长江商报消息

The Yangtze river business news

　　本报评论员 朱昌俊

This newspaper commentator Zhu Changjun

　　上海异地高考已经基本确定。据悉，持上海《居住证》A证即国内人才引进类居住证的来沪务工人员，其子女可以在沪参加中高考；持《居住证》C证即一般居住证人员的随迁子女，只能参加全日制普通中等职业学校自主招生考试。

Shanghai beyond the college entrance examination has been basically determined.It is understood,Held in Shanghai[Residence permit]A card that is domestic talent introduction class come to migrant workers in Shanghai residence permit,Their children can attend ZhongGaoKao in Shanghai;a[Residence permit]C card or residence permit personnel trailing children in general,Can only to attend full-time secondary vocational school the recruitment of students test independently.

　　上海的异地高考草案踩着政策的“大限”到来，却并没有给公众带来想象中的欣慰。草案虽然从表面上对板结的户籍准入制度作了松动，但仍是依照以前的人口管理制度作出的微调。将居住证的等级划分转换到异地高考的门槛设置上，还是带有以歧视对抗歧视的意味，离公平权利的赋予仍有相当距离。难怪有家长感叹，“刚脱离了户籍限制，又捆绑上了居住证的限制”。

Shanghai draft on the policy of university entrance examination for long distance"deadline"arrival,Comfort is not giving the public imagination.Although on the face of the draft made loose the harden household access system,But is still made in accordance with the previous population management system.Divide the level of residence into different set the threshold of the college entrance examination,Or a subtle discrimination against discrimination,There are still quite a distance away from the fair right to give.No wonder there are parents,"Just out of the hukou restrictions,And he bundled up residence permit limits".

　　值得注意的是，上海市出台的草案，只能体现上海一方的意志，并没有更高层级的改革统筹。这种单兵突进，恰好放大了异地高考改革由来已久的症结。实际上，以学籍为报考条件，正是教育部门在推行改革时的主要标准，这一标准在目前条件下也契合了非户籍地家长的期许。据相关报道，2011年10月，由非北京籍家长共同起草的《随迁子女输入地高考方案》中，主要建议就是依据学籍和父母常住地等标准确定报考资格。

It is worth noting,Shanghai's draft,Can only reflect the will of a party in Shanghai,Not the reform of the higher level as a whole.This solo dash,Just magnified beyond the college entrance examination reform has a long history.In fact,To one's status as a student to enter oneself for an examination conditions,Which is the main standard education sector in the reform,This criterion under the condition of current also accorded with the registered parents' expectations.According to the reports,In October 2011,Drafted jointly by the beijing-based parent[Trailing children input fields for the college entrance examination scheme]In the,Key recommendations is based on one's status as a student and parents such as local standards determine to enter oneself for an examination.

　　这一标准在非净流入地区得到了执行，为何上海会曲线“突破”，其实指出了异地高考改革中的另一层问题：教育资源分配。谈到异地高考改革，公众的关注重心多放在了户籍制度上，但户籍制度背后的资源分配差异却是更加直接的问题，户籍地居民的反对立场就是建基于优质教育资源之上。所以，像京沪广这样的教育资源大省，如果不同时进行高考制度上的改革，如改现行的计划招生体制为高校的自主招生，取消招生的地属指标，要么，改革无实质成效；要么，改革难以真正启动。

This standard in the net area is carried out,Why Shanghai will curve"breakthrough",It points out the different ground another layer of problems in the college entrance examination reform:Education resource allocation.When it comes to long-distance college entrance examination reform,Public attention focuses on the household registration system,But differences behind the hukou system of resource allocation is more immediate problems,Registered permanent residents of the opposition is based on high quality education resources.so,Like Beijing, the provincial education resources,If you don't on the college entrance examination system reform at the same time,Such as change the current planned admissions system for autonomous enrolment of colleges and universities,Cancel admission to index,either,Reform without substantial results;either,Reform is difficult to really start.

　　像上海这样的异地高考方案最终远离公众期待，其实是提供了一个改革的负样本。京沪广之所以是异地高考改革的重点区，恰是因为其所包含的改革任务最重，如户籍制度更严，户籍制度背后的资源差别效应更明显，遭遇阻力最大并不足为奇。相应地，其需要的改革动力就必然比其他地方大。如果没有更高一级和更全面的改革政策统筹，单凭自身之力，显然难以完成。值得警惕的是，这些地方的阻力最大，也就意味着它应对改革的方案可能会更多，如果这些应对方案变成了以后另一种需要改革的对象，这样的改革自难称完满。

Like Shanghai beyond the university entrance exam scheme finally away from the public,Is actually provides a reform of negative sample.Beijing is different the focus of the college entrance examination reform areas,Just because it contains the reform of the heaviest task,Such as the household registration system is more strict,The hukou system resources behind the difference effect more apparent,Resistance and biggest surprise.accordingly,Its power is bound to need reform is bigger than elsewhere.If you don't have a higher and more comprehensive reform policy as a whole,By force of its own,Obviously is hard to finish.Is alarming,The maximum resistance in these places,Also means that it deals with reform scheme may be more,If after these responses into another object needs reform,Such reforms since the difficult according to completion.

　　明晰此点，改革应该首先要排除观念上的歧视和应对思维，回到更加务实的行动上来。如对改革方案的成效是否作过预期？有多少随迁子女能够享受这项改革福利？对流入地造成哪些具体的影响？改革如何在一个可持续的改革轨道中推进？高考招生制度的改革阻力又来自哪？这些都需要有事先考量。应该明确，异地高考改革本质上是指向社会的整体公平，为了这个目标，能够带来改革增量的，改革不能避免被触及的，都要及早进行统筹。越往后，或者是容忍半成品改革，不但会使改革的阻力更大，也会制造新的改革问题。

Clear this point,Reform should first to eliminate discrimination of the concept and thinking,Return to a more pragmatic actions.Such as whether reform results were expected?How many trailing children can enjoy the welfare reform?What are the specific effects on the defined?Reform on how to advance in a sustainable reform track?Resistance and from which the reform of college entrance examination admission system?These all need to have account in advance.Should be clear,Beyond the college entrance examination reform is essentially a pointing to the overall social justice,To this end,Can bring incremental reform,Reform cannot avoid being hit,Will be made as early as possible as a whole.The more in the future,Or stand for reform,Not only can make the reform of greater resistance,Also can make new reform.

　　“人们为了生活来到城邦，为了更好的生活留在城邦。”这是现代化的必然趋势，也是公民基于基本权利的底线要求。于此，需要以更长远和历史的眼光来看待今日的改革行动，不能以改革之名制造新的改革问题，改革越彻底，它之于社会的公平增量就越深刻，而公平的庇佑，从来不分你我。

"People in order to come to city life,In order to better life in cities."This is the inevitable trend of modernization,Citizens also based on the requirement of basic rights of the bottom line.In this,Need to further action and historical view of today's reform,Not in the name of reform made new reform,The more thorough reform,It is to the social fair increment is the more profound,The fair's blessing,Never regardless of you and me.