近日，国家发展改革委、新闻出版总署、教育部联合印发《关于加强中小学教辅材料价格监管的通知》，要求从2012年秋季学期开始，对中小学生使用的主要教辅材料实行政府指导价管理，以大幅降低价格标准，减轻学生教辅材料经济负担。

recently，The national development and reform commission、Press and publication administration、Jointly issued by the ministry of education《Primary and middle school teaching auxiliary material price on strengthening the regulation of the notice》，Request from 2012 fall semester began，For small and medium-sized students to use the main teaching assistant materials practice guided by the government management，To slash prices standards，To reduce the economic burden assistant teaching materials。

　　这是继今年2月教育部发布《关于加强中小学教辅材料使用管理工作的通知》之后，有关部门再次发文治理中小学教辅出版物“过多”、“过贵” 乱象。客观而言，对教辅材料实行政府指导价管理，确实可以降低教辅价格，但是这是否能降低学生的经济负担，还很难说。更重要的是，价格管理，可能进一步确立“官方教辅”的地位，这就使教辅有更合理的理由进校园。

This is the February release of ministry of education《On strengthening the management of primary and middle school teaching auxiliary materials use the notice》after，Relevant departments over primary and middle school teaching auxiliary publications postings again“Too much”、“Is too expensive” mess。Objective in，The government pricing for assistant teaching material management，Really can reduce price teaching assistants，But whether this will reduce the economic burden of the students，Is hard to say。More important is，Price management，May further establish“The official reference”position，This makes a more reasonable teaching assistants reason into campus。

　　目前政府部门治理教辅乱象的基本逻辑是，对教辅材料进行评议推荐，获得推荐的教辅进入教辅目录，校方可按目录对学生进行推荐，学生根据学校的推荐自愿购买。按照这一逻辑，获得评议推荐的教辅，将按照政府指导价定价，由此也就可以降低学生的负担。

The government department management assistant teaching the basic logic is a mess，Assistant teaching materials to review recommended，Get the recommended teaching assistant into teaching assistant directory，The school can by directory to the students is recommended，Students according to the school to buy recommended voluntary。According to this logic，Get the recommended assistant teaching evaluation，Will be in accordance with the guided by the government pricing，It also can reduce the burden of the students。

　　这一逻辑是很完美的，可是，实现这一逻辑，需要各环节完全从学生利益出发，高度自觉、遵纪守法。如果某一环节出现问题，就可能完全变样。比如，学生根据学校的推荐自愿购买，变成了自愿名义下的强制购买，这就可能为之前的评议推荐变身为强制购买创造条件。事实上，近年来政府部门反复发文要求学校不能“强制或变相强制学校或学生购买教辅材料、不按规定代购、从代购教辅材料中收取回扣”，可还是有不少学校、个人违规。而这正是治理教辅乱象的最难之处。

The logic is perfect，but，To achieve this logic，Need each link completely from the student interests，Highly self-conscious、law-abiding。If a link problems，May can flip upside down。For example，Students according to the school to buy recommended voluntary，Into voluntary name of forced purchase，This may be for the comments before changes as mandatory purchase recommended creates the condition。In fact，In recent years the government repeatedly asked schools can't postings“Compulsory or in disguised form school or students buy compulsory assistant teaching materials、Don't buy on sb by the regulation、Purchasing assistant teaching materials from a commission rebates”，Can still has many schools、Personal illegal。And this is the most difficult management teaching assistant in the mess。

　　如果能管住强制或变相强制购买，教辅的问题其实就解决了大半。因为如果完全根据学生自愿原则，学生（及家长）就有可能根据价格和自身的需求，根本不购买教辅。而假如强制或变相强制问题不解决，单本教辅书的价格降低了，但有关利益方，是可以通过向学生多推荐几本教辅来实现自己的利益目标的，诸如以前“推荐”3本，每本20元，现在每本定价12元，则向同学“推荐”5本。结果是，学生经济负担没减轻，学业负担反而加重了。而且，对于这种情况，很多家长或会理解：花同样的钱，现在给孩子买了更多的教辅材料，可让孩子多学一些。

If can take control in disguised form or mandatory purchase compulsory，Assistant teaching problems actually solved half。Because if completely according to the student voluntarily，students（And parents）May according to the price and their own needs，Don't buy teaching assistant。And if in disguised form or compulsory enforcement problem is solved，This reference book single prices lower，But interested parties，The students to recommend a few this reference to realize their interest of the target，Before such as“recommend”3 the，This $20 per，Now every this pricing 12 yuan，To students is“recommend”5 the。The result is，The students didn't reduce the economic burden，Learning load aggravate。and，To this kind of circumstance，Many parents or will understand：Spend the same money，Now give children bought more assistant teaching materials，Can let the child to learn more。

　　那么，怎样管住强制和变相强制购买呢？以笔者之见，就是不搞什么评议推荐，规定任何教辅材料都不能进校园，而由学生（家长）自行到市场购买。对此，有关部门会担心，粗制滥造的教辅会侵犯购买者的利益，因此，要介入控制教辅的质量。这其实是越俎代庖。如果教辅的出版质量有问题，这有出版方面的法律法规制约；至于教辅的内容质量，那应是市场自由竞争的结果。其实，就是包括教材的编写，也应走市场路线，不能由行政操控，以防由此导致权力寻租，形成教材编写、出版、发行、使用的利益链。

so，How to control force and covert mandatory purchase？Based on the author opinion，Just don't make what appraisal recommended，Any reference materials are not provisions into campus，And by the students（parents）To market to buy。this，The relevant departments will be worried，Teaching assistants of poorly infringes the purchaser's interests，so，The quality of the teaching assistant in control。This is actually do it for someone else。If the publication of the assistant teaching quality to have a problem，This is publishing the laws and regulations of the restriction；As for the contents of the assistant teaching quality，That should be the result of free competition market。In fact，Is including the compilation of the teaching material，Also should walk market route，Not by administrative control，In case which led to power rent-seeking，Form compiling teaching materials、published、issue、Use of the interests of the chain。

　　还有舆论担心家长的不理性，让一些劣质教辅大行其道。这就要改革考试评价制度，来让家长回归理性了。需要注意的，按照上述通知的精神，将由价格主管部门牵头，对择优评议公告的教辅材料，按照出版发行平均成本和合理利润，制定指导价格标准。也就是说，只对推荐评议的主要教辅材料实行政府指导定价，对于那些没有列入推荐评议，在市场上自行销售的教辅，是不按政府指导定价的，如果家长不理性，这些教辅不照样大行其道吗？

And public opinion of the parents worry about not rational，Let some inferior tutors are popular。This is about to reform the evaluation system，To allow parents to return to reason。Needs to pay attention，According to the above notice of the spirit，Will the pricing department lead，According to the teaching assistant materials evaluation announcement，According to published the average cost and reasonable profit，Make the guiding price standards。That is，Only the main teaching assistant to recommend evaluation materials a government guidance pricing，For those who were not included in the recommended appraisal，In the market by the sales assistant teaching，Is not in the government guidance pricing，If parents do not rational，These tutors not so popular？

　　从根本上说，教辅材料满天飞，主要源于我国的应试教育体系，这一体系要求学生进行题海战术训练，以提高应试能力。所以，在不少家长看来，教辅材料是多多益善，“宁滥无缺”——万一材料中有一道题考试时正好考到，这不就特值吗？

fundamentally，Assistant teaching material all over the place，Mainly comes from our country should try education system，The system requirements for training students exams tactics，In order to improve test capabilities。so，In many parents look，Assistant teaching material is the more the better，“Better without the abuse”--one thousand materials have a problem when the exam just to test，It's not just especially value？

　　因此，治理教辅问题，必须针对根源，不然，通知一道又一道，家庭的经济负担和孩子们的学习负担却可能日益沉重。（作者系21世纪教育研究院副院长）

so，Management assistant teaching problems，Must according to root，otherwise，A and a notice，Economic burden of the family and children's learning burden but may increasingly heavy。（The author is vice President of the 21 st century education institute）