暑假来了，小候鸟们的“危险”也来了。

Summer vacation to the，Small migratory birds of the“dangerous”Also come。

　　7月2日、18日、19日，连续有3名少年在广州市海珠区石榴岗水闸附近的河涌溺亡，而且他们都是外来工子女。居住环境恶劣、父母无暇照看、因意外死亡的“候鸟儿童”屡见报端。

July 2,、18、19，There are three consecutive young in guangzhou sea bead area pomegranate the nearby river flood gate or die，And they are migrant workers in children。Bad living environment、Nurturing parents look after、Because of the accidental death“Migratory birds children”Often see made public。

　　全球儿童安全组织的数据显示，夏季是儿童意外伤害的高发期，外来工子女则是高危人群。在上海，外来民工学龄子女因意外伤害死亡人数远远高于本市儿童。

Global child safety organization figures show，Summer is children's accident harm almost two decades，Migrant workers children are at higher risk。In Shanghai，Migrant workers school-age children because accident harm the death toll is much higher than the children of this city。

　　

个案 case

　　

父母无暇小鬼当家 Nurturing parents carol masters

　　暑期来临，不少来自河南、江西、四川和湖南等地的少年们，南下广东与父母团聚。

Summer coming，Many from henan、jiangxi、Sichuan and hunan of teenagers，South guangdong reunited with their parents。

　　记者走访了广州市天河区、海珠区多个城中村，随处可见少年们追逐打闹。孩子们反映，到了城里，父母没时间陪伴自己，只好自己照顾自己。

The reporter interviewed guangzhou tianhe district、Hai more villages，Everywhere teenagers chase scenes。Children are reflected，To the town，Parents didn't time with，Had to take care of themselves。

　　来自江西的陆颖只有10岁，皮肤黝黑，扎着马尾辫。她的爸爸妈妈都在广州做工，白天上班去了，家里就只剩下她和6岁的弟弟。“妈妈是钟点工，一天要做九份工，有时根本不回家吃饭，爸爸也在外面忙。”

From the LiuYing in jiangxi province was only ten years old，Dark skin，Firm ponytail,。Her mom and dad are work in guangzhou，The day and went to work，The home she was left alone with 6 year old brother。“Mother is hour Labour，A day to do nine jobs，Sometimes don't go home to have a meal，Father also outside busy。”

　　10岁陆颖“小鬼当家”，还要负责照看弟弟。“我会自己烧饭给他吃，也会给他买一些吃的，还会带他出去玩。”

10 years old LiuYing“Carol masters”，Also took care of her brother。“I'm cooking eat for him，Also can buy him something to eat，Will also take him to go out to play。”

　　这个“小大人”却没啥安全意识，她经常领着弟弟玩捉迷藏，喜欢藏在一些大汽车后面或巷子角落里，她不知道这些地方很危险。

the“grownup”But didn't what safety consciousness，She often took brother play hide and seek，Like hidden in the back alley or some big corner，She did not know that place is very dangerous。

　　

交通混乱安全存患 Traffic chaos, with security deposit

　　留守儿童暑假进城，多是跟着父母住在条件较差的城中村或者工厂里，这些地区往往都是横街窄巷，“握手楼”、“一线天”，交通混乱。

Left-behind children summer break into the city，Many parents live in conditions is to follow a poor villages or factory，These areas are often is indeed a narrow lane，“Handshake floor”、“.then”，Traffic chaos。

　　广州市海珠区瑞宝村是一个典型城中村，记者看到在瑞宝村大街中部，弯多路窄，各种三轮车、拉货小车、手扶拖拉机、摩托车、自行车、行人横穿直行，全挤在一块抢道。

Guangzhou sea bead area red treasure village is a typical villages，The reporter sees in the red treasure village in central avenue，Curved more narrow road，Various tricycle、Pulled goods car、Walking tractor、motorcycle、bicycle、Pedestrians cross goes，All crowded in, getting a piece。

　　住在附近的周文说：“20日，一个5岁小孩突然从巷口蹿出，差些被撞死，幸好司机刹车及时。”

Live in nearby relevant said：“20,，A 5 years old children from the lane that has jumped out suddenly，Sent some were killed，Fortunately, the driver brake in time。”

　　除了瑞宝村，记者在海珠区台涌、天河区棠下、石牌、河水村都看到，很多小孩子都在马路上乱蹿乱跑，菜市场以及批发市场很多摊位的外来工多数都一边工作一边带孩子。

In addition to red treasure village，Reporter in Taiwan chung hai、Tangxia town,、ling、The river village see，A lot of kids in the road up about on the run，Markets and wholesale market many booth are most migrant workers work while the children。

　　广东省第二人民医院急诊科李晓锋告诉记者，暑假期间，急诊外科诊室经常会遇到因车祸导致受伤的儿童。

The second people's hospital emergency department of guangdong province LiXiaoFeng told reporters，During the summer vacation，Emergency surgery clinic often will meet in a car crash injured children。

　　

背着父母跳河嬉水 Carrying parents jump to paddle river

　　在广州市天河区河水村边的沙河涌岸边，两个小男孩光着膀子在水中打闹，还有一个小男孩从陡峭的石阶上冲下来。而离他们不远处有一个“黑洞”，这是一个大冲口水阀，会放出水来。

Guangzhou tianhe district in the river of sha he hobbled horse chung along the shore，Two small boys light arms hitting in the water，There is a little boy from steep stairs rushed down。And they have a far away“Black holes”，This is a flaring saliva valves，Will release water to。

　　这些小孩玩得兴起，完全忽视了河边立着的“严禁游泳、钓鱼”牌子。据路人介绍，在这里玩的孩子很多，父母大多是附近的外来打工人员，没人看管。

These children play with rise，Totally ignore the stands by the river“It is strictly prohibited to swim、fishing”brand。According to the stranger introduced，Here are many children play，Parents are mostly nearby the foreign staff working，No one watch。

　　“我们才不敢跟爸爸妈妈说来这里玩呢，都是偷偷来这里玩，否则要挨打。”一个皮肤黝黑的小男孩调皮地说。孩子们的家长也嘱咐过他们不要到河里玩耍，孩子玩完回家前，通常找一些干树枝、烂树皮点着火，把自己湿透的短裤烘干再回家。“这样回家，就不会被发现去河涌里玩了。”

“We do not dare mum and dad speaking here and play，Are secretly come here to play，Otherwise beaten。”A dark skin boy naughty ground said。The children's parents also charged them not to play in the river，Children playing before the home，Usually find some dry branch、Bad bark a fire，Their wet shorts drying and going home。“This home，They won't be found to playing in the flow。”

　　李晓锋表示，暑假期间，儿童溺水情况明显多了，“6月底，我曾经去海珠土华附近一个城中村救过一名溺水儿童，直到我们离开，溺亡孩子的父母都没能找到。”

LiXiaoFeng said，During the summer vacation，Children from drowning situation much more obvious，“At the end of June，I once went to hiazhu soil near China a villages saved a drowning child，Until we leave，The parents of the children are all dead can't find。”

　　

探因 Agent for

　　

父母监管不到位 Parents regulation is not in place

　　

城乡发展不平衡 Urban and rural development is not balanced

　　李晓锋说：“很多送孩子来就诊的父母，往往都说工作太忙，一时没顾上就出意外，大人无暇照顾是儿童伤害发生的重要原因。”

LiXiaoFeng said：“Many parents send their children to the hospital，Often said work too busy，At that time no regard out on accident，Adult is too busy to take care of children of injuries important reasons。”

　　“导致儿童伤害的发生，一个重要原因就是监护人看护不到位。”全球儿童安全组织中国区首席代表崔民彦说，外来人员的子女发生伤害，往往都是因为 “父母都是双职工，父母两人不得不外出，孩子只能留在家中，从而引发伤害事故”。

“The occurrence of injury in children，One important reason is the guardian in foster care。”Global child safety organization China chief representative CuiMinYan said，Migrant children damage occurred，Often because of “Parents are working，Both parents had to go out，Children can only stay at home，And cause injury accident”。

　　广东省政协委员、暨南大学第一附属医院主任医师李虹认为，对于外来工子女的安全问题，家长要负首要责任。但李虹指出，未成年人暑期意外事故大多数发生在外来工子女身上，也折射出社会对他们的关爱不足以及社会公共服务供给的不平衡。

The Chinese people's political consultative conference, guangdong province、Jinan university first affiliated hospital director doctor LiHong think，For migrant workers in the safety of their children，The parents should be negative primary responsibility。But LiHong points out that，A minor accidents happened in summer most migrant workers on their children，Also reflects social to their concern and a lack of public service supply imbalances。

　　中国心理学会社会心理学委员会全国委员、暨南大学管理学院教授叶茂林指出，由于经济窘迫或受到歧视排斥等原因，外来务工人员通常被挤逼在生活条件、治安条件和安全条件都较差的地方，“来自农村的父母多数都很重视生育孩子，但他们关注‘生’却不重视‘育’，对孩子通常是放羊式管理而疏于管教。”他认为，导致这一矛盾的深层原因源于地区发展不平衡的城乡差距。

Chinese psychological society member of the national committee of social psychology、Jinan university professor YeMaoLin points out that college of management，Because of the economic distress or prejudice such reasons as the rejection，Migrant workers are often squeezed in living conditions、Public security conditions and safety conditions were bad place，“From the rural areas are most parents is very important to bear children，But they focus their attention‘born’Did not pay attention to‘education’，Children often is to flock type management and neglect of discipline。”He thinks，This one contradiction in the deep reasons of the region from unbalanced development gap between urban and rural areas。

　　

子女安全教育 Children safety education

　　

父母责任第一 Parents duty first

　　“都说家是安全的港湾，真的吗？孩子可没大人那么有思想。看看茶几上的暖水瓶吧，厨房里的打火枪吧，床头的台灯吧，书房下的电线吧，卫生间里的马桶盖吧，梳妆台上的化妆笔吧…对，在孩子眼里都是神奇，赶紧去下载这张自查图，看看你家安全吗？”7月10日，全球儿童安全组织发了一条微博，号召家长们自查看看“你家安全”？

“All said home is a safe haven，Really?？The child can't adults have thought so。Look at the tea table of the use of it，In the kitchen, a firearm，The head of a bed, desk lamp，The study of wire it，Toilet closestool inside of it，On the dresser, the makeup of the pen…to，In their eyes are amazing，Go to download this piece of self-examination figure，Look at your home safe？”July 10,，Global child safety organization sent a micro bo，Call for parents self-examination to see see“Your home security”？

　　崔民彦告诉记者，减少儿童伤害、保证儿童安全，关键是预防，“没有‘偶然’的事故，只有可预防的伤害！”她说：“家庭在孩子的安全成长中担任了第一的角色。首先，家是儿童成长的第一环境，我们要为孩子创建安全的环境；其次，父母行为是孩子第一模仿的行为，父母的安全行为会让孩子默默地学会；最后，家长在对孩子的带教中要有意识地融入安全行为的教育。”

CuiMinYan told reporters，Reduce children's damage、Ensure child safety，Key is to prevent，“no‘accidental’accident，Only can prevent damage！”She said：“The family in the child's safety in the growth as the first role。first，Home is the first children's development environment，We want to create a safe environment for the child；second，Parents behavior is the behavior of children first imitation，The safety of the parents will let children learn behavior in silence；finally，Parents of children in the take to teach in a conscious into the behavior of the safety education。”

　　

建议 suggest

　　

政府不应缺位 The government should not vacancy

　　

立法也要跟上 The legislation also want to keep up with

　　李虹认为，外来工子女暑期安全问题需要社会的广泛关注和长期努力，这当中政府是不能缺位的。她注意到，广东省在致力解决这个问题，如2011年7月“爱·大家”首届珠江公益节开展的关爱外来工及其子女“新候鸟计划”。她认为最有效的解决方法是让外来工的子女能跟随着父母上学，不要等到暑假才能相聚。

LiHong think，Migrant workers in summer safety problems need social children wide attention and long-term efforts，This is not the absence of government。She noticed that，Guangdong province in efforts to solve the problem，Such as in July 2011“Love · you”The first section of the pearl river public welfare in love migrant workers and their children“New migratory birds plan”。She thinks the most effective solution is to let the children of migrant workers can follow the parents to go to school，Don't wait until the summer to meet。

　　广州市社会科学院高级研究员彭澎认为必须要走“新型城镇化道路”。只有把企业转移到乡村，吸引农民工回乡打工，他们才能在工作之余还有时间监管孩子。

Guangzhou academy of social sciences, senior researcher PengPeng think must go“New urbanization road”。Only the enterprise to the country transfer，Attract migrant workers to return to work，They can out of work and time supervision children。

　　民间教育专家严凯告诉记者，尽管我国已有未成年人保护法等法律体系，但社会保障制度仍存在很多缺陷。

Folk education experts YanKai told reporters，Although our country for the protection of minors, the law system，But the social security system has many defects。

　　

社会组织出力 Social organization the output

　　

开展志愿服务 Develop volunteer service

　　严凯认为：“关爱外来工子女也需要社会各方力量的积极配合。社会组织要多开设公益项目接纳外来工子女，让孩子在暑期有个安全去处。”

YanKai think：“Love children also need social parties parties cooperate actively with power。Social organizations to open more public project acceptance migrant workers in children，Let the child in a safe place for the summer。”

　　7月11日，华南师范大学历史文化学院团委服务队的队长江晓琳率领26名志愿者走进了石牌村，为当地的外来工子女开办了为期5天的“暑期兴趣班”。

July 11,，South China normal university history culture institute of the communist youth league committee service team with the Yangtze river XiaoLin 26 volunteers into the ling village，The migrant workers for local children started a 5 days“Summer programmes will”。

　　李虹建议，“可以通过教育部门、公益团体、社区单位或企业组织开办免费的暑期临时托管班，给孩子提供安全、固定的学习娱乐场所，并安排人员互相轮流照顾看管，鼓励大学生以及更多社会爱心人士来参与志愿服务。”

LiHong Suggestions，“By education department can、Public interest groups、Community unit or enterprise organization open free summer temporary custody class，Provide your child with security、Fixed learning places of entertainment，And arranging take turns in looking after watch each other，Encourage college students and more social love personage to participate in volunteer service。”

　　 名词 nouns解释 explain

　　农村读书，城里度假。每到放寒暑假时，这些留守儿童就如同“候鸟”般从外地来到在城里打工的父母身边，所以被称为“小候鸟”。(记者 陈强 刘玮宁 实习生 巢文芯 璀璨 王丽华 郑伊伊)

Rural reading，Town on holiday。To put every summer，These left-behind children is like“Migratory birds”From outside the came in a working in parents' side，So called“Small migratory birds”。(Reporter ChenJiang LiuWei better interns nest wen core WangLiHua bright zheng Iraq Iraq)