新华社“新华视点”记者 许晓青、仇逸、赵仁伟

The xinhua news agency“Xinhua viewpoint”Reporter XuXiaoQing、QiuYi、ZhaoRenWei

　　备受瞩目的“异地高考”改革日前传出新消息：教育部有关负责人透露，关于进城务工人员子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试的意见已进入实质阶段，将适时发布。

high-profile“Different ground the university entrance exam”A new news out reform：A head of the ministry of education said，About migrant workers receive compulsory education in children attend the entrance examination after the opinion has entered the stage of essence，Will release。

　　呼吁多年的异地高考政策会有哪些内容？新华社“新华视点”记者了解到，新政策或许只是一些原则性要求，具体措施仍由地方根据实际情况另行制订。

Calls for years of college entrance examination different policies can have what content？The xinhua news agency“Xinhua viewpoint”The reporter understands，The new policy may be just some of the requirements of principle，Specific measures by the local still according to actual condition will be stipulated separately。

异地高考：百姓呼声越来越高 Different ground the university entrance exam：People growing calls

　　“读书的政策总是会变的，而且相信会变得越来越好。”一度作为中国农民工形象的代表登上美国《时代》周刊的深圳女农民工肖红霞对自己的儿子这样说。

“Reading policy will be always，And believe will become more and more good。”Once the image of Chinese workers as a representative to the United States《era》The shenzhen female migrant workers weekly XiaoGongXia told his son said。

　　与许多农民工一样，从进城务工的那一刻起，肖红霞就梦想自己的孩子跟随自己在工作所在城市完成小学、初中、高中的学业，最终参加高考。不过曾经“铁板一块”的户籍政策并不允许这样做。

And many of the workers，From the moment the town to work，XiaoGongXia wanted to their children in the city to follow his work to complete primary school、Junior high school、High school，End attend the university entrance exam。But once“Iron plate a piece of”The census register of policy is not permitted to do so。

　　自从恢复高考制度以来，国家规定考生只能在户籍地参加高考，各大学在各省区市按名额录取。然而这些年来，数以亿计的进城务工人员，开始“撼动”学籍加户籍的高考管理制度。

Since the university entrance exam system recovery since，State regulations in assess candidates can only sit for the college entrance examination，Universities in the provincial quota according to admit。But over the years，Hundreds of millions of migrant workers，Began to“shake”The registered permanent residence of the university entrance exam student status and management system。

　　最近一次全国人口普查显示，我国进城务工人员总量已达2.6亿，其中跨市进城务工人员总量2.2亿。因而，进城务工人员随迁子女在流入地求学已成为亿万人的呼声。

A recent national population census shows，The total amount of rural migrant workers in China has reached 260 million，Among them KuaShi migrant workers total 220 million。so，Migrant workers SuiQian children study has become defined in the voice of the one hundred million people。

　　2008年7月，国务院常务会议提出切实解决好进城务工人员随迁子女就学问题。从这一年起，随迁子女的义务教育“以流入地为主，公办学校为主”的解决方案开闸。

July 2008，The standing committee of state council put forward and actually resolve of rural migrant workers SuiQian children's schooling。From this year，SuiQian children's obligation education“Give priority to with defined，Public school as”Actually the solutions。

　　更大的问题是，义务教育后如何升学，特别是异地高考。那些自2008年起已在享受义务教育的孩子，正逐步进入高考年龄段，他们已经等待不起。

The bigger question is，Compulsory education how bound，Especially different ground the university entrance exam。Those since 2008 has set up a file in the education children enjoy obligations，Is gradually entered the university entrance exam age，They can't afford to have been waiting。

　　2009年起，全国两会上就有代表委员提出“异地高考”建议，2011年3月，教育部部长袁贵仁在列席全国两会时表示，教育部目前正在和上海、北京研究，逐步推进异地高考。2012年3月，异地高考方案有望年内出台的消息，再度成为两会焦点。

Since 2009，The two meetings have representatives put forward“Different ground the university entrance exam”suggest，March 2011，The ministry of education minister yuan guiren indicated in the two meetings to attend said，The ministry of education is currently and Shanghai、Beijing research，To promote the gradual different ground the university entrance exam。March 2012，Different scheme on the introduction of the university entrance exam is expected to years news，Once again become the focus two meetings。

　　应该说，异地高考是改革开放以来大范围触动城乡不同利益人群的一个两难命题。支持者认为，突破户籍制度的桎梏，推行高考同城待遇，将实现更公平、更合理的教育资源分配，是“有教无类”的理想写照。反对者担忧，异地高考的政策松动，会带来一系列新问题，譬如大城市人口进一步膨胀、本地与外来生源利益失衡等。

Should say，Different ground the university entrance exam is since the reform and opening up big range of different interests of the urban and rural touches people a dilemma proposition。Supporters think，Break the shackles of the household registration system，Implementation of the university entrance exam city treatment，Will achieve more fair、The more reasonable education resource allocation，is“No child left behind”Ideal portraiture。Opponents worry，Foreign policy of the university entrance exam is loose，Will bring a series of new problems，Such as the population of big cities further expansion、Local and foreign students benefit imbalance, etc。

个别省市探路，京沪审慎行事 Scout individual provinces and cities，Beijing-shanghai prudent act

　　今年早些时候，山东、福建等省相继出台异地高考试点方案。山东省将从2014年起稳步推进，规定凡在省内高中段有完整学习经历的非户籍考生均可就地（即就学高中段学校所在地）报名参加高考，并与本省考生享受同等的录取政策。

Earlier this year，shandong、Fujian province have issued different ground the university entrance exam pilot plan。The shandong province since 2014 steadily，Stipulating that section has complete high school in the province of the learning experience of census register on-site exam takers（Which school for high school school seat）Enrolled in the university entrance exam，And with this province examinee admitted to enjoy the same policy。

　　不过，具有代表意义的北京和上海，“有关方案”仍在酝酿之中。

but，Representative meaning of Beijing and Shanghai，“Relevant solutions”Still in the brewing。

　　北京市教育部门有关人士近日对记者说，当地一直就异地高考政策问题进行研究，目前尚无结果。异地高考是涉及随迁子女“小升初”“初升高”及高考全流程在内的系统性改革。

Beijing municipal education department officials recently told reporters，Local has always been different ground the university entrance exam policy issues for research，At present there is no results。Different ground the university entrance exam is involved in SuiQian children“after”“Rise early”And the whole process of the university entrance exam, systematic reform。

　　上海市教委主任薛明扬在今年早些时候表示，正在酝酿的异地高考方案，涉及高考指标、技术操作等环节，还要放大到进城务工人员的社会管理和公共资源配置等领域进行统筹协调。

Director of the Shanghai municipal education commission XueMingYang earlier this year said，The university entrance exam is brewing different scheme，Involving the university entrance exam index、Technology such as the operation link，Also amplified to migrant workers social management and public resource allocation and overall coordination of the field。

　　审慎行事的背后，是一个不得不面对的现实。目前，北京常住人口已达1900多万，上海更是达到2300万人。作为中国最大的人口流入地，同时也是教育资源最发达的地区，京沪针对进城务工人员随迁子女的“异地高考”政策，将“牵一发而动全身”。

Prudent act behind，Is a have to face the reality。At present，Beijing permanent population has reached more than 1900，Shanghai is up to 23 million people。As China the biggest defined population，At the same time is also the most developed area of education resources，The beijing-shanghai for migrant workers SuiQian children“Different ground the university entrance exam”policy，will“One change makes all change”。

　　北京理工大学教授杨东平分析，在明显的城乡差距和大城市人口压力下，相关改革应做好充分准备，包括冲击部分当地生源利益时该怎么办？

Beijing university of technology professor YangDongPing analysis，In between the rural and urban areas and the obvious the population of big cities under pressure，Relevant reforms should be well prepared，Include impact some local students interests do？

　　教育部门表示，改革涉及教育和升学资源的再分配，不同户籍学生的利益，将会通盘考虑。

Education department said，Involved in education and reform the redistribution of entrance resources，Different census register the interests of the students，Will take everything into consideration。

“异地考、异地录”或将成现实 “Different ground test、Different ground to record”Or will into reality

　　针对“异地高考”相关政策，教育部日前会同国家发改委、公安部、人力资源和社会保障部研究制订了《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》。

According to“Different ground the university entrance exam”Related policy，The ministry of education recently in conjunction with the national development and reform commission、The ministry of、Human resources and social security to research and develop《The preparation for migrant workers receive compulsory education SuiQian children attend the entrance examination in the opinion of the work》。

　　权威人士分析，将根据不同城市的功能定位、产业结构布局、城市资源承载能力和进城务工人员及其随迁子女有关情况，因地制宜确定进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试的具体条件，制定具体办法。

Authorities analysis，According to the function of the city will be different location、Distribution of industry structure、City resources carrying capacity HeJinCheng work personnel and SuiQian children the situation，Adjust measures to local conditions sure migrant workers receive compulsory education SuiQian children attend the entrance examination in the specific conditions，Formulate specific measures。

　　记者从京沪教育部门了解到，异地高考一旦“开闸”，将实现“异地考、异地录”，但这一改革可能是渐进式的，各地将以不同方式进行调节，例如参考家长在务工城市工作及生活情况等。

Reporters from beijing-shanghai education department to understand，Different ground the university entrance exam once“actually”，Will achieve“Different ground test、Different ground to record”，But this may be a reform of progressive，Cities will be adjusted in different ways，For example the reference work in the city and parents life, etc。

　　根据“因地制宜”原则，山东、福建等地已公布的标准，以“学生高中段完整的学习经历”为条件。上海正在酝酿的方案，在原则上拟参考随迁子女家长即进城务工人员的情况而定，例如家长在上海有固定的工作岗位，交纳了社会保险等。

According to“Adjust measures to local conditions”principle，shandong、Fujian province published standards，to“Students complete high school section of the learning experience”As the condition。Shanghai are brewing scheme，In reference to SuiQian children parents in principle that the migrant workers depends，Such as parents have fixed in Shanghai jobs，Pay the social insurance, etc。

　　一些参与制订政策的京沪专家分析，参照目前我国一些大城市居住证申领的“积分制”。异地高考门槛也很可能与随迁子女家长的“积分”挂钩，此外，高职、专科、本科，分梯度推进招生录取的可能性也很大。

Some in the beijing-shanghai policy expert analysis，With reference to some of the big cities in China at present for residence permit“JiFenZhi”。Beyond the threshold of the university entrance exam is also likely to SuiQian with the parents of the children“integral”hook，In addition，Higher vocational、Specialized subject、Bachelor degree，Points of the possibility of gradient enrollment is very big also。

　　也有业内人士担忧，各地方案推行后，一些大城市有可能通过某些限制条件将进城务工人员子女挡在门外。

Also have the professional concerns，Implementation scheme after all，Some big cities have may through some restrictions conditions will migrant workers to stand in the children outside。

　　杨东平认为，异地高考是一个“知易行难”的问题，理论和实际一定存在落差，这一改革不可能一蹴而就。

YangDongPing think，Different ground the university entrance exam is a“Easier said than done”problems，Theory and practical must exist gap，This reform may not come easily。

　　复旦大学社会学系教授于海认为，异地高考的制度设计是以户籍改革与发展为依托的，可能会要求进城务工人员满足一定条件。从长远看，解决这一难题，通过“分类考试，综合评价，多元录取”的高考改革，形成面向广大随迁子女的、更加多元化的社会流动渠道。

Fudan university, professor at the society that sea，Different ground the university entrance exam system design is based on census register for the reform and development of relying on，May ask migrant workers meet certain conditions。In the long run，To solve this difficult problem，Through the“Classification test，Comprehensive evaluation，Multiple admitted”College entrance examination reform，Facing the SuiQian form children、More diverse community of flow channel。