hospital should be voluntary

　　新法规定，精神障碍患者住院治疗实行自愿原则。自愿住院治疗的精神障碍患者可以随时要求出院，医疗机构应当同意。

新法规定,People with mental disorders in the hospital treatment carried out on voluntary basis.自愿住院treatmentthe精神障碍患者可以随when要求出院,A medical institution shall agree.

　　袁勇贵：依据法律，精神障碍患者可以拒绝做精神障碍的鉴定检查、可以拒绝住院、入院的可以随时要求出院。即便是其他科室住院的病人需要精神科医生会诊，精神科医生在会诊之前必须明确告知身份，并取得患者本人和家属的同意才能进行。

袁勇贵:According to the law,People with mental disorders mental disorders identification can refuse to do inspection/Can refuse to hospital/入院the可以随when要求出院.Even if other department need psychiatric patients in the hospital the doctor consultation,Psychiatrists must inform status before consultation,And obtain the consent of the patients themselves and their families.

　　只有诊断结论、病情评估表明，就诊者为严重精神障碍患者并有下列情形之一的，应当对其实施住院治疗：（一）已经发生伤害自身的行为，或者有伤害自身的危险的，如自残、自杀等；（二）已经发生危害他人安全的行为，或者有危害他人安全的危险的，如拦车、抢劫、砍人等等。患者才能被强制收住入院，现在的提法叫做“非自愿住院”。

只有诊断结论/Evaluations show that,Issued for severe mental disorders and any of the following circumstances,Shall be imposed in the hospital treatment:(a)Behavior has hurt itself,Or are in danger of harm themselves,Such as self-harm/Suicide, etc.;((2))Already ACTS endangering the safety of others,Or endanger the safety of others,Such as pulled up/robbery/Chop down a person, and so on.Patients can be forced to hospitalize,Now called the formulation"Involuntary hospitalization".

B、辨析： B/discrimination:

　　心理咨询师的工作范畴是哪些？ Psychological consultantthe工作范畴是哪些?

　　“心理咨询师”“心理治疗师”和“心理精神科医生”之间的区别到底在哪里？最常见的“心理咨询师”的工作范畴到底是哪些？袁勇贵主任告诉记者，区分三者的标准需要辨明概念。“心理咨询师”的“上岗证”由劳工部签发，属于社会工作的范畴，面对的群体是具有心理问题的健康人。“心理治疗师”的执业范围则略有扩大，可以对心理障碍患者进行治疗，但没有药物处方权。“权限”范围最广的还是正规三甲医院的心理精神科医生，执业范围包括了心理咨询师和心理治疗师的所有工作范畴，同时可以针对病人的具体情况开出相应的精神治疗药物。

"Psychological consultant""A therapist"and"Psychological psychiatrists"Where is the difference between what?The most common"Psychological consultant"What is the job category?Yuan Yonggui director told reporters,Distinguish between the three standard need to discern."Psychological consultant"the"Working certificate"Issued by the department of labor,Belongs to the category of social work,Face the group is a psychological problem of healthy people."A therapist"Scope of practice is slightly enlarged,Can treatment of psychological disorders,But there is no drug ChuFangQuan."permissions"The most widely or regular 3 armour hospital psychiatric mental doctor,Scope includes psychological counselors and therapists all job categories,同when可以针对病人the具体情况开出相应the精神treatment药物.

心理疏导和心理治疗有啥区别？ Psychological counseling and psychotherapy have what distinction?

　　“‘有了心病找医生’之前，还得确认一下自己到底是心理问题还是心理障碍。”袁勇贵主任向记者举了两个例子，“被一桩窝心事儿堵了两天，发现自己出现‘一蹶不振’的情况，便属于心理问题，可以找心理咨询师进行‘话聊’来疏导。但从小吃鱼被卡，长大后再也不敢吃鱼，这样的情况便属于心理障碍。”至于不少年轻人都会碎碎念的“强迫症”，属心理障碍范畴,这个时候就是“疏导”，只有病理性的精神障碍才能用到“治疗”

"‘Have the heart to find a doctor’before,Still have to confirm their psychological problems or mental disorder."Yuan Yonggui director, told reporters the two examples,"Is a great thing for two days,Find yourself in‘recovered’In the case,It belongs to psychological problems,You can find a psychological consultant‘Words to chat’To channel.But from the snack fish was stuck,When I grow up never eat fish,It belongs to the psychological barriers."For many young people will be twitter"Obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd",Psychological disorders,这个when候就是"channel",Can only use pathological mental disorders"treatment"

　　通讯员 吴叶青 程守勤

通讯员 吴叶青 程守勤

　　扬子晚报记者 杨甜子

扬子晚报记者 杨甜子