爬树课哗众取宠还是逃生训练？ Climb a tree class sensationalistic or an evacuation plan？

事件回放 Events playback

　　近日，厦门大学开设爬树课的消息传开后，引起社会的广泛关注。有人认为爬树课有利于逃生技能及灵活性的培养，同时也能达到与大自然亲密接触的目的。有人说现在面临暴雨洪灾等极端天气带来的威胁，就缺这种实用又有趣的课！但也有人质疑，一所名校开这样的课有点哗众取宠，还有家长担心，爬树容易使学生受伤，安全如何保障？

recently，Xiamen university opened the news about climb a tree class，Cause extensive attention of the whole society。Some people think that climb a tree class to escape the training of skills and flexibility，At the same time also can achieve the purpose of nature。Some say heavy rains and flooding are now facing the threat of extreme weather，Lack this practical and interesting lessons！But some question，A school for such a class a little sensationalistic，And parents worry about，Climb a tree to students were injured，How to guarantee the safety？

记者追踪 Reporter tracking

爬树课并非是传统意义的徒手爬树 Climb a tree class is not in the traditional sense unarmed climb a tree

　　厦门大学体育部主任林致诚告诉记者，目前学校已开展了户外拓展训练系列课程、海岛野外生存与定向越野等特色课程，爬树是课程的具体项目之一，已有国外留学归来的专业教师负责执教。

Xiamen university sports director LinZhiCheng told reporters，The university now has carried out the outdoor expand training courses、Island field survival and directional cross-country characteristic of course，Climb a tree is one of the specific projects of the course，For study abroad the return of the professional teachers responsible for coaching。

　　教师骆腾昆告诉记者，在即将开设的爬树课中，需要教给学生借助绳子等工具攀爬树木，在树中上升、旋转等，最终达到自由穿梭的目的。爬树运动并不是网民所说的仅仅是通过徒手爬这一种形式。

The teacher LuoTeng told reporters，At the opening of the lessons in climbing trees，Students need to be taught using tools such as the rope climbing trees，The rise in the tree、And rotated，Finally achieve the purpose of free shuttle。Sport climbing trees and not just by the netizen said unarmed climb this one kind of form。

　　骆腾昆现在所教专业为体育休闲，他说在俄罗斯留学期间，自己专门学习过爬树运动。他认为爬树之所以会成为一种体育运动，是因为人们天生都有攀爬的本能，爬树会激起很多人对于童年的美好回忆。现代人在办公室一坐就是一整天，学生除了学习外，大部分时间是在玩电脑、看动漫，缺的就是运动。而爬树可以锻炼上下肢的运动协调，是一种亲近自然的方式。

LuoTeng now teaches for the professional sports leisure，He said in Russia during the study，His special study to a sport climbing trees。He thinks the climb trees become a sports，Because people have to climb up the natural instinct，Climb a tree may create a lot of people for childhood memories。In a modern office is sitting all day，In addition to the students learning，Most of the time is in the computers、Watch anime，Need is sports。And climb a tree can exercise ShangXiaZhi movement coordination，Is a kind of the closest natural way。

缺少野外运动训练，会导致逃生能力弱化 Lack of field sports training，Can lead to ability to escape weakening

　　厦门市教育科学院体育科主任宋超美说，现在一些中小学放弃了很多体育项目，比如双杠、单杠的一些翻滚动作，体育老师因怕出事，都不敢教，七八十年代学生很容易做到的动作，现在孩子认为很难，所以孩子臂力小，协调能力变差，意志胆量也不如以前。他说，现在学校不敢开一些风险稍大体育项目的原因，与家长的认识也有关，一些家长害怕孩子出事，稍微有点碰伤就找学校理论，这样学校压力很大，也不利于学生的全面发展。

Xiamen education academy of sciences of director of division of sports SongChaoMei said，Now some middle and primary school to give up a lot of sports，Such as parallel bars、Some of the high bar tumbling action，Sports teacher for fear of an accident，All dare not to teach，The s and s the action of students is easy to do，Now children think hard，So small children and arm strength，The coordinated ability becomes poor，Courage will also than before。He said，Now the school can't open some slightly riskier sports reasons，And parents know also the relevant，Some parents fear of children involved in an accident，A little bruise just look for the school theory，So that schools are under a lot of pressure，But also to the all-round development of students。

　　林致诚说，其实很多安全问题就在我们日常生活中，比如在城市或是郊外，如不慎掉到坑里，掌握正确的逃生方法，就能增加脱险的概率；反之，如果缺少相关知识，缺少这方面的运动技能，逃生的概率就大大降低了。

LinZhiCheng said，In fact many security problem in our daily life，For example in the city or the suburb，If they fell into a pit，The right way to escape，You can increase the probability of escape；and，If lack of knowledge，Lack of the motor skills，The probability of escape is greatly reduced。

　　集美大学体育学院教师李刚表示，爬树课能够提升学生综合素质、锻炼大学生的勇气，至于在课程中暗藏的一些危险，这是体育项目常有的，我们需要的是多做安全保障，而不是因噎废食。

Jimei university institute of physical education teacher li gang said，Climb a tree class can improve students' comprehensive quality、Exercise the courage of college students，As for in the course of the hidden dangers，This is the physical education project common，We need to do more security，And not of。

开辟素质拓展实践教育的新模式 Open up quality development education practice of the new model

　　目前开设生存训练技能课的学校并不少，国内国外都有很多成功的案例。

Now we offer survival training skills classes and many of the school，Domestic abroad a lot of successful cases。

　　记者了解到，从2007年起，浙江海洋学院在校内全面开设海岛野外生存生活实践教学，实践教学以海岛野外生存技能、野外生活技能、野外安全急救和体能训练为主，辅以专业知识的教学与应用。为了保证海岛野外生存生活实践教学顺利实施，保护学生在校内外课堂实践中的安全，学校在陆地项目、高空项目和水上项目都配备了相关的设施器材。

The reporter understands，Since 2007，Zhejiang ocean college in the overall open island field survival practice teaching，Practice teaching by island field survival skills、Wild life skills、The wild safety first aid and physical stamina training primarily，With professional knowledge and application of teaching。In order to guarantee island field survival practice teaching carried out smoothly，Protect the student in the school classroom inside and outside in the practice of the security，The school in land project、High altitude project and water projects are equipped with related facilities equipment。

　　2011年暑期，浙江海洋学院还举办了全国大学生海岛野外生存夏令营。浙江海洋学院体艺部教授黄永良说：“学校充分利用地处海岛的区域优势和自然资源，结合学校办学特色，于2003年将海岛野外生存生活实践教学列为正式的体育选修课，并开始探索大学生海岛野外生存素质拓展实践教育模式。”他认为，实践教学对于高校培养人才来说是一个趋势，对大学生的一些心理障碍和行为异常有直接的心理干预和预防作用，对大学生走向社会、提高就业能力和社会适应能力有明显的促进作用。

In the summer of 2011，Zhejiang ocean college is also held the national college students island field survival summer camp。Zhejiang ocean institute body art department professor HuangYongLiang said：“The school is located in the island to make full use of the regional advantages and natural resources，Based on the college characteristic，In 2003 the island field survival practice teaching as formal sports elective course，And began to explore the college students' island field survival quality development practice education mode。”He thinks，Practice teaching for college for training talents is a trend，To some of the college students' psychological barriers and unusual behavior have direct psychological intervention and preventive action，For college students to the society、Improve employment ability and social adaptation ability have significant positive effects。

　　在美国康奈尔大学，学生成功爬树就能获得学分。该校户外体育部开设了诸如攀岩、爬树等系列课程，作为学校体育教学的一部分。该门课程教学生如何使用绳索和特殊的登山装备安全地爬上树，并在树上自由移动，甚至在树木之间灵活穿梭。只要能成功爬树，就能拿到该门课的学分。记者从该校爬树课程介绍中找到这么一段：“无论你是热带雨林的研究员还是树艺家，回想一下当你第一次抓取树枝掏鸟窝时的兴奋吧！当你一直想爬上街上的大树，但始终都到不了第一个枝丫，你会怎么想？”

Cornell university in the United States，Students can get credits success climbing trees。The outdoor sports officials have such as rock climbing、Climb a tree series course，As part of the school sports teaching。This course teaches students how to use the rope and special climbing equipment safely climbed up the tree，And in a tree to move freely，Even in between trees flexible shuttle。As long as can be successful climb a tree，Can get this course credits。Reporters from the school climb a tree course introduces to find such a period of：“No matter you are tropical rainforest researcher or tree art house，Remember back when you first grab the branches out the excitement of bird's nest！When you have been to climb up the street trees，But always to the first branches，What would you want to？”

【专家点评】 【Experts comment on】

中国教育科学研究院体育卫生与艺术教育研究中心主任吴键： China's education scientific research institute in the sports health education and art director of center WuJian：

户外教育更有利于培养社会适应能力 Outdoor education more to cultivate the social adaptation ability

　　自1985年国家组织学生体质健康调研以来，一个严重的问题一直困扰我们，即大学生体质健康的持续下降。我们采取了许多措施，但结果并不令人满意。从世界范围看，大学阶段甚至研究生阶段还开设体育课，恐怕只有在中国才有，其目的就是要维护和提高大学生的体质健康，提高人才培养质量。所以，一直以来，中国的大学一直在探索传统体育的改革之路，他山之石可以攻玉，显然，厦门大学的做法，就是这种探索中的一个选项。

Since 1985 the national organization since the students' physical health research，A serious problem has been to disturb us，College students' physical health is the continue to decline。We have taken a lot of measures，The results are satisfactory。From the world to see，University stage even graduate student stage to offer PE，I'm afraid only in China are，The purpose of which is to maintain and improve college student's physical health，Improve the training quality。so，Has been，China's university has been exploring the traditional sports the road of reform，Can attack the jade ore，obviously，The practice of xiamen university，Is this kind of exploring in a options。

　　在国外，所谓“爬树教育”其实不过是户外教育的一种形式。在美国，户外教育是与环境教育、社会教育并列的教育内容。在日本，户外教育如定向越野等非常普及。

In foreign，The so-called“Climb a tree education”In fact but is a form of outdoor education。In the United States，Outdoor education is the education and the environment、The social education of education for content。In Japan，Outdoor education such as directional cross-country, etc are very popular。

　　户外教育在教授不同的生存技能的同时，另一个重要的目标是培养学生的责任心、自信心、创造力、社会适应能力和团队沟通能力。与传统教育相比，由于内容活泼、形式多样、贴近自然和生活，户外教育因此深受广大青少年的欢迎。

Outdoor education professor in different living skills at the same time，Another important goal is to cultivate students' sense of responsibility、self-confidence、creativity、Social adaptation ability and team communication ability。Compared with the traditional education，Due to the content and lively、Various in form、Close to nature and life，Outdoor education so favored by the majority of teenagers welcome。

　　从教育手段看，户外教育通常通过学生的体验来传达教育理念，以关注学生个体的内心需求和人格发展为目的，从长远发展的角度看，更有助于促进大学生的全面发展。(记者 黄蔚 熊杰 通讯员 代国辉)

From education means look，Outdoor education usually by students experience to convey education concept，To focus on individual student heart needs and personality development for the purpose，From the point of view of long-term development，The more help to promote the comprehensive development of students。(Reporter HuangWei XiongJie correspondent generation countries fai)